De l’affectivité sauvage aux passions artificielles : Maine de Biran et la critique phénoménologique de l’idéologie

The goal of this essay is to suggest some elements for a phenomenological critique of ideology, based on the philosophy of affectivity proposed by Maine de Biran at the beginning of the XIX century. It also draws on the work of the Belgian phenomenologist Marc Richir, who developed some of the concepts postulated by Maine de Biran into a theory of intersubjective affectivity centered on the concept of contagion. The last part is an attempt to use these concepts for a critical analysis of the influence advertisements have on our affective disposition and how said influence modifies our phenomenological comprehension of the world.