Preporuke za dijagnostiku i liječenje akutnog zatajivanja srca
Zatajivanje srca klinički je sindrom koji obuhvaća simptome i znakove nastale uslijed porasta intrakardijalnih tlakova ili smanjenog minutnog volumena, što je uzrokovano strukturnim i/ili funkcionalnim abnormalnostima srca. Akutno zatajivanje srca (AZS) životno je ugrožavajuće stanje koje zahtijeva...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Medicina fluminensis 2024-12, Vol.60 (4), p.402-419 |
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description | Zatajivanje srca klinički je sindrom koji obuhvaća simptome i znakove nastale uslijed porasta intrakardijalnih tlakova ili smanjenog minutnog volumena, što je uzrokovano strukturnim i/ili funkcionalnim abnormalnostima srca. Akutno zatajivanje srca (AZS) životno je ugrožavajuće stanje koje zahtijeva žurno zbrinjavanje u hitnoj medicinskoj službi, odnosno neplaniranu hospitalizaciju. Očituje se kroz četiri glavne kliničke prezentacije koje se često preklapaju, a to su akutno dekompenzirano srčano popuštanje, akutni plućni edem, kardiogeni šok i izolirano desnostrano srčano zatajenje. Dijagnoza AZS-a postavlja se prvenstveno na osnovi kliničkih znakova i simptoma te se potvrđuje odgovarajućim dijagnostičkim pretragama. Zbrinjavanje u okviru hitne medicinske službe sastoji se od istovremene kliničke procjene, nužne dijagnostičke obrade i primjene ciljane terapije. Ovisno o stanju bolesnika liječenje uključuje oksigenoterapiju te najčešće primjenu neinvazivnih ventilacijskih modaliteta, dok osnovna farmakološka terapija najčešće obuhvaća primjenu intravenskih diuretika i vazodilatatora, ovisno o vrijednostima arterijskog tlaka i stupnju kongestije. Rana intravenska primjena diuretika Henleove petlje temelj je liječenja AZS-a. Inotropi se primjenjuju za hemodinamsku stabilizaciju bolesnika s niskim minutnim volumenom srca te hipotenzijom. Napredno liječenje AZS-a u slučajevima AZS-a refrakternog na konzervativnu terapiju najčešće uključuje primjenu modaliteta mehaničke cirkulatorne potpore.
Heart failure is a clinical syndrome encompassing symptoms and signs resulting from an increase in intracardiac pressures or depressed cardiac output caused by structural and/or functional abnormalities of the heart. Acute heart failure (AHF) is a life-threatening condition that requires urgent care by the emergency medical service or unplanned hospitalization. Four main clinical presentations often overlap; these are acute decompensated heart failure, acute pulmonary edema, cardiogenic shock, and isolated right ventricular failure. The diagnosis of AHF is primarily based on clinical signs and symptoms and is supported by appropriate diagnostic examinations. Emergency medical service management consists of simultaneous clinical evaluation, necessary diagnostic procedures, and the application of specific therapy. Depending on the patient’s condition, treatment includes oxygen therapy and a wide range of non-invasive ventilation modalities, while essential pharmacological treat |
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Heart failure is a clinical syndrome encompassing symptoms and signs resulting from an increase in intracardiac pressures or depressed cardiac output caused by structural and/or functional abnormalities of the heart. Acute heart failure (AHF) is a life-threatening condition that requires urgent care by the emergency medical service or unplanned hospitalization. Four main clinical presentations often overlap; these are acute decompensated heart failure, acute pulmonary edema, cardiogenic shock, and isolated right ventricular failure. The diagnosis of AHF is primarily based on clinical signs and symptoms and is supported by appropriate diagnostic examinations. Emergency medical service management consists of simultaneous clinical evaluation, necessary diagnostic procedures, and the application of specific therapy. Depending on the patient’s condition, treatment includes oxygen therapy and a wide range of non-invasive ventilation modalities, while essential pharmacological treatment usually includes intravenous diuretics and vasodilators, depending on the blood pressure values and the degree of congestion. Early intravenous administration of loop diuretics is the basis of AHF treatment. Inotropes are indicated for hemodynamic stabilization of patients with low cardiac output and hypotension. Advanced therapy of AHF in cases of AHF refractory to conservative treatment involves the application of mechanical circulatory support modalities.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1847-6864</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1848-820X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.21860/medflum2024_321526</identifier><language>eng</language><ispartof>Medicina fluminensis, 2024-12, Vol.60 (4), p.402-419</ispartof><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27923,27924</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Ferri Certić, Ivana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Olujić, Vida</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Milas, Helena</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jerković, Petra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Meter, Mijo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Borovac, Josip Anđelo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Glavaš, Duška</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brdar, Ivan</creatorcontrib><title>Preporuke za dijagnostiku i liječenje akutnog zatajivanja srca</title><title>Medicina fluminensis</title><description>Zatajivanje srca klinički je sindrom koji obuhvaća simptome i znakove nastale uslijed porasta intrakardijalnih tlakova ili smanjenog minutnog volumena, što je uzrokovano strukturnim i/ili funkcionalnim abnormalnostima srca. Akutno zatajivanje srca (AZS) životno je ugrožavajuće stanje koje zahtijeva žurno zbrinjavanje u hitnoj medicinskoj službi, odnosno neplaniranu hospitalizaciju. Očituje se kroz četiri glavne kliničke prezentacije koje se često preklapaju, a to su akutno dekompenzirano srčano popuštanje, akutni plućni edem, kardiogeni šok i izolirano desnostrano srčano zatajenje. Dijagnoza AZS-a postavlja se prvenstveno na osnovi kliničkih znakova i simptoma te se potvrđuje odgovarajućim dijagnostičkim pretragama. Zbrinjavanje u okviru hitne medicinske službe sastoji se od istovremene kliničke procjene, nužne dijagnostičke obrade i primjene ciljane terapije. Ovisno o stanju bolesnika liječenje uključuje oksigenoterapiju te najčešće primjenu neinvazivnih ventilacijskih modaliteta, dok osnovna farmakološka terapija najčešće obuhvaća primjenu intravenskih diuretika i vazodilatatora, ovisno o vrijednostima arterijskog tlaka i stupnju kongestije. Rana intravenska primjena diuretika Henleove petlje temelj je liječenja AZS-a. Inotropi se primjenjuju za hemodinamsku stabilizaciju bolesnika s niskim minutnim volumenom srca te hipotenzijom. Napredno liječenje AZS-a u slučajevima AZS-a refrakternog na konzervativnu terapiju najčešće uključuje primjenu modaliteta mehaničke cirkulatorne potpore.
Heart failure is a clinical syndrome encompassing symptoms and signs resulting from an increase in intracardiac pressures or depressed cardiac output caused by structural and/or functional abnormalities of the heart. Acute heart failure (AHF) is a life-threatening condition that requires urgent care by the emergency medical service or unplanned hospitalization. Four main clinical presentations often overlap; these are acute decompensated heart failure, acute pulmonary edema, cardiogenic shock, and isolated right ventricular failure. The diagnosis of AHF is primarily based on clinical signs and symptoms and is supported by appropriate diagnostic examinations. Emergency medical service management consists of simultaneous clinical evaluation, necessary diagnostic procedures, and the application of specific therapy. Depending on the patient’s condition, treatment includes oxygen therapy and a wide range of non-invasive ventilation modalities, while essential pharmacological treatment usually includes intravenous diuretics and vasodilators, depending on the blood pressure values and the degree of congestion. Early intravenous administration of loop diuretics is the basis of AHF treatment. Inotropes are indicated for hemodynamic stabilization of patients with low cardiac output and hypotension. Advanced therapy of AHF in cases of AHF refractory to conservative treatment involves the application of mechanical circulatory support modalities.</description><issn>1847-6864</issn><issn>1848-820X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqdjr0KwjAURoMoWLRP4JIXqN6kbZrNQRRHBwe3cNG0JP0laQV9B9_KB1PEzc3pfMP54BCyYLDkTApY1fqSV0PNgScq5izlYkQCJhMZSQ6n8WdnkZAimZLQewsADOJEpFlA1genu9YNpaZ3pBdjsWha35tyoIZWxurnQzdWUyyHvmmLt9SjNVdsLFLvzjgnkxwrr8MvZyTebY-bfXR2rfdO56pzpkZ3UwzUJ1f95sb_vV4KwEzH</recordid><startdate>20241201</startdate><enddate>20241201</enddate><creator>Ferri Certić, Ivana</creator><creator>Olujić, Vida</creator><creator>Milas, Helena</creator><creator>Jerković, Petra</creator><creator>Meter, Mijo</creator><creator>Borovac, Josip Anđelo</creator><creator>Glavaš, Duška</creator><creator>Brdar, Ivan</creator><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20241201</creationdate><title>Preporuke za dijagnostiku i liječenje akutnog zatajivanja srca</title><author>Ferri Certić, Ivana ; Olujić, Vida ; Milas, Helena ; Jerković, Petra ; Meter, Mijo ; Borovac, Josip Anđelo ; Glavaš, Duška ; Brdar, Ivan</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-crossref_primary_10_21860_medflum2024_3215263</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Ferri Certić, Ivana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Olujić, Vida</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Milas, Helena</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jerković, Petra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Meter, Mijo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Borovac, Josip Anđelo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Glavaš, Duška</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brdar, Ivan</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><jtitle>Medicina fluminensis</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Ferri Certić, Ivana</au><au>Olujić, Vida</au><au>Milas, Helena</au><au>Jerković, Petra</au><au>Meter, Mijo</au><au>Borovac, Josip Anđelo</au><au>Glavaš, Duška</au><au>Brdar, Ivan</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Preporuke za dijagnostiku i liječenje akutnog zatajivanja srca</atitle><jtitle>Medicina fluminensis</jtitle><date>2024-12-01</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>60</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>402</spage><epage>419</epage><pages>402-419</pages><issn>1847-6864</issn><eissn>1848-820X</eissn><abstract>Zatajivanje srca klinički je sindrom koji obuhvaća simptome i znakove nastale uslijed porasta intrakardijalnih tlakova ili smanjenog minutnog volumena, što je uzrokovano strukturnim i/ili funkcionalnim abnormalnostima srca. Akutno zatajivanje srca (AZS) životno je ugrožavajuće stanje koje zahtijeva žurno zbrinjavanje u hitnoj medicinskoj službi, odnosno neplaniranu hospitalizaciju. Očituje se kroz četiri glavne kliničke prezentacije koje se često preklapaju, a to su akutno dekompenzirano srčano popuštanje, akutni plućni edem, kardiogeni šok i izolirano desnostrano srčano zatajenje. Dijagnoza AZS-a postavlja se prvenstveno na osnovi kliničkih znakova i simptoma te se potvrđuje odgovarajućim dijagnostičkim pretragama. Zbrinjavanje u okviru hitne medicinske službe sastoji se od istovremene kliničke procjene, nužne dijagnostičke obrade i primjene ciljane terapije. Ovisno o stanju bolesnika liječenje uključuje oksigenoterapiju te najčešće primjenu neinvazivnih ventilacijskih modaliteta, dok osnovna farmakološka terapija najčešće obuhvaća primjenu intravenskih diuretika i vazodilatatora, ovisno o vrijednostima arterijskog tlaka i stupnju kongestije. Rana intravenska primjena diuretika Henleove petlje temelj je liječenja AZS-a. Inotropi se primjenjuju za hemodinamsku stabilizaciju bolesnika s niskim minutnim volumenom srca te hipotenzijom. Napredno liječenje AZS-a u slučajevima AZS-a refrakternog na konzervativnu terapiju najčešće uključuje primjenu modaliteta mehaničke cirkulatorne potpore.
Heart failure is a clinical syndrome encompassing symptoms and signs resulting from an increase in intracardiac pressures or depressed cardiac output caused by structural and/or functional abnormalities of the heart. Acute heart failure (AHF) is a life-threatening condition that requires urgent care by the emergency medical service or unplanned hospitalization. Four main clinical presentations often overlap; these are acute decompensated heart failure, acute pulmonary edema, cardiogenic shock, and isolated right ventricular failure. The diagnosis of AHF is primarily based on clinical signs and symptoms and is supported by appropriate diagnostic examinations. Emergency medical service management consists of simultaneous clinical evaluation, necessary diagnostic procedures, and the application of specific therapy. Depending on the patient’s condition, treatment includes oxygen therapy and a wide range of non-invasive ventilation modalities, while essential pharmacological treatment usually includes intravenous diuretics and vasodilators, depending on the blood pressure values and the degree of congestion. Early intravenous administration of loop diuretics is the basis of AHF treatment. Inotropes are indicated for hemodynamic stabilization of patients with low cardiac output and hypotension. Advanced therapy of AHF in cases of AHF refractory to conservative treatment involves the application of mechanical circulatory support modalities.</abstract><doi>10.21860/medflum2024_321526</doi></addata></record> |
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title | Preporuke za dijagnostiku i liječenje akutnog zatajivanja srca |
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