Variation of Morphotropic Phase Boundary with the Bi Deficiency on (Ba, Ce)-co-substituted Sodium Bismuth Titanate

We have successfully demonstrated a slight Bi deficiency makes the rhombohedral-tetragonal morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) much more dramatically shift to a lower Ba content in the (Na0.50Bi0.50)1-xBaxTi0.99Ce0.01O3 [(Ba, Ce)-co-substituted NBT] system than the (Na0.50Bi0.50)1-xBaxTiO3 [Ba-substituted NBT] system. Rietveld analysis of (Ba, Ce)-co-substituted NBT revealed that the composition giving the MPB was located at x = 0.44 in restraint of evaporation of sodium and bismuth using the polymerizable complex method, while it was x = 0.12 in the samples of (Na0.50Bi0.50-z)1-xBaxTi0.99Ce0.01O3-δ with a Bi deficiency of z = 0.03.