Diagnosis of Zinc Phosphide Poisoning in Chickens Using a New Analytical Approach
Approximately 200 chickens were found dead after the flooring of a slat-and-litter house was breached. No clinical signs of illness were observed in the surviving birds. During necropsy, rolled oats were found in the chickens' crops and gizzards, and the contents had a petroleum-like odor. Hist...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Avian diseases 2005-06, Vol.49 (2), p.288-291 |
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| creator | Tiwary, Asheesh K Puschner, Birgit Charlton, Bruce R Filigenzi, Michael S |
| description | Approximately 200 chickens were found dead after the flooring of a slat-and-litter house was breached. No clinical signs of illness were observed in the surviving birds. During necropsy, rolled oats were found in the chickens' crops and gizzards, and the contents had a petroleum-like odor. Histopathologic examination revealed severe pulmonary edema and congestion of the chickens' lungs, hearts, livers, and kidneys. Based on the history and necropsy findings, zinc phosphide exposure was suspected. Diagnosis of zinc phosphide poisoning has previously been based on history of exposure, identification of the bait material in the gastrointestinal tract, and chemical detection of phosphine gas. However, currently available diagnostic methods are nonconfirmatory, and may produce false positive results. The objective of this case report was to determine whether the sudden death described in these chickens was caused by the ingestion of zinc phosphide, by developing a sensitive and highly specific gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) methodology for analysis of the gastrointestinal samples submitted to the laboratory. It was also found that the determination of zinc concentrations in liver or kidney tissue or stomach contents is not a reliable indicator of zinc phosphide poisoning. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1637/7275-090804R |
| format | Article |
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No clinical signs of illness were observed in the surviving birds. During necropsy, rolled oats were found in the chickens' crops and gizzards, and the contents had a petroleum-like odor. Histopathologic examination revealed severe pulmonary edema and congestion of the chickens' lungs, hearts, livers, and kidneys. Based on the history and necropsy findings, zinc phosphide exposure was suspected. Diagnosis of zinc phosphide poisoning has previously been based on history of exposure, identification of the bait material in the gastrointestinal tract, and chemical detection of phosphine gas. However, currently available diagnostic methods are nonconfirmatory, and may produce false positive results. The objective of this case report was to determine whether the sudden death described in these chickens was caused by the ingestion of zinc phosphide, by developing a sensitive and highly specific gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) methodology for analysis of the gastrointestinal samples submitted to the laboratory. It was also found that the determination of zinc concentrations in liver or kidney tissue or stomach contents is not a reliable indicator of zinc phosphide poisoning.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0005-2086</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1938-4351</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1637/7275-090804R</identifier><identifier>PMID: 16094837</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: American Association of Avian Pathologists, Inc</publisher><subject>analysis ; Animals ; bait ; broiler breeders ; Case Reports ; chicken ; Chickens ; Crop, Avian - chemistry ; diagnostic techniques ; digesta ; disease diagnosis ; Evaluation Studies as Topic ; Fatal Outcome ; gas chromatography ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry - methods ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry - veterinary ; gases ; Gastrointestinal Contents - chemistry ; Gizzard ; Gizzard, Avian - chemistry ; hens ; histopathology ; Kidney - chemistry ; Kidneys ; Liver ; Liver - chemistry ; mass spectrometry ; Phosphides ; phosphine ; Phosphines ; Phosphines - poisoning ; Poisoning ; Poisoning - diagnosis ; Poisoning - veterinary ; poultry diseases ; Poultry Diseases - diagnosis ; rodenticide ; symptoms ; Toxicity ; Toxicology ; Zinc ; Zinc Compounds - poisoning ; zinc phosphide</subject><ispartof>Avian diseases, 2005-06, Vol.49 (2), p.288-291</ispartof><rights>American Association of Avian Pathologists</rights><rights>Copyright 2005 The American Association of Avian Pathologists, Inc.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-b369t-7df3c173c4e7c28f0da3a7dc8d8f901db6a3010fd59903762569b5229d1b4ca3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-b369t-7df3c173c4e7c28f0da3a7dc8d8f901db6a3010fd59903762569b5229d1b4ca3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://bioone.org/doi/pdf/10.1637/7275-090804R$$EPDF$$P50$$Gbioone$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/1593581$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>315,781,785,804,26983,27929,27930,52368,58022,58255</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16094837$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Tiwary, Asheesh K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Puschner, Birgit</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Charlton, Bruce R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Filigenzi, Michael S</creatorcontrib><title>Diagnosis of Zinc Phosphide Poisoning in Chickens Using a New Analytical Approach</title><title>Avian diseases</title><addtitle>Avian Dis</addtitle><description>Approximately 200 chickens were found dead after the flooring of a slat-and-litter house was breached. No clinical signs of illness were observed in the surviving birds. During necropsy, rolled oats were found in the chickens' crops and gizzards, and the contents had a petroleum-like odor. Histopathologic examination revealed severe pulmonary edema and congestion of the chickens' lungs, hearts, livers, and kidneys. Based on the history and necropsy findings, zinc phosphide exposure was suspected. Diagnosis of zinc phosphide poisoning has previously been based on history of exposure, identification of the bait material in the gastrointestinal tract, and chemical detection of phosphine gas. However, currently available diagnostic methods are nonconfirmatory, and may produce false positive results. The objective of this case report was to determine whether the sudden death described in these chickens was caused by the ingestion of zinc phosphide, by developing a sensitive and highly specific gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) methodology for analysis of the gastrointestinal samples submitted to the laboratory. It was also found that the determination of zinc concentrations in liver or kidney tissue or stomach contents is not a reliable indicator of zinc phosphide poisoning.</description><subject>analysis</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>bait</subject><subject>broiler breeders</subject><subject>Case Reports</subject><subject>chicken</subject><subject>Chickens</subject><subject>Crop, Avian - chemistry</subject><subject>diagnostic techniques</subject><subject>digesta</subject><subject>disease diagnosis</subject><subject>Evaluation Studies as Topic</subject><subject>Fatal Outcome</subject><subject>gas chromatography</subject><subject>Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry - methods</subject><subject>Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry - veterinary</subject><subject>gases</subject><subject>Gastrointestinal Contents - chemistry</subject><subject>Gizzard</subject><subject>Gizzard, Avian - chemistry</subject><subject>hens</subject><subject>histopathology</subject><subject>Kidney - chemistry</subject><subject>Kidneys</subject><subject>Liver</subject><subject>Liver - chemistry</subject><subject>mass spectrometry</subject><subject>Phosphides</subject><subject>phosphine</subject><subject>Phosphines</subject><subject>Phosphines - poisoning</subject><subject>Poisoning</subject><subject>Poisoning - diagnosis</subject><subject>Poisoning - veterinary</subject><subject>poultry diseases</subject><subject>Poultry Diseases - diagnosis</subject><subject>rodenticide</subject><subject>symptoms</subject><subject>Toxicity</subject><subject>Toxicology</subject><subject>Zinc</subject><subject>Zinc Compounds - poisoning</subject><subject>zinc phosphide</subject><issn>0005-2086</issn><issn>1938-4351</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2005</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kM9LwzAYhoMobk5vHkVzFqtfmjZpjmP-hKFTt4uXkibpmrklpZnI_ntXOtjN0wff-_Dy8iB0TuCWMMrveMzTCARkkHwcoD4RNIsSmpJD1AeANIohYz10EsICgHDB4Bj1CAORZJT30fu9lXPngw3Yl_jLOoUnlQ91ZbXBE2-Dd9bNsXV4VFn1bVzAs9B-JH41v3jo5HKztkou8bCuGy9VdYqOSrkM5mx3B2j6-DAdPUfjt6eX0XAcFZSJdcR1SRXhVCWGqzgrQUsquVaZzkoBRBdMUiBQ6lQIoJzFKRNFGsdCkyJRkg7QTVerGh9CY8q8buxKNpucQN6KyVsx-U7MFr_s8PqnWBm9h3cmtsBFByzC2jf7PBU0zcg2vuriUvpczhsb8tlnDKTdCJSylrjuiMJ678z_c_4AnLl8kw</recordid><startdate>20050601</startdate><enddate>20050601</enddate><creator>Tiwary, Asheesh K</creator><creator>Puschner, Birgit</creator><creator>Charlton, Bruce R</creator><creator>Filigenzi, Michael S</creator><general>American Association of Avian Pathologists, Inc</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20050601</creationdate><title>Diagnosis of Zinc Phosphide Poisoning in Chickens Using a New Analytical Approach</title><author>Tiwary, Asheesh K ; Puschner, Birgit ; Charlton, Bruce R ; Filigenzi, Michael S</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-b369t-7df3c173c4e7c28f0da3a7dc8d8f901db6a3010fd59903762569b5229d1b4ca3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2005</creationdate><topic>analysis</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>bait</topic><topic>broiler breeders</topic><topic>Case Reports</topic><topic>chicken</topic><topic>Chickens</topic><topic>Crop, Avian - chemistry</topic><topic>diagnostic techniques</topic><topic>digesta</topic><topic>disease diagnosis</topic><topic>Evaluation Studies as Topic</topic><topic>Fatal Outcome</topic><topic>gas chromatography</topic><topic>Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry - methods</topic><topic>Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry - veterinary</topic><topic>gases</topic><topic>Gastrointestinal Contents - chemistry</topic><topic>Gizzard</topic><topic>Gizzard, Avian - chemistry</topic><topic>hens</topic><topic>histopathology</topic><topic>Kidney - chemistry</topic><topic>Kidneys</topic><topic>Liver</topic><topic>Liver - chemistry</topic><topic>mass spectrometry</topic><topic>Phosphides</topic><topic>phosphine</topic><topic>Phosphines</topic><topic>Phosphines - poisoning</topic><topic>Poisoning</topic><topic>Poisoning - diagnosis</topic><topic>Poisoning - veterinary</topic><topic>poultry diseases</topic><topic>Poultry Diseases - diagnosis</topic><topic>rodenticide</topic><topic>symptoms</topic><topic>Toxicity</topic><topic>Toxicology</topic><topic>Zinc</topic><topic>Zinc Compounds - poisoning</topic><topic>zinc phosphide</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Tiwary, Asheesh K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Puschner, Birgit</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Charlton, Bruce R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Filigenzi, Michael S</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><jtitle>Avian diseases</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Tiwary, Asheesh K</au><au>Puschner, Birgit</au><au>Charlton, Bruce R</au><au>Filigenzi, Michael S</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Diagnosis of Zinc Phosphide Poisoning in Chickens Using a New Analytical Approach</atitle><jtitle>Avian diseases</jtitle><addtitle>Avian Dis</addtitle><date>2005-06-01</date><risdate>2005</risdate><volume>49</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>288</spage><epage>291</epage><pages>288-291</pages><issn>0005-2086</issn><eissn>1938-4351</eissn><abstract>Approximately 200 chickens were found dead after the flooring of a slat-and-litter house was breached. No clinical signs of illness were observed in the surviving birds. During necropsy, rolled oats were found in the chickens' crops and gizzards, and the contents had a petroleum-like odor. Histopathologic examination revealed severe pulmonary edema and congestion of the chickens' lungs, hearts, livers, and kidneys. Based on the history and necropsy findings, zinc phosphide exposure was suspected. Diagnosis of zinc phosphide poisoning has previously been based on history of exposure, identification of the bait material in the gastrointestinal tract, and chemical detection of phosphine gas. However, currently available diagnostic methods are nonconfirmatory, and may produce false positive results. The objective of this case report was to determine whether the sudden death described in these chickens was caused by the ingestion of zinc phosphide, by developing a sensitive and highly specific gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) methodology for analysis of the gastrointestinal samples submitted to the laboratory. It was also found that the determination of zinc concentrations in liver or kidney tissue or stomach contents is not a reliable indicator of zinc phosphide poisoning.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>American Association of Avian Pathologists, Inc</pub><pmid>16094837</pmid><doi>10.1637/7275-090804R</doi><tpages>4</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Avian diseases, 2005-06, Vol.49 (2), p.288-291 |
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| subjects | analysis Animals bait broiler breeders Case Reports chicken Chickens Crop, Avian - chemistry diagnostic techniques digesta disease diagnosis Evaluation Studies as Topic Fatal Outcome gas chromatography Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry - methods Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry - veterinary gases Gastrointestinal Contents - chemistry Gizzard Gizzard, Avian - chemistry hens histopathology Kidney - chemistry Kidneys Liver Liver - chemistry mass spectrometry Phosphides phosphine Phosphines Phosphines - poisoning Poisoning Poisoning - diagnosis Poisoning - veterinary poultry diseases Poultry Diseases - diagnosis rodenticide symptoms Toxicity Toxicology Zinc Zinc Compounds - poisoning zinc phosphide |
| title | Diagnosis of Zinc Phosphide Poisoning in Chickens Using a New Analytical Approach |
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