Effect of an Altitude-Dependent Background Atmosphere on Shuttle Plumes
THE shuttle ionospheric modification with pulsed localized exhaust (SIMPLEX) experiments conducted by the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) were designed to 1) assess the effects of rocket exhaust interactions in the ionosphere and 2) mimic large ionospheric disturbances that occur naturally [1-5]. Th...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of spacecraft and rockets 2010-07, Vol.47 (4), p.700-704 |
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| container_title | Journal of spacecraft and rockets |
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| creator | Kaplan, Carolyn R Bernhardt, Paul A |
| description | THE shuttle ionospheric modification with pulsed localized exhaust (SIMPLEX) experiments conducted by the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) were designed to 1) assess the effects of rocket exhaust interactions in the ionosphere and 2) mimic large ionospheric disturbances that occur naturally [1-5]. These experiments use space shuttle orbital maneuver subsystem (OMS) engines to inject exhaust over ground radar sites. The shuttle exhaust provides a high-speed neutral gas that streams through the ambient plasma of the ionosphere. The neutral exhaust molecules exchange charge with ambient O(+) ions in the ionosphere. This interaction between the plasma and neutrals results in the formation of ion-ring and beam velocity distributions of plasma particles in the ionosphere. During the SIMPLEX experiments, these distributions are studied with ground radars using incoherent scatter of radio waves from electrons in the ionosphere. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.2514/1.47339 |
| format | Article |
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These experiments use space shuttle orbital maneuver subsystem (OMS) engines to inject exhaust over ground radar sites. The shuttle exhaust provides a high-speed neutral gas that streams through the ambient plasma of the ionosphere. The neutral exhaust molecules exchange charge with ambient O(+) ions in the ionosphere. This interaction between the plasma and neutrals results in the formation of ion-ring and beam velocity distributions of plasma particles in the ionosphere. During the SIMPLEX experiments, these distributions are studied with ground radars using incoherent scatter of radio waves from electrons in the ionosphere.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0022-4650</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1533-6794</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.2514/1.47339</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Reston: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics</publisher><subject>Atmospheres ; Beams (radiation) ; Charge ; Engines ; Exhaust ; Grounds ; High speed ; Ionosphere ; Ionospheric disturbances ; Ionospherics ; Naval ; Orbital maneuvers ; Plumes ; Radar ; Radio waves ; Rocket exhaust ; Scatter ; Space shuttles ; Streams ; Velocity distribution</subject><ispartof>Journal of spacecraft and rockets, 2010-07, Vol.47 (4), p.700-704</ispartof><rights>Copyright American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Jul-Aug 2010</rights><rights>Copyright American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Jul/Aug 2010</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a376t-64ee16eac5f1b613a70142b2d2deb607580fd60476853991642f273146db0d1c3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-a376t-64ee16eac5f1b613a70142b2d2deb607580fd60476853991642f273146db0d1c3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>315,781,785,27926,27927</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Kaplan, Carolyn R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bernhardt, Paul A</creatorcontrib><title>Effect of an Altitude-Dependent Background Atmosphere on Shuttle Plumes</title><title>Journal of spacecraft and rockets</title><description>THE shuttle ionospheric modification with pulsed localized exhaust (SIMPLEX) experiments conducted by the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) were designed to 1) assess the effects of rocket exhaust interactions in the ionosphere and 2) mimic large ionospheric disturbances that occur naturally [1-5]. 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| ispartof | Journal of spacecraft and rockets, 2010-07, Vol.47 (4), p.700-704 |
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| language | eng |
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| source | Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | Atmospheres Beams (radiation) Charge Engines Exhaust Grounds High speed Ionosphere Ionospheric disturbances Ionospherics Naval Orbital maneuvers Plumes Radar Radio waves Rocket exhaust Scatter Space shuttles Streams Velocity distribution |
| title | Effect of an Altitude-Dependent Background Atmosphere on Shuttle Plumes |
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