Leptospirosis Risk Assessment in Rodent Populations and Environmental Reservoirs in Humanitarian Aid Settings in Thailand
Leptospirosis, a global zoonotic disease caused by spp., presents high morbidity and mortality risks, especially in tropical regions like Thailand. Military personnel deployed in endemic areas, such as during the Cobra Gold Joint exercise, face heightened exposure. This study assessed 's preval...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Microorganisms (Basel) 2024-12, Vol.13 (1), p.29 |
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| creator | Krairojananan, Panadda Wasuworawong, Kasima Leepitakrat, Surachai Monkanna, Taweesak Wanja, Elizabeth W Davidson, Silas A Poole-Smith, Betty K McCardle, Patrick W Mann, Alyssa Lindroth, Erica J |
| description | Leptospirosis, a global zoonotic disease caused by
spp., presents high morbidity and mortality risks, especially in tropical regions like Thailand. Military personnel deployed in endemic areas, such as during the Cobra Gold Joint exercise, face heightened exposure. This study assessed
's prevalence in rodents and environmental reservoirs at military training sites from 2017 to 2022. A surveillance program was conducted at Engineering Civil Assistance Program (ENCAP) training sites using real-time PCR, dark-field microscopy, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing to detect
in rodents and environmental samples. Results showed a 1.3% infection rate in rodents (15 of 1161), while
was detected in 10.2% of water samples (42 of 413) and 23.1% of soil samples (30 of 130). Diverse
strains circulated among rodents, and three groups of naturally circulating
strains were detected in environmental reservoirs. These findings underscore
's survival and transmission potential within exercise sites, informing Force Health Protection (FHP) decisions. By integrating pre-exercise data on primary hosts and environmental reservoirs with historical local outbreak records and research on risk factors, this study identifies key areas for public health intervention and potential mitigation strategies. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/microorganisms13010029 |
| format | Article |
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spp., presents high morbidity and mortality risks, especially in tropical regions like Thailand. Military personnel deployed in endemic areas, such as during the Cobra Gold Joint exercise, face heightened exposure. This study assessed
's prevalence in rodents and environmental reservoirs at military training sites from 2017 to 2022. A surveillance program was conducted at Engineering Civil Assistance Program (ENCAP) training sites using real-time PCR, dark-field microscopy, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing to detect
in rodents and environmental samples. Results showed a 1.3% infection rate in rodents (15 of 1161), while
was detected in 10.2% of water samples (42 of 413) and 23.1% of soil samples (30 of 130). Diverse
strains circulated among rodents, and three groups of naturally circulating
strains were detected in environmental reservoirs. These findings underscore
's survival and transmission potential within exercise sites, informing Force Health Protection (FHP) decisions. By integrating pre-exercise data on primary hosts and environmental reservoirs with historical local outbreak records and research on risk factors, this study identifies key areas for public health intervention and potential mitigation strategies.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2076-2607</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2076-2607</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms13010029</identifier><identifier>PMID: 39858797</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Armed forces ; environmental reservoirs ; Floods ; Gene sequencing ; Genetic testing ; Health promotion ; Health risks ; Humanitarianism ; Kidneys ; Leptospira ; Leptospirosis ; Military personnel ; Military training ; Morbidity ; Mortality risk ; one health ; Public health ; Real time ; Risk assessment ; Risk factors ; rodent populations ; Rodents ; rRNA 16S ; Soil water ; Surveillance ; surveillance program ; Training ; Tropical environment ; Tropical environments ; Urine ; Water ; Water analysis ; Water sampling ; Zoonoses</subject><ispartof>Microorganisms (Basel), 2024-12, Vol.13 (1), p.29</ispartof><rights>2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2024 by the authors. 2024</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3019-105b924af7ca5001b9e4ac8107d9fdfb9bbdee6ecff68a74719021e9a6ffc87c3</cites><orcidid>0009-0002-2186-6391 ; 0000-0002-4228-7594</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11767840/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11767840/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,2096,27901,27902,53766,53768</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39858797$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Krairojananan, Panadda</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wasuworawong, Kasima</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Leepitakrat, Surachai</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Monkanna, Taweesak</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wanja, Elizabeth W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Davidson, Silas A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Poole-Smith, Betty K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McCardle, Patrick W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mann, Alyssa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lindroth, Erica J</creatorcontrib><title>Leptospirosis Risk Assessment in Rodent Populations and Environmental Reservoirs in Humanitarian Aid Settings in Thailand</title><title>Microorganisms (Basel)</title><addtitle>Microorganisms</addtitle><description>Leptospirosis, a global zoonotic disease caused by
spp., presents high morbidity and mortality risks, especially in tropical regions like Thailand. Military personnel deployed in endemic areas, such as during the Cobra Gold Joint exercise, face heightened exposure. This study assessed
's prevalence in rodents and environmental reservoirs at military training sites from 2017 to 2022. A surveillance program was conducted at Engineering Civil Assistance Program (ENCAP) training sites using real-time PCR, dark-field microscopy, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing to detect
in rodents and environmental samples. Results showed a 1.3% infection rate in rodents (15 of 1161), while
was detected in 10.2% of water samples (42 of 413) and 23.1% of soil samples (30 of 130). Diverse
strains circulated among rodents, and three groups of naturally circulating
strains were detected in environmental reservoirs. These findings underscore
's survival and transmission potential within exercise sites, informing Force Health Protection (FHP) decisions. By integrating pre-exercise data on primary hosts and environmental reservoirs with historical local outbreak records and research on risk factors, this study identifies key areas for public health intervention and potential mitigation strategies.</description><subject>Armed forces</subject><subject>environmental reservoirs</subject><subject>Floods</subject><subject>Gene sequencing</subject><subject>Genetic testing</subject><subject>Health promotion</subject><subject>Health risks</subject><subject>Humanitarianism</subject><subject>Kidneys</subject><subject>Leptospira</subject><subject>Leptospirosis</subject><subject>Military personnel</subject><subject>Military training</subject><subject>Morbidity</subject><subject>Mortality risk</subject><subject>one health</subject><subject>Public health</subject><subject>Real time</subject><subject>Risk assessment</subject><subject>Risk factors</subject><subject>rodent populations</subject><subject>Rodents</subject><subject>rRNA 16S</subject><subject>Soil water</subject><subject>Surveillance</subject><subject>surveillance program</subject><subject>Training</subject><subject>Tropical environment</subject><subject>Tropical environments</subject><subject>Urine</subject><subject>Water</subject><subject>Water analysis</subject><subject>Water sampling</subject><subject>Zoonoses</subject><issn>2076-2607</issn><issn>2076-2607</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNptUsFq3DAQNaWlCWl-IRh66WWbkWVb1qksIW0CCy3b9CzGsrTR1pZcjb2Qv692NwlJqS4aZt57zBtell0w-My5hMvB6RhC3KB3NBDjwAAK-SY7LUDUi6IG8fZFfZKdE20hPcl4U7H32QmXTdUIKU6zh5UZp0Cji4Ec5WtHv_MlkSEajJ9y5_N16PbVjzDOPU4ueMrRd_m13yWO36Owz9eGTNwFF2lPuZmHtNqE0aHPl67Lf5ppcn5zGN7do-uTwofsncWezPnjf5b9-np9d3WzWH3_dnu1XC108iUXDKpWFiVaobECYK00JeqGgeik7Wwr27Yzpjba2rpBUQomoWBGYm2tboTmZ9ntUbcLuFVjdAPGBxXQqUMjnVFhnJzujaoRaml12WlWlmBFyxk3UmsuCqxYw5LWl6PWOLeD6XQyH7F_Jfp64t292oSdYkzUoikhKXx6VIjhz2xoUoMjbfp0ERNmUpxVsgEmyipBP_4D3YY5-nSrA6oSkMwmVH1EpUgQRWOft2Gg9mlR_09LIl689PJMe8oG_wsKtMLU</recordid><startdate>20241227</startdate><enddate>20241227</enddate><creator>Krairojananan, Panadda</creator><creator>Wasuworawong, Kasima</creator><creator>Leepitakrat, Surachai</creator><creator>Monkanna, Taweesak</creator><creator>Wanja, Elizabeth W</creator><creator>Davidson, Silas A</creator><creator>Poole-Smith, Betty K</creator><creator>McCardle, Patrick W</creator><creator>Mann, Alyssa</creator><creator>Lindroth, Erica J</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><general>MDPI</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2186-6391</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4228-7594</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20241227</creationdate><title>Leptospirosis Risk Assessment in Rodent Populations and Environmental Reservoirs in Humanitarian Aid Settings in Thailand</title><author>Krairojananan, Panadda ; 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spp., presents high morbidity and mortality risks, especially in tropical regions like Thailand. Military personnel deployed in endemic areas, such as during the Cobra Gold Joint exercise, face heightened exposure. This study assessed
's prevalence in rodents and environmental reservoirs at military training sites from 2017 to 2022. A surveillance program was conducted at Engineering Civil Assistance Program (ENCAP) training sites using real-time PCR, dark-field microscopy, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing to detect
in rodents and environmental samples. Results showed a 1.3% infection rate in rodents (15 of 1161), while
was detected in 10.2% of water samples (42 of 413) and 23.1% of soil samples (30 of 130). Diverse
strains circulated among rodents, and three groups of naturally circulating
strains were detected in environmental reservoirs. These findings underscore
's survival and transmission potential within exercise sites, informing Force Health Protection (FHP) decisions. By integrating pre-exercise data on primary hosts and environmental reservoirs with historical local outbreak records and research on risk factors, this study identifies key areas for public health intervention and potential mitigation strategies.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>39858797</pmid><doi>10.3390/microorganisms13010029</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2186-6391</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4228-7594</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central; PubMed Central Open Access |
| subjects | Armed forces environmental reservoirs Floods Gene sequencing Genetic testing Health promotion Health risks Humanitarianism Kidneys Leptospira Leptospirosis Military personnel Military training Morbidity Mortality risk one health Public health Real time Risk assessment Risk factors rodent populations Rodents rRNA 16S Soil water Surveillance surveillance program Training Tropical environment Tropical environments Urine Water Water analysis Water sampling Zoonoses |
| title | Leptospirosis Risk Assessment in Rodent Populations and Environmental Reservoirs in Humanitarian Aid Settings in Thailand |
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