MICROBIOTA AMBIENTAL DEL DEPARTAMENTO DE NEONATOLOGIA EN EL INSTITUTO NACIONAL MATERNO PERINATAL, LIMA, PERÚ

Introduction. Healthcare-associated infections (IAAS) increase neonatal morbidity and mortality. Identifying the microbiological profile and sensitivity of the microbiota allows us to reduce infection rates, rationalize the use of antibiotics and improve neonatal survival. Objectives. To know the environmental microbiota and antimicrobial sensitivity in the Department of Neonatology (DN). Methods. Observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study, carried out between April and May 2021, in the Intensive Care, Intermediate and Immediate Care services of the DN of the Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal, a reference center for maternal and neonatal care. 144 surfaces were selected from the hospitalized patient environment. Using swabbing technique, samples were obtained and then seeded in common and selective culture media. Sensitivity was determined using Kirby-Bauer diffusion disks, the analysis of variables was performed with SPSS version 22.0 Results. Of 147 samples, 67% gave positive cultures with pathogenic bacteria. In immediate care 50% tested positive, in intermediate care 46.5% and in NICU 39.7%. The 100% contaminated surfaces were fan screens, electroencephalogram monitor, chart holders and scales. Of 41 hands of health personnel, 29.3% were contaminated: 54.5% nursing technicians, 30% doctors and 23% nursing graduates. The isolated germs were SCN (67%) sensitive to vancomycin, Enterococcus (16.5%) sensitive to ampicillin and vancomycin, Pseudomonas (8.2%) to meropenem, Escherichia coli (2.4%) to gentamicin and amikacin, Klebsiella (1.2%). Conclusion. Pathogens causing IAAS were isolated on surfaces in the environment of our patients. The bacterial agents found have high antimicrobial resistance and virulence. Introducción. Las infecciones asociadas a atención en salud (IAAS) elevan la morbimortalidad neonatal. Identificar el perfil microbiológico y sensibilidad de la microbiota permite disminuir las tasas de infecciones, racionalizar uso de antibióticos y mejorar sobrevida de los neonatos. Objetivos. Conocer la microbiota ambiental y sensibilidad antimicrobiana en el Departamento de Neonatología (DN). Métodos. Estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal, efectuado entre abril y mayo del 2021, en los servicios de Cuidados intensivos, Intermedios y atención inmediata del DN del Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal, centro de referencia para atención materno neonatal. Se seleccionaron 144 superficies del entorno del paciente hospitalizado. Medi