The effect of amino acid infusion on anesthesia-induced hypothermia in muscle atrophy model rats
An infusion of amino acids stimulates heat production in skeletal muscle and then attenuates the anesthesia-induced hypothermia. However, in a clinical setting, some patients have atrophic skeletal muscle caused by various factors. The present study was therefore conducted to investigate the effect...
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| creator | Kanazawa, M., Tokai Univ., Isehara, Kanagawa (Japan). School of Medicine Ando, S Tsuda, M Suzuki, T |
| description | An infusion of amino acids stimulates heat production in skeletal muscle and then attenuates the anesthesia-induced hypothermia. However, in a clinical setting, some patients have atrophic skeletal muscle caused by various factors. The present study was therefore conducted to investigate the effect of amino acids on the anesthesia-induced hypothermia in the state of muscle atrophy. As the muscle atrophy model, Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to hindlimb immobilization for 2 wk. Normal rats and atrophy model rats were randomly assigned to one of the two treatment groups: saline or amino acids (n=8 for each group). Test solutions were administered intravenously to the rats under sevoflurane anesthesia for 180 min, and the rectal temperature was measured. Plasma samples were collected for measurement of insulin, blood glucose, and free amino acids. The rectal temperature was significantly higher in the normal-amino acid group than in the muscle atrophy-amino acid group from 75 to 180 min. The plasma insulin level was significantly higher in the rats given amino acids than in the rats given saline in both normal and model groups. In the rats given amino acids, plasma total free amino acid concentration was higher in the model group than in the normal group. These results indicate that skeletal muscle plays an important role in changes in body temperature during anesthesia and the effect of amino acids on anesthesia-induced hypothermia decreases in the muscle atrophy state. In addition, intravenous amino acids administration during anesthesia induces an increase in the plasma insulin level. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3177/jnsv.56.117 |
| format | Article |
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School of Medicine ; Ando, S ; Tsuda, M ; Suzuki, T</creator><creatorcontrib>Kanazawa, M., Tokai Univ., Isehara, Kanagawa (Japan). School of Medicine ; Ando, S ; Tsuda, M ; Suzuki, T</creatorcontrib><description>An infusion of amino acids stimulates heat production in skeletal muscle and then attenuates the anesthesia-induced hypothermia. However, in a clinical setting, some patients have atrophic skeletal muscle caused by various factors. The present study was therefore conducted to investigate the effect of amino acids on the anesthesia-induced hypothermia in the state of muscle atrophy. As the muscle atrophy model, Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to hindlimb immobilization for 2 wk. Normal rats and atrophy model rats were randomly assigned to one of the two treatment groups: saline or amino acids (n=8 for each group). Test solutions were administered intravenously to the rats under sevoflurane anesthesia for 180 min, and the rectal temperature was measured. Plasma samples were collected for measurement of insulin, blood glucose, and free amino acids. The rectal temperature was significantly higher in the normal-amino acid group than in the muscle atrophy-amino acid group from 75 to 180 min. The plasma insulin level was significantly higher in the rats given amino acids than in the rats given saline in both normal and model groups. In the rats given amino acids, plasma total free amino acid concentration was higher in the model group than in the normal group. These results indicate that skeletal muscle plays an important role in changes in body temperature during anesthesia and the effect of amino acids on anesthesia-induced hypothermia decreases in the muscle atrophy state. In addition, intravenous amino acids administration during anesthesia induces an increase in the plasma insulin level.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0301-4800</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1881-7742</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.56.117</identifier><identifier>PMID: 20495293</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Tokyo: Center for Academic Publications Japan</publisher><subject>ACIDE AMINE ; amino acid ; AMINO ACIDS ; Amino Acids - blood ; Amino Acids - pharmacology ; AMINOACIDOS ; ANAESTHESIA ; Analysis of Variance ; ANESTESIA ; Anesthesia, General - adverse effects ; ANESTHESIE ; Anesthetics, Inhalation - administration & dosage ; Anesthetics, Inhalation - adverse effects ; Anesthetics, Inhalation - blood ; Animals ; APPLICATION METHODS ; ATROFIA ; ATROPHIE ; ATROPHY ; Biological and medical sciences ; Blood Glucose - drug effects ; BODY TEMPERATURE ; Body Temperature - drug effects ; COMPOSE ORGANOAZOTE ; COMPUESTO ORGANICO DEL NITROGENO ; Disease Models, Animal ; Feeding. Feeding behavior ; FUNCTIONAL DISORDERS ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; general anesthesia ; HIPOTERMIA ; http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_11692 ; http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_16101 ; http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_24104 ; http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_3144 ; http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_342 ; http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_5003 ; http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_50131 ; http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_5389 ; http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_542 ; http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_983 ; HYPOTHERMIA ; Hypothermia - blood ; Hypothermia - chemically induced ; Hypothermia - prevention & control ; HYPOTHERMIE ; INFUSION ; Insulin - blood ; Male ; METHODE D'APPLICATION ; Methyl Ethers - administration & dosage ; Methyl Ethers - adverse effects ; Methyl Ethers - blood ; METODOS DE APLICACION ; MUSCLE ; muscle atrophy ; Muscle, Skeletal - drug effects ; Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism ; MUSCLES ; Muscular Atrophy - complications ; Muscular Atrophy - metabolism ; MUSCULOS ; ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS ; PERFUSION ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sevoflurane ; Sodium Chloride - administration & dosage ; TEMPERATURA DEL CUERPO ; TEMPERATURE CORPORELLE ; TRASTORNOS FUNCIONALES ; TROUBLE FONCTIONNEL ; Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems</subject><ispartof>Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology, 2010, Vol.56(2), pp.117-122</ispartof><rights>2010 by the Center for Academic Publications Japan</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c575t-c4ea3edcc30b8c7f1d69f4d65a25dde171b3db3aa44efff02ebc22e131f75c6f3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c575t-c4ea3edcc30b8c7f1d69f4d65a25dde171b3db3aa44efff02ebc22e131f75c6f3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,777,781,1877,4010,27904,27905,27906</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=22933181$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20495293$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Kanazawa, M., Tokai Univ., Isehara, Kanagawa (Japan). School of Medicine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ando, S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tsuda, M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Suzuki, T</creatorcontrib><title>The effect of amino acid infusion on anesthesia-induced hypothermia in muscle atrophy model rats</title><title>Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology</title><addtitle>J Nutr Sci Vitaminol</addtitle><description>An infusion of amino acids stimulates heat production in skeletal muscle and then attenuates the anesthesia-induced hypothermia. However, in a clinical setting, some patients have atrophic skeletal muscle caused by various factors. The present study was therefore conducted to investigate the effect of amino acids on the anesthesia-induced hypothermia in the state of muscle atrophy. As the muscle atrophy model, Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to hindlimb immobilization for 2 wk. Normal rats and atrophy model rats were randomly assigned to one of the two treatment groups: saline or amino acids (n=8 for each group). Test solutions were administered intravenously to the rats under sevoflurane anesthesia for 180 min, and the rectal temperature was measured. Plasma samples were collected for measurement of insulin, blood glucose, and free amino acids. The rectal temperature was significantly higher in the normal-amino acid group than in the muscle atrophy-amino acid group from 75 to 180 min. The plasma insulin level was significantly higher in the rats given amino acids than in the rats given saline in both normal and model groups. In the rats given amino acids, plasma total free amino acid concentration was higher in the model group than in the normal group. These results indicate that skeletal muscle plays an important role in changes in body temperature during anesthesia and the effect of amino acids on anesthesia-induced hypothermia decreases in the muscle atrophy state. In addition, intravenous amino acids administration during anesthesia induces an increase in the plasma insulin level.</description><subject>ACIDE AMINE</subject><subject>amino acid</subject><subject>AMINO ACIDS</subject><subject>Amino Acids - blood</subject><subject>Amino Acids - pharmacology</subject><subject>AMINOACIDOS</subject><subject>ANAESTHESIA</subject><subject>Analysis of Variance</subject><subject>ANESTESIA</subject><subject>Anesthesia, General - adverse effects</subject><subject>ANESTHESIE</subject><subject>Anesthetics, Inhalation - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Anesthetics, Inhalation - adverse effects</subject><subject>Anesthetics, Inhalation - blood</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>APPLICATION METHODS</subject><subject>ATROFIA</subject><subject>ATROPHIE</subject><subject>ATROPHY</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Blood Glucose - drug effects</subject><subject>BODY TEMPERATURE</subject><subject>Body Temperature - drug effects</subject><subject>COMPOSE ORGANOAZOTE</subject><subject>COMPUESTO ORGANICO DEL NITROGENO</subject><subject>Disease Models, Animal</subject><subject>Feeding. Feeding behavior</subject><subject>FUNCTIONAL DISORDERS</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>general anesthesia</subject><subject>HIPOTERMIA</subject><subject>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_11692</subject><subject>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_16101</subject><subject>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_24104</subject><subject>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_3144</subject><subject>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_342</subject><subject>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_5003</subject><subject>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_50131</subject><subject>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_5389</subject><subject>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_542</subject><subject>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_983</subject><subject>HYPOTHERMIA</subject><subject>Hypothermia - blood</subject><subject>Hypothermia - chemically induced</subject><subject>Hypothermia - prevention & control</subject><subject>HYPOTHERMIE</subject><subject>INFUSION</subject><subject>Insulin - blood</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>METHODE D'APPLICATION</subject><subject>Methyl Ethers - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Methyl Ethers - adverse effects</subject><subject>Methyl Ethers - blood</subject><subject>METODOS DE APLICACION</subject><subject>MUSCLE</subject><subject>muscle atrophy</subject><subject>Muscle, Skeletal - drug effects</subject><subject>Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism</subject><subject>MUSCLES</subject><subject>Muscular Atrophy - complications</subject><subject>Muscular Atrophy - metabolism</subject><subject>MUSCULOS</subject><subject>ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS</subject><subject>PERFUSION</subject><subject>Random Allocation</subject><subject>Rats</subject><subject>Rats, Sprague-Dawley</subject><subject>Sevoflurane</subject><subject>Sodium Chloride - administration & dosage</subject><subject>TEMPERATURA DEL CUERPO</subject><subject>TEMPERATURE CORPORELLE</subject><subject>TRASTORNOS FUNCIONALES</subject><subject>TROUBLE FONCTIONNEL</subject><subject>Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems</subject><issn>0301-4800</issn><issn>1881-7742</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2010</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNpFkM1LwzAYh4MoOqcnz0ounqQzH23T3ZThJ4Ie9FzfJm9sxtqOpBX235tRnRCSl-Th9wsPIWeczSRX6nrZhu9Zls84V3tkwouCJ0qlYp9MmGQ8SQvGjshxCEvG0nmRFofkSMQpE3M5IZ_vNVK0FnVPO0uhcW1HQTtDXWuH4LqWxgUthr7G4CBxrRk0Glpv1l288o2DiNJmCHqFFHrfresNbTqDK-qhDyfkwMIq4OnvOSUf93fvi8fk5fXhaXH7kuhMZX2iUwSJRmvJqkIry00-t6nJMxCZMcgVr6SpJECaxt9aJrDSQiCX3KpM51ZOydWYq30Xgkdbrr1rwG9Kzsqtp3LrqczyMnqK9MVIr4eqQbNj_8RE4PIXgKBhZT202oV_bsvwgkfuZuSWoYcv3AHgexeF7ErFuMXu3ZOuwZfYxojzMcJCV8KXjzXPb4JxxpgQUsofHTSTxQ</recordid><startdate>2010</startdate><enddate>2010</enddate><creator>Kanazawa, M., Tokai Univ., Isehara, Kanagawa (Japan). School of Medicine</creator><creator>Ando, S</creator><creator>Tsuda, M</creator><creator>Suzuki, T</creator><general>Center for Academic Publications Japan</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope></search><sort><creationdate>2010</creationdate><title>The effect of amino acid infusion on anesthesia-induced hypothermia in muscle atrophy model rats</title><author>Kanazawa, M., Tokai Univ., Isehara, Kanagawa (Japan). School of Medicine ; Ando, S ; Tsuda, M ; Suzuki, T</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c575t-c4ea3edcc30b8c7f1d69f4d65a25dde171b3db3aa44efff02ebc22e131f75c6f3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2010</creationdate><topic>ACIDE AMINE</topic><topic>amino acid</topic><topic>AMINO ACIDS</topic><topic>Amino Acids - blood</topic><topic>Amino Acids - pharmacology</topic><topic>AMINOACIDOS</topic><topic>ANAESTHESIA</topic><topic>Analysis of Variance</topic><topic>ANESTESIA</topic><topic>Anesthesia, General - adverse effects</topic><topic>ANESTHESIE</topic><topic>Anesthetics, Inhalation - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Anesthetics, Inhalation - adverse effects</topic><topic>Anesthetics, Inhalation - blood</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>APPLICATION METHODS</topic><topic>ATROFIA</topic><topic>ATROPHIE</topic><topic>ATROPHY</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Blood Glucose - drug effects</topic><topic>BODY TEMPERATURE</topic><topic>Body Temperature - drug effects</topic><topic>COMPOSE ORGANOAZOTE</topic><topic>COMPUESTO ORGANICO DEL NITROGENO</topic><topic>Disease Models, Animal</topic><topic>Feeding. Feeding behavior</topic><topic>FUNCTIONAL DISORDERS</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>general anesthesia</topic><topic>HIPOTERMIA</topic><topic>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_11692</topic><topic>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_16101</topic><topic>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_24104</topic><topic>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_3144</topic><topic>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_342</topic><topic>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_5003</topic><topic>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_50131</topic><topic>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_5389</topic><topic>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_542</topic><topic>http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_983</topic><topic>HYPOTHERMIA</topic><topic>Hypothermia - blood</topic><topic>Hypothermia - chemically induced</topic><topic>Hypothermia - prevention & control</topic><topic>HYPOTHERMIE</topic><topic>INFUSION</topic><topic>Insulin - blood</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>METHODE D'APPLICATION</topic><topic>Methyl Ethers - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Methyl Ethers - adverse effects</topic><topic>Methyl Ethers - blood</topic><topic>METODOS DE APLICACION</topic><topic>MUSCLE</topic><topic>muscle atrophy</topic><topic>Muscle, Skeletal - drug effects</topic><topic>Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism</topic><topic>MUSCLES</topic><topic>Muscular Atrophy - complications</topic><topic>Muscular Atrophy - metabolism</topic><topic>MUSCULOS</topic><topic>ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS</topic><topic>PERFUSION</topic><topic>Random Allocation</topic><topic>Rats</topic><topic>Rats, Sprague-Dawley</topic><topic>Sevoflurane</topic><topic>Sodium Chloride - administration & dosage</topic><topic>TEMPERATURA DEL CUERPO</topic><topic>TEMPERATURE CORPORELLE</topic><topic>TRASTORNOS FUNCIONALES</topic><topic>TROUBLE FONCTIONNEL</topic><topic>Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Kanazawa, M., Tokai Univ., Isehara, Kanagawa (Japan). School of Medicine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ando, S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tsuda, M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Suzuki, T</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><jtitle>Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Kanazawa, M., Tokai Univ., Isehara, Kanagawa (Japan). School of Medicine</au><au>Ando, S</au><au>Tsuda, M</au><au>Suzuki, T</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The effect of amino acid infusion on anesthesia-induced hypothermia in muscle atrophy model rats</atitle><jtitle>Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology</jtitle><addtitle>J Nutr Sci Vitaminol</addtitle><date>2010</date><risdate>2010</risdate><volume>56</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>117</spage><epage>122</epage><pages>117-122</pages><issn>0301-4800</issn><eissn>1881-7742</eissn><abstract>An infusion of amino acids stimulates heat production in skeletal muscle and then attenuates the anesthesia-induced hypothermia. However, in a clinical setting, some patients have atrophic skeletal muscle caused by various factors. The present study was therefore conducted to investigate the effect of amino acids on the anesthesia-induced hypothermia in the state of muscle atrophy. As the muscle atrophy model, Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to hindlimb immobilization for 2 wk. Normal rats and atrophy model rats were randomly assigned to one of the two treatment groups: saline or amino acids (n=8 for each group). Test solutions were administered intravenously to the rats under sevoflurane anesthesia for 180 min, and the rectal temperature was measured. Plasma samples were collected for measurement of insulin, blood glucose, and free amino acids. The rectal temperature was significantly higher in the normal-amino acid group than in the muscle atrophy-amino acid group from 75 to 180 min. The plasma insulin level was significantly higher in the rats given amino acids than in the rats given saline in both normal and model groups. In the rats given amino acids, plasma total free amino acid concentration was higher in the model group than in the normal group. These results indicate that skeletal muscle plays an important role in changes in body temperature during anesthesia and the effect of amino acids on anesthesia-induced hypothermia decreases in the muscle atrophy state. In addition, intravenous amino acids administration during anesthesia induces an increase in the plasma insulin level.</abstract><cop>Tokyo</cop><pub>Center for Academic Publications Japan</pub><pmid>20495293</pmid><doi>10.3177/jnsv.56.117</doi><tpages>6</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology, 2010, Vol.56(2), pp.117-122 |
| issn | 0301-4800 1881-7742 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_crossref_primary_10_3177_jnsv_56_117 |
| source | MEDLINE; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; J-STAGE (Japan Science & Technology Information Aggregator, Electronic) Freely Available Titles - Japanese |
| subjects | ACIDE AMINE amino acid AMINO ACIDS Amino Acids - blood Amino Acids - pharmacology AMINOACIDOS ANAESTHESIA Analysis of Variance ANESTESIA Anesthesia, General - adverse effects ANESTHESIE Anesthetics, Inhalation - administration & dosage Anesthetics, Inhalation - adverse effects Anesthetics, Inhalation - blood Animals APPLICATION METHODS ATROFIA ATROPHIE ATROPHY Biological and medical sciences Blood Glucose - drug effects BODY TEMPERATURE Body Temperature - drug effects COMPOSE ORGANOAZOTE COMPUESTO ORGANICO DEL NITROGENO Disease Models, Animal Feeding. Feeding behavior FUNCTIONAL DISORDERS Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology general anesthesia HIPOTERMIA http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_11692 http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_16101 http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_24104 http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_3144 http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_342 http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_5003 http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_50131 http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_5389 http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_542 http://www.fao.org/aos/agrovoc#c_983 HYPOTHERMIA Hypothermia - blood Hypothermia - chemically induced Hypothermia - prevention & control HYPOTHERMIE INFUSION Insulin - blood Male METHODE D'APPLICATION Methyl Ethers - administration & dosage Methyl Ethers - adverse effects Methyl Ethers - blood METODOS DE APLICACION MUSCLE muscle atrophy Muscle, Skeletal - drug effects Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism MUSCLES Muscular Atrophy - complications Muscular Atrophy - metabolism MUSCULOS ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS PERFUSION Random Allocation Rats Rats, Sprague-Dawley Sevoflurane Sodium Chloride - administration & dosage TEMPERATURA DEL CUERPO TEMPERATURE CORPORELLE TRASTORNOS FUNCIONALES TROUBLE FONCTIONNEL Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems |
| title | The effect of amino acid infusion on anesthesia-induced hypothermia in muscle atrophy model rats |
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