Long-term air pollution and road traffic noise exposure and COPD: the Danish Nurse Cohort
While air pollution has been linked to the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), evidence on the role of environmental noise is just emerging. We examined the associations of long-term exposure to air pollution and road traffic noise with COPD incidence. We defined COPD incide...
Gespeichert in:
| Veröffentlicht in: | The European respiratory journal 2021-12, Vol.58 (6), p.2004594 |
|---|---|
| Hauptverfasser: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | eng |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| container_end_page | |
|---|---|
| container_issue | 6 |
| container_start_page | 2004594 |
| container_title | The European respiratory journal |
| container_volume | 58 |
| creator | Liu, Shuo Lim, Youn-Hee Pedersen, Marie Jørgensen, Jeanette T Amini, Heresh Cole-Hunter, Thomas Mehta, Amar J So, Rina Mortensen, Laust H Westendorp, Rudi G J Loft, Steffen Bräuner, Elvira V Ketzel, Matthias Hertel, Ole Brandt, Jørgen Jensen, Steen S Christensen, Jesper H Sigsgaard, Torben Geels, Camilla Frohn, Lise M Brboric, Maja Radonic, Jelena Turk Sekulic, Maja Bønnelykke, Klaus Backalarz, Claus Simonsen, Mette K Andersen, Zorana J |
| description | While air pollution has been linked to the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), evidence on the role of environmental noise is just emerging. We examined the associations of long-term exposure to air pollution and road traffic noise with COPD incidence.
We defined COPD incidence for 24 538 female nurses from the Danish Nurse Cohort (age >44 years) as the first hospital contact between baseline (1993 or 1999) and 2015. We estimated residential annual mean concentrations of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1183/13993003.04594-2020 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>pubmed_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_crossref_primary_10_1183_13993003_04594_2020</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>33986028</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c350t-adcb7b9338bb7142e967d0e0d6f9b2d6af0a31e1c125fc1d4b6eb2c005a28ce93</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNo9kMtOwzAQRS0EoqXwBUjIP-Ay9iRpzA6l5SFVlAUsWEV-hQa1cWQnEvw9TUtZjXTnnrs4hFxzmHKe4y1HKREAp5CkMmECBJyQ8ZCyIT4lY5CAjEvMRuQixi8AniXIz8kIUeYZiHxMPpa--WSdC1uq6kBbv9n0Xe0bqhpLg1eWdkFVVW1o4-voqPtufeyD2_-L1ev8jnZrR-eqqeOavvRh1yn82ofukpxVahPd1d-dkPeHxVvxxJarx-fifskMptAxZY2eaYmYaz3jiXAym1lwYLNKamEzVYFC7rjhIq0Mt4nOnBYGIFUiN07ihOBh1wQfY3BV2YZ6q8JPyaEcRJVHUeVeVDmI2lE3B6rt9dbZf-ZoBn8B7N9juQ</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype></control><display><type>article</type><title>Long-term air pollution and road traffic noise exposure and COPD: the Danish Nurse Cohort</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals</source><creator>Liu, Shuo ; Lim, Youn-Hee ; Pedersen, Marie ; Jørgensen, Jeanette T ; Amini, Heresh ; Cole-Hunter, Thomas ; Mehta, Amar J ; So, Rina ; Mortensen, Laust H ; Westendorp, Rudi G J ; Loft, Steffen ; Bräuner, Elvira V ; Ketzel, Matthias ; Hertel, Ole ; Brandt, Jørgen ; Jensen, Steen S ; Christensen, Jesper H ; Sigsgaard, Torben ; Geels, Camilla ; Frohn, Lise M ; Brboric, Maja ; Radonic, Jelena ; Turk Sekulic, Maja ; Bønnelykke, Klaus ; Backalarz, Claus ; Simonsen, Mette K ; Andersen, Zorana J</creator><creatorcontrib>Liu, Shuo ; Lim, Youn-Hee ; Pedersen, Marie ; Jørgensen, Jeanette T ; Amini, Heresh ; Cole-Hunter, Thomas ; Mehta, Amar J ; So, Rina ; Mortensen, Laust H ; Westendorp, Rudi G J ; Loft, Steffen ; Bräuner, Elvira V ; Ketzel, Matthias ; Hertel, Ole ; Brandt, Jørgen ; Jensen, Steen S ; Christensen, Jesper H ; Sigsgaard, Torben ; Geels, Camilla ; Frohn, Lise M ; Brboric, Maja ; Radonic, Jelena ; Turk Sekulic, Maja ; Bønnelykke, Klaus ; Backalarz, Claus ; Simonsen, Mette K ; Andersen, Zorana J</creatorcontrib><description>While air pollution has been linked to the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), evidence on the role of environmental noise is just emerging. We examined the associations of long-term exposure to air pollution and road traffic noise with COPD incidence.
We defined COPD incidence for 24 538 female nurses from the Danish Nurse Cohort (age >44 years) as the first hospital contact between baseline (1993 or 1999) and 2015. We estimated residential annual mean concentrations of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter <2.5 µm (PM
) since 1990 and nitrogen dioxide (NO
) since 1970 using the Danish Eulerian Hemispheric Model/Urban Background Model/Air Geographic Information System modelling system, and road traffic noise (L
) since 1970 using the Nord2000 model. Time-varying Cox regression models were applied to assess the associations of air pollution and road traffic noise with COPD incidence.
977 nurses developed COPD during a mean of 18.6 years' follow-up. We observed associations with COPD for all three exposures with HRs and 95% CIs of 1.19 (1.01-1.41) per 6.26 µg·m
for PM
, 1.13 (1.05-1.20) per 8.19 µg·m
for NO
and 1.15 (1.06-1.25) per 10 dB for L
. Associations with NO
and L
attenuated slightly after mutual adjustment, but were robust to adjustment for PM
. Associations with PM
were attenuated to null after adjustment for either NO
or L
. No potential interaction effect was observed between air pollutants and noise.
Long-term exposure to air pollution, especially traffic-related NO
, and to road traffic noise were independently associated with COPD.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0903-1936</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1399-3003</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1183/13993003.04594-2020</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33986028</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England</publisher><subject>Adult ; Air Pollutants - analysis ; Air Pollutants - toxicity ; Air Pollution - analysis ; Air Pollution - statistics & numerical data ; Denmark - epidemiology ; Environmental Exposure - analysis ; Environmental Exposure - statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Humans ; Nitrogen Dioxide - analysis ; Noise, Transportation - statistics & numerical data ; Particulate Matter - analysis ; Particulate Matter - toxicity ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - epidemiology ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - etiology</subject><ispartof>The European respiratory journal, 2021-12, Vol.58 (6), p.2004594</ispartof><rights>Copyright ©The authors 2021. For reproduction rights and permissions contact permissions@ersnet.org.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c350t-adcb7b9338bb7142e967d0e0d6f9b2d6af0a31e1c125fc1d4b6eb2c005a28ce93</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c350t-adcb7b9338bb7142e967d0e0d6f9b2d6af0a31e1c125fc1d4b6eb2c005a28ce93</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-9519-1935 ; 0000-0002-4825-1322</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33986028$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Liu, Shuo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lim, Youn-Hee</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pedersen, Marie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jørgensen, Jeanette T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Amini, Heresh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cole-Hunter, Thomas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mehta, Amar J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>So, Rina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mortensen, Laust H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Westendorp, Rudi G J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Loft, Steffen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bräuner, Elvira V</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ketzel, Matthias</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hertel, Ole</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brandt, Jørgen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jensen, Steen S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Christensen, Jesper H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sigsgaard, Torben</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Geels, Camilla</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Frohn, Lise M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brboric, Maja</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Radonic, Jelena</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Turk Sekulic, Maja</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bønnelykke, Klaus</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Backalarz, Claus</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Simonsen, Mette K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Andersen, Zorana J</creatorcontrib><title>Long-term air pollution and road traffic noise exposure and COPD: the Danish Nurse Cohort</title><title>The European respiratory journal</title><addtitle>Eur Respir J</addtitle><description>While air pollution has been linked to the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), evidence on the role of environmental noise is just emerging. We examined the associations of long-term exposure to air pollution and road traffic noise with COPD incidence.
We defined COPD incidence for 24 538 female nurses from the Danish Nurse Cohort (age >44 years) as the first hospital contact between baseline (1993 or 1999) and 2015. We estimated residential annual mean concentrations of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter <2.5 µm (PM
) since 1990 and nitrogen dioxide (NO
) since 1970 using the Danish Eulerian Hemispheric Model/Urban Background Model/Air Geographic Information System modelling system, and road traffic noise (L
) since 1970 using the Nord2000 model. Time-varying Cox regression models were applied to assess the associations of air pollution and road traffic noise with COPD incidence.
977 nurses developed COPD during a mean of 18.6 years' follow-up. We observed associations with COPD for all three exposures with HRs and 95% CIs of 1.19 (1.01-1.41) per 6.26 µg·m
for PM
, 1.13 (1.05-1.20) per 8.19 µg·m
for NO
and 1.15 (1.06-1.25) per 10 dB for L
. Associations with NO
and L
attenuated slightly after mutual adjustment, but were robust to adjustment for PM
. Associations with PM
were attenuated to null after adjustment for either NO
or L
. No potential interaction effect was observed between air pollutants and noise.
Long-term exposure to air pollution, especially traffic-related NO
, and to road traffic noise were independently associated with COPD.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Air Pollutants - analysis</subject><subject>Air Pollutants - toxicity</subject><subject>Air Pollution - analysis</subject><subject>Air Pollution - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Denmark - epidemiology</subject><subject>Environmental Exposure - analysis</subject><subject>Environmental Exposure - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Nitrogen Dioxide - analysis</subject><subject>Noise, Transportation - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Particulate Matter - analysis</subject><subject>Particulate Matter - toxicity</subject><subject>Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - epidemiology</subject><subject>Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - etiology</subject><issn>0903-1936</issn><issn>1399-3003</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNo9kMtOwzAQRS0EoqXwBUjIP-Ay9iRpzA6l5SFVlAUsWEV-hQa1cWQnEvw9TUtZjXTnnrs4hFxzmHKe4y1HKREAp5CkMmECBJyQ8ZCyIT4lY5CAjEvMRuQixi8AniXIz8kIUeYZiHxMPpa--WSdC1uq6kBbv9n0Xe0bqhpLg1eWdkFVVW1o4-voqPtufeyD2_-L1ev8jnZrR-eqqeOavvRh1yn82ofukpxVahPd1d-dkPeHxVvxxJarx-fifskMptAxZY2eaYmYaz3jiXAym1lwYLNKamEzVYFC7rjhIq0Mt4nOnBYGIFUiN07ihOBh1wQfY3BV2YZ6q8JPyaEcRJVHUeVeVDmI2lE3B6rt9dbZf-ZoBn8B7N9juQ</recordid><startdate>202112</startdate><enddate>202112</enddate><creator>Liu, Shuo</creator><creator>Lim, Youn-Hee</creator><creator>Pedersen, Marie</creator><creator>Jørgensen, Jeanette T</creator><creator>Amini, Heresh</creator><creator>Cole-Hunter, Thomas</creator><creator>Mehta, Amar J</creator><creator>So, Rina</creator><creator>Mortensen, Laust H</creator><creator>Westendorp, Rudi G J</creator><creator>Loft, Steffen</creator><creator>Bräuner, Elvira V</creator><creator>Ketzel, Matthias</creator><creator>Hertel, Ole</creator><creator>Brandt, Jørgen</creator><creator>Jensen, Steen S</creator><creator>Christensen, Jesper H</creator><creator>Sigsgaard, Torben</creator><creator>Geels, Camilla</creator><creator>Frohn, Lise M</creator><creator>Brboric, Maja</creator><creator>Radonic, Jelena</creator><creator>Turk Sekulic, Maja</creator><creator>Bønnelykke, Klaus</creator><creator>Backalarz, Claus</creator><creator>Simonsen, Mette K</creator><creator>Andersen, Zorana J</creator><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9519-1935</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4825-1322</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202112</creationdate><title>Long-term air pollution and road traffic noise exposure and COPD: the Danish Nurse Cohort</title><author>Liu, Shuo ; Lim, Youn-Hee ; Pedersen, Marie ; Jørgensen, Jeanette T ; Amini, Heresh ; Cole-Hunter, Thomas ; Mehta, Amar J ; So, Rina ; Mortensen, Laust H ; Westendorp, Rudi G J ; Loft, Steffen ; Bräuner, Elvira V ; Ketzel, Matthias ; Hertel, Ole ; Brandt, Jørgen ; Jensen, Steen S ; Christensen, Jesper H ; Sigsgaard, Torben ; Geels, Camilla ; Frohn, Lise M ; Brboric, Maja ; Radonic, Jelena ; Turk Sekulic, Maja ; Bønnelykke, Klaus ; Backalarz, Claus ; Simonsen, Mette K ; Andersen, Zorana J</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c350t-adcb7b9338bb7142e967d0e0d6f9b2d6af0a31e1c125fc1d4b6eb2c005a28ce93</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Air Pollutants - analysis</topic><topic>Air Pollutants - toxicity</topic><topic>Air Pollution - analysis</topic><topic>Air Pollution - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Denmark - epidemiology</topic><topic>Environmental Exposure - analysis</topic><topic>Environmental Exposure - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Nitrogen Dioxide - analysis</topic><topic>Noise, Transportation - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Particulate Matter - analysis</topic><topic>Particulate Matter - toxicity</topic><topic>Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - epidemiology</topic><topic>Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - etiology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Liu, Shuo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lim, Youn-Hee</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pedersen, Marie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jørgensen, Jeanette T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Amini, Heresh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cole-Hunter, Thomas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mehta, Amar J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>So, Rina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mortensen, Laust H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Westendorp, Rudi G J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Loft, Steffen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bräuner, Elvira V</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ketzel, Matthias</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hertel, Ole</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brandt, Jørgen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jensen, Steen S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Christensen, Jesper H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sigsgaard, Torben</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Geels, Camilla</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Frohn, Lise M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brboric, Maja</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Radonic, Jelena</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Turk Sekulic, Maja</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bønnelykke, Klaus</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Backalarz, Claus</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Simonsen, Mette K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Andersen, Zorana J</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><jtitle>The European respiratory journal</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Liu, Shuo</au><au>Lim, Youn-Hee</au><au>Pedersen, Marie</au><au>Jørgensen, Jeanette T</au><au>Amini, Heresh</au><au>Cole-Hunter, Thomas</au><au>Mehta, Amar J</au><au>So, Rina</au><au>Mortensen, Laust H</au><au>Westendorp, Rudi G J</au><au>Loft, Steffen</au><au>Bräuner, Elvira V</au><au>Ketzel, Matthias</au><au>Hertel, Ole</au><au>Brandt, Jørgen</au><au>Jensen, Steen S</au><au>Christensen, Jesper H</au><au>Sigsgaard, Torben</au><au>Geels, Camilla</au><au>Frohn, Lise M</au><au>Brboric, Maja</au><au>Radonic, Jelena</au><au>Turk Sekulic, Maja</au><au>Bønnelykke, Klaus</au><au>Backalarz, Claus</au><au>Simonsen, Mette K</au><au>Andersen, Zorana J</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Long-term air pollution and road traffic noise exposure and COPD: the Danish Nurse Cohort</atitle><jtitle>The European respiratory journal</jtitle><addtitle>Eur Respir J</addtitle><date>2021-12</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>58</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>2004594</spage><pages>2004594-</pages><issn>0903-1936</issn><eissn>1399-3003</eissn><abstract>While air pollution has been linked to the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), evidence on the role of environmental noise is just emerging. We examined the associations of long-term exposure to air pollution and road traffic noise with COPD incidence.
We defined COPD incidence for 24 538 female nurses from the Danish Nurse Cohort (age >44 years) as the first hospital contact between baseline (1993 or 1999) and 2015. We estimated residential annual mean concentrations of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter <2.5 µm (PM
) since 1990 and nitrogen dioxide (NO
) since 1970 using the Danish Eulerian Hemispheric Model/Urban Background Model/Air Geographic Information System modelling system, and road traffic noise (L
) since 1970 using the Nord2000 model. Time-varying Cox regression models were applied to assess the associations of air pollution and road traffic noise with COPD incidence.
977 nurses developed COPD during a mean of 18.6 years' follow-up. We observed associations with COPD for all three exposures with HRs and 95% CIs of 1.19 (1.01-1.41) per 6.26 µg·m
for PM
, 1.13 (1.05-1.20) per 8.19 µg·m
for NO
and 1.15 (1.06-1.25) per 10 dB for L
. Associations with NO
and L
attenuated slightly after mutual adjustment, but were robust to adjustment for PM
. Associations with PM
were attenuated to null after adjustment for either NO
or L
. No potential interaction effect was observed between air pollutants and noise.
Long-term exposure to air pollution, especially traffic-related NO
, and to road traffic noise were independently associated with COPD.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pmid>33986028</pmid><doi>10.1183/13993003.04594-2020</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9519-1935</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4825-1322</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0903-1936 |
| ispartof | The European respiratory journal, 2021-12, Vol.58 (6), p.2004594 |
| issn | 0903-1936 1399-3003 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_crossref_primary_10_1183_13993003_04594_2020 |
| source | MEDLINE; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals |
| subjects | Adult Air Pollutants - analysis Air Pollutants - toxicity Air Pollution - analysis Air Pollution - statistics & numerical data Denmark - epidemiology Environmental Exposure - analysis Environmental Exposure - statistics & numerical data Female Humans Nitrogen Dioxide - analysis Noise, Transportation - statistics & numerical data Particulate Matter - analysis Particulate Matter - toxicity Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - epidemiology Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - etiology |
| title | Long-term air pollution and road traffic noise exposure and COPD: the Danish Nurse Cohort |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-02-01T02%3A38%3A49IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-pubmed_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Long-term%20air%20pollution%20and%20road%20traffic%20noise%20exposure%20and%20COPD:%20the%20Danish%20Nurse%20Cohort&rft.jtitle=The%20European%20respiratory%20journal&rft.au=Liu,%20Shuo&rft.date=2021-12&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2004594&rft.pages=2004594-&rft.issn=0903-1936&rft.eissn=1399-3003&rft_id=info:doi/10.1183/13993003.04594-2020&rft_dat=%3Cpubmed_cross%3E33986028%3C/pubmed_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_id=info:pmid/33986028&rfr_iscdi=true |