Root Traits and Carbon Input in Field‐Grown Sweet Pearl Millet, Sweet Sorghum, and Grain Corn
Little information exists on root morphological characteristics of agricultural crops under field conditions, which can be a major determinant of plant N uptake efficiency and C input to soil. Sweet pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R.BR.] and sweet sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] are envi...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Agronomy journal 2016-01, Vol.108 (1), p.459-471 |
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| creator | Thivierge, Marie‐Noëlle Angers, Denis A. Chantigny, Martin H. Seguin, Philippe Vanasse, Anne |
| description | Little information exists on root morphological characteristics of agricultural crops under field conditions, which can be a major determinant of plant N uptake efficiency and C input to soil. Sweet pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R.BR.] and sweet sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] are envisioned as energy crops in eastern Canada, to complement corn starch ethanol. The aims of this study were to characterize and compare root biomass and root traits of field‐grown sweet pearl millet, sweet sorghum, and grain corn (Zea mays L.), and to estimate their annual C input to soil. At two sites in eastern Canada, root samples recovered from 30‐cm deep soil cores in sandy loams were weighed and scanned. Image analysis was performed with the WinRhizo software. Roots and shoots were analyzed for C concentration. Estimated C input to soil at harvest was higher for corn (243 g C m−2) than for sorghum and millet (197 and 131 g C m−2, respectively). In contrast, millet and sorghum had the greatest specific root lengths (83, 39, and 22 m g−1 for millet, sorghum, and corn, respectively), and a larger contribution of very fine roots ( |
| doi_str_mv | 10.2134/agronj2015.0291 |
| format | Article |
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Sweet pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R.BR.] and sweet sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] are envisioned as energy crops in eastern Canada, to complement corn starch ethanol. The aims of this study were to characterize and compare root biomass and root traits of field‐grown sweet pearl millet, sweet sorghum, and grain corn (Zea mays L.), and to estimate their annual C input to soil. At two sites in eastern Canada, root samples recovered from 30‐cm deep soil cores in sandy loams were weighed and scanned. Image analysis was performed with the WinRhizo software. Roots and shoots were analyzed for C concentration. Estimated C input to soil at harvest was higher for corn (243 g C m−2) than for sorghum and millet (197 and 131 g C m−2, respectively). In contrast, millet and sorghum had the greatest specific root lengths (83, 39, and 22 m g−1 for millet, sorghum, and corn, respectively), and a larger contribution of very fine roots (<0.5 mm diam.) to the total root surface (60–63% for millet and sorghum, and 45–55% for corn). The longer and finer roots of millet and sorghum could contribute to their high N uptake efficiency. However, compared to grain corn, their lower C input to soil needs to be recognized to ensure a balanced C budget.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0002-1962</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1435-0645</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.2134/agronj2015.0291</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>The American Society of Agronomy, Inc</publisher><subject>biomass ; Canada ; carbon ; Cenchrus americanus ; computer software ; corn ; corn starch ; energy crops ; ethanol ; fine roots ; image analysis ; millets ; shoots ; soil ; Sorghum bicolor ; sweet sorghum ; Zea mays</subject><ispartof>Agronomy journal, 2016-01, Vol.108 (1), p.459-471</ispartof><rights>2016 The Authors.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3711-f1509eb3a3dcf2ec07a5fde9010617e05a6d44e0c1ea17a7399743c05008ba743</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3711-f1509eb3a3dcf2ec07a5fde9010617e05a6d44e0c1ea17a7399743c05008ba743</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.2134%2Fagronj2015.0291$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.2134%2Fagronj2015.0291$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,1411,27903,27904,45553,45554</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Thivierge, Marie‐Noëlle</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Angers, Denis A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chantigny, Martin H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Seguin, Philippe</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vanasse, Anne</creatorcontrib><title>Root Traits and Carbon Input in Field‐Grown Sweet Pearl Millet, Sweet Sorghum, and Grain Corn</title><title>Agronomy journal</title><description>Little information exists on root morphological characteristics of agricultural crops under field conditions, which can be a major determinant of plant N uptake efficiency and C input to soil. Sweet pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R.BR.] and sweet sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] are envisioned as energy crops in eastern Canada, to complement corn starch ethanol. The aims of this study were to characterize and compare root biomass and root traits of field‐grown sweet pearl millet, sweet sorghum, and grain corn (Zea mays L.), and to estimate their annual C input to soil. At two sites in eastern Canada, root samples recovered from 30‐cm deep soil cores in sandy loams were weighed and scanned. Image analysis was performed with the WinRhizo software. Roots and shoots were analyzed for C concentration. Estimated C input to soil at harvest was higher for corn (243 g C m−2) than for sorghum and millet (197 and 131 g C m−2, respectively). In contrast, millet and sorghum had the greatest specific root lengths (83, 39, and 22 m g−1 for millet, sorghum, and corn, respectively), and a larger contribution of very fine roots (<0.5 mm diam.) to the total root surface (60–63% for millet and sorghum, and 45–55% for corn). The longer and finer roots of millet and sorghum could contribute to their high N uptake efficiency. However, compared to grain corn, their lower C input to soil needs to be recognized to ensure a balanced C budget.</description><subject>biomass</subject><subject>Canada</subject><subject>carbon</subject><subject>Cenchrus americanus</subject><subject>computer software</subject><subject>corn</subject><subject>corn starch</subject><subject>energy crops</subject><subject>ethanol</subject><subject>fine roots</subject><subject>image analysis</subject><subject>millets</subject><subject>shoots</subject><subject>soil</subject><subject>Sorghum bicolor</subject><subject>sweet sorghum</subject><subject>Zea mays</subject><issn>0002-1962</issn><issn>1435-0645</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>24P</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkL1OwzAUhS0EEqUws3pkIPTeOE7IhKoKAhV_omW23OSmpErtYiequvEIPCNPQv8kRqZ7dfSdbziMnSNchSiinp46a2YhoLyCMMUD1sFIyADiSB6yDgCEAaZxeMxOvJ8BIKYRdph6s7bhY6erxnNtCj7QbmINfzCLtuGV4XcV1cXP13fm7NLw0ZKo4a-kXc2fqrqm5nKfjaybfrTzy60kW_sMH1hnTtlRqWtPZ_vbZe93t-PBffD4kj0M-o9BLhLEoEQJKU2EFkVehpRDomVZUAoIMSYEUsdFFBHkSBoTnYg0TSKRgwS4nuj122UXO-_C2c-WfKPmlc-prrUh23oVRgJTACHlGu3t0NxZ7x2VauGquXYrhaA2U6q_KdVmynXjZtdYVjWt_sNVPxuG_ezt5Xm4ybaGX6Q5et0</recordid><startdate>201601</startdate><enddate>201601</enddate><creator>Thivierge, Marie‐Noëlle</creator><creator>Angers, Denis A.</creator><creator>Chantigny, Martin H.</creator><creator>Seguin, Philippe</creator><creator>Vanasse, Anne</creator><general>The American Society of Agronomy, Inc</general><scope>24P</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7S9</scope><scope>L.6</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201601</creationdate><title>Root Traits and Carbon Input in Field‐Grown Sweet Pearl Millet, Sweet Sorghum, and Grain Corn</title><author>Thivierge, Marie‐Noëlle ; Angers, Denis A. ; Chantigny, Martin H. ; Seguin, Philippe ; Vanasse, Anne</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3711-f1509eb3a3dcf2ec07a5fde9010617e05a6d44e0c1ea17a7399743c05008ba743</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2016</creationdate><topic>biomass</topic><topic>Canada</topic><topic>carbon</topic><topic>Cenchrus americanus</topic><topic>computer software</topic><topic>corn</topic><topic>corn starch</topic><topic>energy crops</topic><topic>ethanol</topic><topic>fine roots</topic><topic>image analysis</topic><topic>millets</topic><topic>shoots</topic><topic>soil</topic><topic>Sorghum bicolor</topic><topic>sweet sorghum</topic><topic>Zea mays</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Thivierge, Marie‐Noëlle</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Angers, Denis A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chantigny, Martin H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Seguin, Philippe</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vanasse, Anne</creatorcontrib><collection>Wiley Online Library Open Access</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>AGRICOLA</collection><collection>AGRICOLA - Academic</collection><jtitle>Agronomy journal</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Thivierge, Marie‐Noëlle</au><au>Angers, Denis A.</au><au>Chantigny, Martin H.</au><au>Seguin, Philippe</au><au>Vanasse, Anne</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Root Traits and Carbon Input in Field‐Grown Sweet Pearl Millet, Sweet Sorghum, and Grain Corn</atitle><jtitle>Agronomy journal</jtitle><date>2016-01</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>108</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>459</spage><epage>471</epage><pages>459-471</pages><issn>0002-1962</issn><eissn>1435-0645</eissn><abstract>Little information exists on root morphological characteristics of agricultural crops under field conditions, which can be a major determinant of plant N uptake efficiency and C input to soil. Sweet pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R.BR.] and sweet sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] are envisioned as energy crops in eastern Canada, to complement corn starch ethanol. The aims of this study were to characterize and compare root biomass and root traits of field‐grown sweet pearl millet, sweet sorghum, and grain corn (Zea mays L.), and to estimate their annual C input to soil. At two sites in eastern Canada, root samples recovered from 30‐cm deep soil cores in sandy loams were weighed and scanned. Image analysis was performed with the WinRhizo software. Roots and shoots were analyzed for C concentration. Estimated C input to soil at harvest was higher for corn (243 g C m−2) than for sorghum and millet (197 and 131 g C m−2, respectively). In contrast, millet and sorghum had the greatest specific root lengths (83, 39, and 22 m g−1 for millet, sorghum, and corn, respectively), and a larger contribution of very fine roots (<0.5 mm diam.) to the total root surface (60–63% for millet and sorghum, and 45–55% for corn). The longer and finer roots of millet and sorghum could contribute to their high N uptake efficiency. However, compared to grain corn, their lower C input to soil needs to be recognized to ensure a balanced C budget.</abstract><pub>The American Society of Agronomy, Inc</pub><doi>10.2134/agronj2015.0291</doi><tpages>13</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete |
| subjects | biomass Canada carbon Cenchrus americanus computer software corn corn starch energy crops ethanol fine roots image analysis millets shoots soil Sorghum bicolor sweet sorghum Zea mays |
| title | Root Traits and Carbon Input in Field‐Grown Sweet Pearl Millet, Sweet Sorghum, and Grain Corn |
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