Differential Pattern of Consequences of Self‐Compassion Across Gender: Predicting Flourishing and Life Satisfaction by Two Factors of Self‐Compassion

Self‐compassion is a crucial factor in psychological well‐being, particularly among young adults facing various life challenges. This study investigates the multidimensional nature of self‐compassion and its impact on flourishing and life satisfaction in 994 college students. We found that the Self‐Compassion Scale is best understood as comprising separate “protective” (e.g., self‐acceptance and kindness) and “vulnerability” (e.g., self‐criticism) factors. Both men and women interpreted the scale similarly, suggesting a shared understanding of self‐compassion. However, gender differences emerged in how these dimensions relate to well‐being. The “protective” dimension positively influenced flourishing and life satisfaction for both genders. Notably, for women, managing “vulnerability” was a stronger predictor of life satisfaction compared to men. This highlights the importance of fostering self‐compassion, particularly by addressing the vulnerability factor, to enhance women’s overall well‐being. The study emphasizes the need to consider the multidimensional nature of self‐compassion and gender differences when examining its relationship with well‐being.