Degradation of Sulfamethoxazole by Electrochemically Activated Persulfate Using Iron Anode
In this study, sulfamethoxazole (SMX) was removed by electrochemically activated persulfate using iron anode. Different oxidation processes (persulfate alone, Fe /persulfate, electrolysis alone, electrochemically/Persulfate) were investigated, the results showed SMX could be more efficiently degrade...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | International journal of chemical reactor engineering 2019-02, Vol.17 (2) |
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| creator | Zheng, Lei Jin, Hui Yu, Men Zhongwei, Qi Zhang, Lingling Shikun, Cheng Li, Zifu |
| description | In this study, sulfamethoxazole (SMX) was removed by electrochemically activated persulfate using iron anode. Different oxidation processes (persulfate alone, Fe
/persulfate, electrolysis alone, electrochemically/Persulfate) were investigated, the results showed SMX could be more efficiently degraded under the electrochemically/Persulfate system. Central composite design (CCD) based Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize and elucidate the individual and interactive effects of independent variables on the degradation kinetics of sulfamethoxazole. The maximum kinetics was predicted by CCD as pH 3.6, 18 mA applied current and 3.55 mM/L persulfate concentration. The results of free-radical scavenging experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) indicated that both
and HO· were responsible for the degradation of SMX. The inhibition of methanol (MeOH) was lower than tertiary butanol (TBA), due to the generation of methanol radical (·CH
OH), which promoted the reduction of Fe
to Fe
. LC-ESI-TOF-MS analysis was done on SMX and its intermediates. The SMX degradation pathway during the electrochemical treatment was proposed. In addition, two typical inorganic anions (
) were investigated and the inhibitory effect of
was more obvious. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1515/ijcre-2018-0160 |
| format | Article |
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/persulfate, electrolysis alone, electrochemically/Persulfate) were investigated, the results showed SMX could be more efficiently degraded under the electrochemically/Persulfate system. Central composite design (CCD) based Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize and elucidate the individual and interactive effects of independent variables on the degradation kinetics of sulfamethoxazole. The maximum kinetics was predicted by CCD as pH 3.6, 18 mA applied current and 3.55 mM/L persulfate concentration. The results of free-radical scavenging experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) indicated that both
and HO· were responsible for the degradation of SMX. The inhibition of methanol (MeOH) was lower than tertiary butanol (TBA), due to the generation of methanol radical (·CH
OH), which promoted the reduction of Fe
to Fe
. LC-ESI-TOF-MS analysis was done on SMX and its intermediates. The SMX degradation pathway during the electrochemical treatment was proposed. In addition, two typical inorganic anions (
) were investigated and the inhibitory effect of
was more obvious.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1542-6580</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1542-6580</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1515/ijcre-2018-0160</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>De Gruyter</publisher><subject>electrochemically ; free radical ; iron anode ; persulfate ; Sulfamethoxazole degradation</subject><ispartof>International journal of chemical reactor engineering, 2019-02, Vol.17 (2)</ispartof><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c292t-ce0cd86f667fa96fd157d617c6443dce704e825c0bb92d8ce2033e8054ffd19f3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c292t-ce0cd86f667fa96fd157d617c6443dce704e825c0bb92d8ce2033e8054ffd19f3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/ijcre-2018-0160/pdf$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwalterdegruyter$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/ijcre-2018-0160/html$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwalterdegruyter$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902,66725,68509</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Zheng, Lei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jin, Hui</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yu, Men</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhongwei, Qi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Lingling</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shikun, Cheng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Zifu</creatorcontrib><title>Degradation of Sulfamethoxazole by Electrochemically Activated Persulfate Using Iron Anode</title><title>International journal of chemical reactor engineering</title><description>In this study, sulfamethoxazole (SMX) was removed by electrochemically activated persulfate using iron anode. Different oxidation processes (persulfate alone, Fe
/persulfate, electrolysis alone, electrochemically/Persulfate) were investigated, the results showed SMX could be more efficiently degraded under the electrochemically/Persulfate system. Central composite design (CCD) based Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize and elucidate the individual and interactive effects of independent variables on the degradation kinetics of sulfamethoxazole. The maximum kinetics was predicted by CCD as pH 3.6, 18 mA applied current and 3.55 mM/L persulfate concentration. The results of free-radical scavenging experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) indicated that both
and HO· were responsible for the degradation of SMX. The inhibition of methanol (MeOH) was lower than tertiary butanol (TBA), due to the generation of methanol radical (·CH
OH), which promoted the reduction of Fe
to Fe
. LC-ESI-TOF-MS analysis was done on SMX and its intermediates. The SMX degradation pathway during the electrochemical treatment was proposed. In addition, two typical inorganic anions (
) were investigated and the inhibitory effect of
was more obvious.</description><subject>electrochemically</subject><subject>free radical</subject><subject>iron anode</subject><subject>persulfate</subject><subject>Sulfamethoxazole degradation</subject><issn>1542-6580</issn><issn>1542-6580</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2019</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp1kLFOwzAURS0EEqUws_oHArYTOwlbVQpUqgQSdGGxXPu5TeXGyHaB8PUklIGF6d3hnaurg9AlJVeUU37dbHWAjBFaZYQKcoRGlBcsE7wix3_yKTqLcUsIrTmnI_R6C-ugjEqNb7G3-HnvrNpB2vhP9eUd4FWHZw50Cl5vYNdo5VyHJzo17yqBwU8Q4oAkwMvYtGs8D33RpPUGztGJVS7Cxe8do-Xd7GX6kC0e7-fTySLTrGYp00C0qYQVorSqFtZQXhpBSy2KIjcaSlJAxbgmq1XNTKWBkTyHivDC9r-1zcfo-tCrg48xgJVvodmp0ElK5KBG_qiRgxo5qOmJmwPxoVyCYHoF-64Pcuv3oe23_kfSkuXfuF9tkA</recordid><startdate>20190226</startdate><enddate>20190226</enddate><creator>Zheng, Lei</creator><creator>Jin, Hui</creator><creator>Yu, Men</creator><creator>Zhongwei, Qi</creator><creator>Zhang, Lingling</creator><creator>Shikun, Cheng</creator><creator>Li, Zifu</creator><general>De Gruyter</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20190226</creationdate><title>Degradation of Sulfamethoxazole by Electrochemically Activated Persulfate Using Iron Anode</title><author>Zheng, Lei ; Jin, Hui ; Yu, Men ; Zhongwei, Qi ; Zhang, Lingling ; Shikun, Cheng ; Li, Zifu</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c292t-ce0cd86f667fa96fd157d617c6443dce704e825c0bb92d8ce2033e8054ffd19f3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2019</creationdate><topic>electrochemically</topic><topic>free radical</topic><topic>iron anode</topic><topic>persulfate</topic><topic>Sulfamethoxazole degradation</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Zheng, Lei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jin, Hui</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yu, Men</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhongwei, Qi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Lingling</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shikun, Cheng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Zifu</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><jtitle>International journal of chemical reactor engineering</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Zheng, Lei</au><au>Jin, Hui</au><au>Yu, Men</au><au>Zhongwei, Qi</au><au>Zhang, Lingling</au><au>Shikun, Cheng</au><au>Li, Zifu</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Degradation of Sulfamethoxazole by Electrochemically Activated Persulfate Using Iron Anode</atitle><jtitle>International journal of chemical reactor engineering</jtitle><date>2019-02-26</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>17</volume><issue>2</issue><issn>1542-6580</issn><eissn>1542-6580</eissn><abstract>In this study, sulfamethoxazole (SMX) was removed by electrochemically activated persulfate using iron anode. Different oxidation processes (persulfate alone, Fe
/persulfate, electrolysis alone, electrochemically/Persulfate) were investigated, the results showed SMX could be more efficiently degraded under the electrochemically/Persulfate system. Central composite design (CCD) based Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize and elucidate the individual and interactive effects of independent variables on the degradation kinetics of sulfamethoxazole. The maximum kinetics was predicted by CCD as pH 3.6, 18 mA applied current and 3.55 mM/L persulfate concentration. The results of free-radical scavenging experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) indicated that both
and HO· were responsible for the degradation of SMX. The inhibition of methanol (MeOH) was lower than tertiary butanol (TBA), due to the generation of methanol radical (·CH
OH), which promoted the reduction of Fe
to Fe
. LC-ESI-TOF-MS analysis was done on SMX and its intermediates. The SMX degradation pathway during the electrochemical treatment was proposed. In addition, two typical inorganic anions (
) were investigated and the inhibitory effect of
was more obvious.</abstract><pub>De Gruyter</pub><doi>10.1515/ijcre-2018-0160</doi><tpages>14</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | electrochemically free radical iron anode persulfate Sulfamethoxazole degradation |
| title | Degradation of Sulfamethoxazole by Electrochemically Activated Persulfate Using Iron Anode |
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