Artificial Intelligence Literacy Among Healthcare Professionals and Students: A Systematic Review

Introduction: This systematic review investigated the level of artificial intelligence (AI) literacy among healthcare professionals and students.Methods: On October 4, 2023, we searched the databases PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science for relevant material. The evidence gathered from the studies included in this systematic review was reported in this study using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Studies that assessed the level of AI literacy among medical and health care professionals and students met the inclusion criteria for this study. The same standard checklist was used for data extraction. Among the data items contained in this form are the study reference, study nation, publication year, participant characteristics (number of participants and their field of study), study objectives, and study outcomes.Results: Of the 10 included studies, 4 (40%) reported a low level of preparation, knowledge, and literacy. In a study, it was also shown that radiologists had acceptable literacy about AI, and it seems that they had a better study of this field compared to other specialists. Another study showed that initially the level of AI literacy was not acceptable but improved significantly after training. Two studies also hailed AI's contribution to improving healthcare. Another study identified cases of clinical merit for AI that could be used to guide future teaching and learning programs in maximizing the potential benefits of AI-based tools and reducing potential harm. In another study, professional groups were required to adjust their roles in AI practice.Conclusion: Evidence from this systematic review suggests that AI literacy of healthcare professionals and students was insufficient. Training courses on AI and its application in healthcare are a must.