Influence of Process Parameters on Electrochemical Removal of Indole: Response Surface Methodology, Mechanism and Energy Consumption

In this study, the degradation of indole wastewater by a tin-antimony anode (Ti/SnO2-Sb) modified by carbon nanotubes (CNTs) was evaluated in an electrochemical oxidation system. The Box-Behnken design with response surface methodology was proposed to evaluate the effects of current density, Na2SO4...

Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:
Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:International journal of electrochemical science 2021-03, Vol.16 (3), p.21039, Article 21039
Hauptverfasser: Wang, Haidong, He, Lei, Chen, Xiaoya, Gao, Kangle, Lu, Bote, Wang, Chunrong, Cheng, Jin, Fu, Enkai, Hu, Xin
Format: Artikel
Sprache:eng
Schlagworte:
Online-Zugang:Volltext
Tags: Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
container_end_page
container_issue 3
container_start_page 21039
container_title International journal of electrochemical science
container_volume 16
creator Wang, Haidong
He, Lei
Chen, Xiaoya
Gao, Kangle
Lu, Bote
Wang, Chunrong
Cheng, Jin
Fu, Enkai
Hu, Xin
description In this study, the degradation of indole wastewater by a tin-antimony anode (Ti/SnO2-Sb) modified by carbon nanotubes (CNTs) was evaluated in an electrochemical oxidation system. The Box-Behnken design with response surface methodology was proposed to evaluate the effects of current density, Na2SO4 concentration, and initial pH on the total organic carbon (TOC) removal rate. Subsequently, the process of indole degradation was optimized. Under optimal conditions (current density of 23.43 mA/cm2, Na2SO4 concentration of 45.44 mmol/L, and initial pH of 9.49), the TOC removal rate reached 95.36%. Further, the electrochemical oxidation of indole at the Ti/SnO2-Sb-CNTs anode was determined to be caused by hydroxyl and sulfate radicals using radical scavenger experiments and a mechanism analysis. The energy consumption of the electrochemical oxidation of indole was 392.74 kWh/kgTOC, and the mineralization current efficiency at 10 min was 40.40%. It would provide a reference for the engineering application of advanced treatment of industrial wastewater.
doi_str_mv 10.20964/2021.03.54
format Article
fullrecord <record><control><sourceid>elsevier_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_crossref_primary_10_20964_2021_03_54</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><els_id>S1452398123029887</els_id><sourcerecordid>S1452398123029887</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c279t-b378031f9d7237d2689828ccbb116fb0a59284670cbd2cfea6e9ece113a892c33</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNptUMtKAzEUDaJg0a78gex1ah7zijspVQsVi491yGRu2shMUpJpoXs_3NS6cOHdnPs453A5CF1RMmFElPktI4xOCJ8U-Qka0bxgGRc1Pf3Tn6NxjJ8kVS54XlUj9DV3ptuC04C9wcvgNcSIlyqoHgYIEXuHZx3oIV3W0FutOvwKvd8lTIK5a30Hd2kVN95FwG_bYFQye4Zh7dPNr_Y3adBr5WzssXItnjkIqz2eJv623wzWu0t0ZlQXYfyLF-jjYfY-fcoWL4_z6f0i06wSQ9bwqiacGtFWjFctK2tRs1rrpqG0NA1RhWB1XlZENy3TBlQJAjRQylUtmOb8Al0ffXXwMQYwchNsr8JeUiJ_MpSHDCXhssgTuziyIb20sxBk1PaQVGtDCkS23v6r-wZx93dQ</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype></control><display><type>article</type><title>Influence of Process Parameters on Electrochemical Removal of Indole: Response Surface Methodology, Mechanism and Energy Consumption</title><source>EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals</source><source>Alma/SFX Local Collection</source><source>Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry</source><creator>Wang, Haidong ; He, Lei ; Chen, Xiaoya ; Gao, Kangle ; Lu, Bote ; Wang, Chunrong ; Cheng, Jin ; Fu, Enkai ; Hu, Xin</creator><creatorcontrib>Wang, Haidong ; He, Lei ; Chen, Xiaoya ; Gao, Kangle ; Lu, Bote ; Wang, Chunrong ; Cheng, Jin ; Fu, Enkai ; Hu, Xin</creatorcontrib><description>In this study, the degradation of indole wastewater by a tin-antimony anode (Ti/SnO2-Sb) modified by carbon nanotubes (CNTs) was evaluated in an electrochemical oxidation system. The Box-Behnken design with response surface methodology was proposed to evaluate the effects of current density, Na2SO4 concentration, and initial pH on the total organic carbon (TOC) removal rate. Subsequently, the process of indole degradation was optimized. Under optimal conditions (current density of 23.43 mA/cm2, Na2SO4 concentration of 45.44 mmol/L, and initial pH of 9.49), the TOC removal rate reached 95.36%. Further, the electrochemical oxidation of indole at the Ti/SnO2-Sb-CNTs anode was determined to be caused by hydroxyl and sulfate radicals using radical scavenger experiments and a mechanism analysis. The energy consumption of the electrochemical oxidation of indole was 392.74 kWh/kgTOC, and the mineralization current efficiency at 10 min was 40.40%. It would provide a reference for the engineering application of advanced treatment of industrial wastewater.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1452-3981</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1452-3981</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.20964/2021.03.54</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>energy consumption ; indole ; mechanism ; response surface methodology ; Ti/SnO2-Sb-CNTs anode</subject><ispartof>International journal of electrochemical science, 2021-03, Vol.16 (3), p.21039, Article 21039</ispartof><rights>2021 The Authors. Published by ESG</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c279t-b378031f9d7237d2689828ccbb116fb0a59284670cbd2cfea6e9ece113a892c33</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c279t-b378031f9d7237d2689828ccbb116fb0a59284670cbd2cfea6e9ece113a892c33</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Wang, Haidong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>He, Lei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Xiaoya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gao, Kangle</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lu, Bote</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Chunrong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cheng, Jin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fu, Enkai</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hu, Xin</creatorcontrib><title>Influence of Process Parameters on Electrochemical Removal of Indole: Response Surface Methodology, Mechanism and Energy Consumption</title><title>International journal of electrochemical science</title><description>In this study, the degradation of indole wastewater by a tin-antimony anode (Ti/SnO2-Sb) modified by carbon nanotubes (CNTs) was evaluated in an electrochemical oxidation system. The Box-Behnken design with response surface methodology was proposed to evaluate the effects of current density, Na2SO4 concentration, and initial pH on the total organic carbon (TOC) removal rate. Subsequently, the process of indole degradation was optimized. Under optimal conditions (current density of 23.43 mA/cm2, Na2SO4 concentration of 45.44 mmol/L, and initial pH of 9.49), the TOC removal rate reached 95.36%. Further, the electrochemical oxidation of indole at the Ti/SnO2-Sb-CNTs anode was determined to be caused by hydroxyl and sulfate radicals using radical scavenger experiments and a mechanism analysis. The energy consumption of the electrochemical oxidation of indole was 392.74 kWh/kgTOC, and the mineralization current efficiency at 10 min was 40.40%. It would provide a reference for the engineering application of advanced treatment of industrial wastewater.</description><subject>energy consumption</subject><subject>indole</subject><subject>mechanism</subject><subject>response surface methodology</subject><subject>Ti/SnO2-Sb-CNTs anode</subject><issn>1452-3981</issn><issn>1452-3981</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNptUMtKAzEUDaJg0a78gex1ah7zijspVQsVi491yGRu2shMUpJpoXs_3NS6cOHdnPs453A5CF1RMmFElPktI4xOCJ8U-Qka0bxgGRc1Pf3Tn6NxjJ8kVS54XlUj9DV3ptuC04C9wcvgNcSIlyqoHgYIEXuHZx3oIV3W0FutOvwKvd8lTIK5a30Hd2kVN95FwG_bYFQye4Zh7dPNr_Y3adBr5WzssXItnjkIqz2eJv623wzWu0t0ZlQXYfyLF-jjYfY-fcoWL4_z6f0i06wSQ9bwqiacGtFWjFctK2tRs1rrpqG0NA1RhWB1XlZENy3TBlQJAjRQylUtmOb8Al0ffXXwMQYwchNsr8JeUiJ_MpSHDCXhssgTuziyIb20sxBk1PaQVGtDCkS23v6r-wZx93dQ</recordid><startdate>20210301</startdate><enddate>20210301</enddate><creator>Wang, Haidong</creator><creator>He, Lei</creator><creator>Chen, Xiaoya</creator><creator>Gao, Kangle</creator><creator>Lu, Bote</creator><creator>Wang, Chunrong</creator><creator>Cheng, Jin</creator><creator>Fu, Enkai</creator><creator>Hu, Xin</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><scope>6I.</scope><scope>AAFTH</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20210301</creationdate><title>Influence of Process Parameters on Electrochemical Removal of Indole: Response Surface Methodology, Mechanism and Energy Consumption</title><author>Wang, Haidong ; He, Lei ; Chen, Xiaoya ; Gao, Kangle ; Lu, Bote ; Wang, Chunrong ; Cheng, Jin ; Fu, Enkai ; Hu, Xin</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c279t-b378031f9d7237d2689828ccbb116fb0a59284670cbd2cfea6e9ece113a892c33</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>energy consumption</topic><topic>indole</topic><topic>mechanism</topic><topic>response surface methodology</topic><topic>Ti/SnO2-Sb-CNTs anode</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Wang, Haidong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>He, Lei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Xiaoya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gao, Kangle</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lu, Bote</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Chunrong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cheng, Jin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fu, Enkai</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hu, Xin</creatorcontrib><collection>ScienceDirect Open Access Titles</collection><collection>Elsevier:ScienceDirect:Open Access</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><jtitle>International journal of electrochemical science</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Wang, Haidong</au><au>He, Lei</au><au>Chen, Xiaoya</au><au>Gao, Kangle</au><au>Lu, Bote</au><au>Wang, Chunrong</au><au>Cheng, Jin</au><au>Fu, Enkai</au><au>Hu, Xin</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Influence of Process Parameters on Electrochemical Removal of Indole: Response Surface Methodology, Mechanism and Energy Consumption</atitle><jtitle>International journal of electrochemical science</jtitle><date>2021-03-01</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>16</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>21039</spage><pages>21039-</pages><artnum>21039</artnum><issn>1452-3981</issn><eissn>1452-3981</eissn><abstract>In this study, the degradation of indole wastewater by a tin-antimony anode (Ti/SnO2-Sb) modified by carbon nanotubes (CNTs) was evaluated in an electrochemical oxidation system. The Box-Behnken design with response surface methodology was proposed to evaluate the effects of current density, Na2SO4 concentration, and initial pH on the total organic carbon (TOC) removal rate. Subsequently, the process of indole degradation was optimized. Under optimal conditions (current density of 23.43 mA/cm2, Na2SO4 concentration of 45.44 mmol/L, and initial pH of 9.49), the TOC removal rate reached 95.36%. Further, the electrochemical oxidation of indole at the Ti/SnO2-Sb-CNTs anode was determined to be caused by hydroxyl and sulfate radicals using radical scavenger experiments and a mechanism analysis. The energy consumption of the electrochemical oxidation of indole was 392.74 kWh/kgTOC, and the mineralization current efficiency at 10 min was 40.40%. It would provide a reference for the engineering application of advanced treatment of industrial wastewater.</abstract><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><doi>10.20964/2021.03.54</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
fulltext fulltext
identifier ISSN: 1452-3981
ispartof International journal of electrochemical science, 2021-03, Vol.16 (3), p.21039, Article 21039
issn 1452-3981
1452-3981
language eng
recordid cdi_crossref_primary_10_20964_2021_03_54
source EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; Alma/SFX Local Collection; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry
subjects energy consumption
indole
mechanism
response surface methodology
Ti/SnO2-Sb-CNTs anode
title Influence of Process Parameters on Electrochemical Removal of Indole: Response Surface Methodology, Mechanism and Energy Consumption
url https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-24T22%3A50%3A01IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-elsevier_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Influence%20of%20Process%20Parameters%20on%20Electrochemical%20Removal%20of%20Indole:%20Response%20Surface%20Methodology,%20Mechanism%20and%20Energy%20Consumption&rft.jtitle=International%20journal%20of%20electrochemical%20science&rft.au=Wang,%20Haidong&rft.date=2021-03-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=21039&rft.pages=21039-&rft.artnum=21039&rft.issn=1452-3981&rft.eissn=1452-3981&rft_id=info:doi/10.20964/2021.03.54&rft_dat=%3Celsevier_cross%3ES1452398123029887%3C/elsevier_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_id=info:pmid/&rft_els_id=S1452398123029887&rfr_iscdi=true