Emission of Microbial Aerosols from Sewage Treatment Plants That Use Trickling Filters: Effects of Environmental Conditions
Recent interest in sources of environmental pollution, together with developments in the science of aerobiology during the past decade, have provided the technology to investigate trickling filters as a source of microbial aerosol pollution of the atmosphere. A study was undertaken to examine the ef...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Health services reports 1973-01, Vol.88 (7), p.640-652 |
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| creator | Gordon D. Goff Spendlove, J. Clifton Adams, A. Paul Paul S. Nicholes |
| description | Recent interest in sources of environmental pollution, together with developments in the science of aerobiology during the past decade, have provided the technology to investigate trickling filters as a source of microbial aerosol pollution of the atmosphere. A study was undertaken to examine the effects of various environmental conditions upon the emission of Escherichia coli and total bacterial forms from municipal sewage treatment plants. Two typical trickling filter processing plants serving a metropolitan area were selected for the study. An attempt was made to gain information regarding the magnitude of the potential hazard as it might vary with environmental conditions. The majority of particles emitted were found to be |
| doi_str_mv | 10.2307/4594867 |
| format | Article |
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Goff ; Spendlove, J. Clifton ; Adams, A. Paul ; Paul S. Nicholes</creator><creatorcontrib>Gordon D. Goff ; Spendlove, J. Clifton ; Adams, A. Paul ; Paul S. Nicholes</creatorcontrib><description>Recent interest in sources of environmental pollution, together with developments in the science of aerobiology during the past decade, have provided the technology to investigate trickling filters as a source of microbial aerosol pollution of the atmosphere. A study was undertaken to examine the effects of various environmental conditions upon the emission of Escherichia coli and total bacterial forms from municipal sewage treatment plants. Two typical trickling filter processing plants serving a metropolitan area were selected for the study. An attempt was made to gain information regarding the magnitude of the potential hazard as it might vary with environmental conditions. The majority of particles emitted were found to be <5.0μ in diameter, a size presenting maximum opportunity for deposition in the lung when inhaled by man. The extent to which aerosols are emitted and travel downwind is influenced by windspeed, relative humidity (RH), solar radiation, and probably the temperature gradient. Solar radiation, as expected, was found to significantly reduce viable aerosol emission, as did low RH and low windspeed. Conversely, the coliform count increased with increased RH. Windspeeds between 6 and 10 miles per hour favored emission of aerosols, as compared with windspeeds above and below this range. Use of E. coli as an indicator of the air pollution from sewage plants and other fecal sources is suggested.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0090-2918</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.2307/4594867</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Health Services Administration</publisher><subject>Activated sludge ; Aerosols ; Bacteria ; Humidity ; Liquids ; Meteorology ; Pollutant emissions ; Relative humidity ; Sewage ; Sewage treatment plants</subject><ispartof>Health services reports, 1973-01, Vol.88 (7), p.640-652</ispartof><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c184t-d161c68709268ea6a90dab5ae4a67c4b0fb5f73a95ecb1e8e02ce095f0afeb1a3</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/4594867$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/4594867$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,799,27903,27904,57996,58229</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Gordon D. Goff</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Spendlove, J. Clifton</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Adams, A. Paul</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Paul S. Nicholes</creatorcontrib><title>Emission of Microbial Aerosols from Sewage Treatment Plants That Use Trickling Filters: Effects of Environmental Conditions</title><title>Health services reports</title><description>Recent interest in sources of environmental pollution, together with developments in the science of aerobiology during the past decade, have provided the technology to investigate trickling filters as a source of microbial aerosol pollution of the atmosphere. A study was undertaken to examine the effects of various environmental conditions upon the emission of Escherichia coli and total bacterial forms from municipal sewage treatment plants. Two typical trickling filter processing plants serving a metropolitan area were selected for the study. An attempt was made to gain information regarding the magnitude of the potential hazard as it might vary with environmental conditions. The majority of particles emitted were found to be <5.0μ in diameter, a size presenting maximum opportunity for deposition in the lung when inhaled by man. The extent to which aerosols are emitted and travel downwind is influenced by windspeed, relative humidity (RH), solar radiation, and probably the temperature gradient. Solar radiation, as expected, was found to significantly reduce viable aerosol emission, as did low RH and low windspeed. Conversely, the coliform count increased with increased RH. Windspeeds between 6 and 10 miles per hour favored emission of aerosols, as compared with windspeeds above and below this range. Use of E. coli as an indicator of the air pollution from sewage plants and other fecal sources is suggested.</description><subject>Activated sludge</subject><subject>Aerosols</subject><subject>Bacteria</subject><subject>Humidity</subject><subject>Liquids</subject><subject>Meteorology</subject><subject>Pollutant emissions</subject><subject>Relative humidity</subject><subject>Sewage</subject><subject>Sewage treatment plants</subject><issn>0090-2918</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1973</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp1kE1LAzEQhnNQsFbxL-QgeFqd7Fc23krZqlBRsD0vs-mkpu5uJAmK-Ofd0l49zWGe9xnmZexKwG2agbzLC5VXpTxhEwAFSapEdcbOQ9gBZELKbMJ-696GYN3AneHPVnvXWuz4jLwLrgvceNfzN_rGLfGVJ4w9DZG_djjEwFfvGPk67DdWf3R22PKF7SL5cM9rY0iPzKithy_r3bBPjuq5GzY2jhfDBTs12AW6PM4pWy_q1fwxWb48PM1ny0SLKo_JRpRCl5UElZYVYYkKNtgWSDmWUuctmLYwMkNVkG4FVQSpJlCFATTUCsym7ObgHb8LwZNpPr3t0f80App9T82xp5G8PpC7EJ3_F_sDHxdqbQ</recordid><startdate>19730101</startdate><enddate>19730101</enddate><creator>Gordon D. Goff</creator><creator>Spendlove, J. Clifton</creator><creator>Adams, A. Paul</creator><creator>Paul S. Nicholes</creator><general>Health Services Administration</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19730101</creationdate><title>Emission of Microbial Aerosols from Sewage Treatment Plants That Use Trickling Filters: Effects of Environmental Conditions</title><author>Gordon D. Goff ; Spendlove, J. Clifton ; Adams, A. Paul ; Paul S. 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Goff</au><au>Spendlove, J. Clifton</au><au>Adams, A. Paul</au><au>Paul S. Nicholes</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Emission of Microbial Aerosols from Sewage Treatment Plants That Use Trickling Filters: Effects of Environmental Conditions</atitle><jtitle>Health services reports</jtitle><date>1973-01-01</date><risdate>1973</risdate><volume>88</volume><issue>7</issue><spage>640</spage><epage>652</epage><pages>640-652</pages><issn>0090-2918</issn><abstract>Recent interest in sources of environmental pollution, together with developments in the science of aerobiology during the past decade, have provided the technology to investigate trickling filters as a source of microbial aerosol pollution of the atmosphere. A study was undertaken to examine the effects of various environmental conditions upon the emission of Escherichia coli and total bacterial forms from municipal sewage treatment plants. Two typical trickling filter processing plants serving a metropolitan area were selected for the study. An attempt was made to gain information regarding the magnitude of the potential hazard as it might vary with environmental conditions. The majority of particles emitted were found to be <5.0μ in diameter, a size presenting maximum opportunity for deposition in the lung when inhaled by man. The extent to which aerosols are emitted and travel downwind is influenced by windspeed, relative humidity (RH), solar radiation, and probably the temperature gradient. Solar radiation, as expected, was found to significantly reduce viable aerosol emission, as did low RH and low windspeed. Conversely, the coliform count increased with increased RH. Windspeeds between 6 and 10 miles per hour favored emission of aerosols, as compared with windspeeds above and below this range. Use of E. coli as an indicator of the air pollution from sewage plants and other fecal sources is suggested.</abstract><pub>Health Services Administration</pub><doi>10.2307/4594867</doi><tpages>13</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Health services reports, 1973-01, Vol.88 (7), p.640-652 |
| issn | 0090-2918 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_crossref_primary_10_2307_4594867 |
| source | Jstor Complete Legacy; PubMed Central |
| subjects | Activated sludge Aerosols Bacteria Humidity Liquids Meteorology Pollutant emissions Relative humidity Sewage Sewage treatment plants |
| title | Emission of Microbial Aerosols from Sewage Treatment Plants That Use Trickling Filters: Effects of Environmental Conditions |
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