Relationship of Adiponectin with Metabolic Syndrome Indicators in Pregnancy: A Cross-sectional Study

Introduction: Obesity, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and hypertension are indicators of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Low serum adiponectin levels might be able to predict MetS. Objective/Aim: This study was meant to assess relationship between MetS and adiponectin. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, women in their 24-40 weeks of pregnancy were selected. The study consisted of two groups, one group comprised 100 control, healthy pregnant women, while second group comprised 100 pregnant women with known gestational diabetes. Body mass index (BMI), and systolic and diastolic blood pressure participants were recorded. Blood was tested for HbA1c, HDL, triglycerides, and serum adiponectin levels. Results: BMI of 30% of participants was ≥30 kg/m², and 43% of the participants had HbA1c ≥6.5%. HDL levels were lower than normal in 30% of participants, and serum triglyceride levels were higher than normal in 78% of participants. SBP was higher than normal in 23% of the participants. Adiponectin level was low in >60% of cases. No statistically significant difference was found between the BMI of both groups. SBP and DBP were within normal limits in both groups. HbA1c levels were higher than normal, and HDL levels and adiponectin levels were lower than normal in the diabetic group. No statistically significant difference was found in TAG levels in both groups, and it was higher than normal in both groups. Regression analysis showed that adiponectin levels could predict diabetes and low HDL levels in our study. Conclusion: Hypoadiponectinemia could predict MetS indicators like hyperglycemia and low HDL levels.