Clinical Determinants of Early Mortality Following Allotransplantation for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in a Brazilian Multicenter Registry

Introduction: Allogeneic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT) continues to be a potentially curative approach for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). However, one of the primary challenges in HSCT remains the transplantation-related mortality (TRM), even though the overall complications and mortality rates have decreased over time. Notably, in developing countries, previous research on HSCT has highlighted that early mortality plays a significant role in their comparatively worse outcomes. Therefore, it is crucial to identify the factors involved in early mortality to enhance cure rates. Considering this, our study aims to investigate the risk factors associated with early mortality following HSCT for ALL in Brazilian centers. Methods: This is a retrospective registry study. Patients with ALL or ambiguous lineage leukemia above 16 years who underwent a first HSCT in 5 Brazilian centers between January 2007 and December 2017 were included. Early mortality (EM) was defined as death within 100 days from HSCT. A multivariable analysis (MVA) was performed using logistic regression, with the Akaike's information criteria used for model selection. A p-value