The Role of Glutamate in Physical Dependence on Opioids

The present review will evaluate the interactions between κ-opioid receptors and glutamate within the locus coeruleus (LC) during the development of opioid dependence and on expression of withdrawal from dependence on opioids. Hyperactivity of noradrenergic neurons in the LC has been proposed to pla...

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Veröffentlicht in:	Japanese Journal of Pharmacology 1998, Vol.76(1), pp.1-14
Hauptverfasser:	Zhu, Hong, Rockhold, Robin W., Ho, Ing K.
Format:	Artikel
Sprache:	eng
Schlagworte:	Analgesics, Opioid - adverse effects Animals Butorphanol Butorphanol - adverse effects Disease Models, Animal Glutamate Glutamic Acid - metabolism Locus coeruleus Locus Coeruleus - metabolism Morphine N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptor Neurons, Afferent - physiology Opioid-Related Disorders - etiology Physical dependence Rats Receptors, Glutamate - metabolism Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate - metabolism Receptors, Opioid, kappa - metabolism Substance Withdrawal Syndrome - metabolism Withdrawal
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