Graphene /TiO 2 Composite Electrode: Synthesis and Application towards the Oxygen Reduction Reaction
A graphene oxide (GO) was prepared from a commercial graphite nano-crystals using Hummers’ method. Later, GO powder was reduced either by placing it under a H 2 gas flow in a controlled gas reactor at 450 o C or using a hydrazine hydrate solution (HH) in a 1000-Watt microwave oven. X-ray photoelectr...
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Veröffentlicht in: | ECS transactions 2014-10, Vol.61 (39), p.13-26 |
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creator | Al-Kandari, Halema Ali Abdullah, Aboubakr Moustafa Mohamed, Ahmed meslam Al-Kandari, Shikah Ali |
description | A graphene oxide (GO) was prepared from a commercial graphite nano-crystals using Hummers’ method. Later, GO powder was reduced either by placing it under a H
2
gas flow in a controlled gas reactor at 450
o
C or using a hydrazine hydrate solution (HH) in a 1000-Watt microwave oven. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray diffraction patterns (XRD) confirmed that both of the oxidation and reduction processes of graphite and GO powders, respectively, were incomplete. Also, the surface area of the H
2
gas - reduced GO powder was found to be higher than the case where HH was used to reduce the same powder. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and XPS have revealed that GO surface consists mainly of hydroxyl, epoxy, carbonyl and carboxylic groups. The electrocatalytic properties of (i) glassy carbon (GC), (ii) commercial TiO
2
(P25-TiO
2
/GC), (iii) TiO
2
-supported GO (GO/TiO
2
/GC), (iv) TiO
2
– supported HH – reduced GO (HHRGO/TiO
2
/GC) and (v) TiO
2
– supported H
2
gas
–
reduced GO (H
2
RGO/TiO
2
/GC) electrodes towards the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in acidic solution in presence and absence of UV radiation were examined. The results have shown that the H
2
RGO/TiO
2
/GC electrode has the best electrocatalytic activity in terms of current at a certain potential but glassy carbon electrode (GC) was found to be the best in terms of the onset potential of the ORR. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1149/06139.0013ecst |
format | Article |
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2
gas flow in a controlled gas reactor at 450
o
C or using a hydrazine hydrate solution (HH) in a 1000-Watt microwave oven. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray diffraction patterns (XRD) confirmed that both of the oxidation and reduction processes of graphite and GO powders, respectively, were incomplete. Also, the surface area of the H
2
gas - reduced GO powder was found to be higher than the case where HH was used to reduce the same powder. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and XPS have revealed that GO surface consists mainly of hydroxyl, epoxy, carbonyl and carboxylic groups. The electrocatalytic properties of (i) glassy carbon (GC), (ii) commercial TiO
2
(P25-TiO
2
/GC), (iii) TiO
2
-supported GO (GO/TiO
2
/GC), (iv) TiO
2
– supported HH – reduced GO (HHRGO/TiO
2
/GC) and (v) TiO
2
– supported H
2
gas
–
reduced GO (H
2
RGO/TiO
2
/GC) electrodes towards the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in acidic solution in presence and absence of UV radiation were examined. The results have shown that the H
2
RGO/TiO
2
/GC electrode has the best electrocatalytic activity in terms of current at a certain potential but glassy carbon electrode (GC) was found to be the best in terms of the onset potential of the ORR.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1938-5862</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1938-6737</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1149/06139.0013ecst</identifier><language>eng</language><ispartof>ECS transactions, 2014-10, Vol.61 (39), p.13-26</ispartof><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c84t-407db258c8372fc2ee8c620123fc650e4443ab19c9859a051c9a03eba576c5823</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Al-Kandari, Halema Ali</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abdullah, Aboubakr Moustafa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mohamed, Ahmed meslam</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Al-Kandari, Shikah Ali</creatorcontrib><title>Graphene /TiO 2 Composite Electrode: Synthesis and Application towards the Oxygen Reduction Reaction</title><title>ECS transactions</title><description>A graphene oxide (GO) was prepared from a commercial graphite nano-crystals using Hummers’ method. Later, GO powder was reduced either by placing it under a H
2
gas flow in a controlled gas reactor at 450
o
C or using a hydrazine hydrate solution (HH) in a 1000-Watt microwave oven. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray diffraction patterns (XRD) confirmed that both of the oxidation and reduction processes of graphite and GO powders, respectively, were incomplete. Also, the surface area of the H
2
gas - reduced GO powder was found to be higher than the case where HH was used to reduce the same powder. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and XPS have revealed that GO surface consists mainly of hydroxyl, epoxy, carbonyl and carboxylic groups. The electrocatalytic properties of (i) glassy carbon (GC), (ii) commercial TiO
2
(P25-TiO
2
/GC), (iii) TiO
2
-supported GO (GO/TiO
2
/GC), (iv) TiO
2
– supported HH – reduced GO (HHRGO/TiO
2
/GC) and (v) TiO
2
– supported H
2
gas
–
reduced GO (H
2
RGO/TiO
2
/GC) electrodes towards the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in acidic solution in presence and absence of UV radiation were examined. The results have shown that the H
2
RGO/TiO
2
/GC electrode has the best electrocatalytic activity in terms of current at a certain potential but glassy carbon electrode (GC) was found to be the best in terms of the onset potential of the ORR.</description><issn>1938-5862</issn><issn>1938-6737</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2014</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNo1kE1Lw0AYhBdRsFavnvcPJN3PZOOtlFqFQqDmHjZv3thImoTdFe2_N8Z6mRmYYQ4PIY-cxZyrbMUSLrOYMS4RfLgiC55JEyWpTK8vWZtE3JI77z_YNOYqXZB65-x4xB7pqmhzKuhmOI2DbwPSbYcQ3FDjE3079-GIvvXU9jVdj2PXgg3t0NMwfFlXezrVNP8-v2NPD1h_wlwe0M7hntw0tvP4cPElKZ63xeYl2ue71816H4FRIVIsrSuhDRiZigYEooFEMC5kA4lmqJSStuIZZEZnlmkOk0qsrE4T0EbIJYn_bsEN3jtsytG1J-vOJWflL6JyRlT-I5I_fhFaxw</recordid><startdate>20141001</startdate><enddate>20141001</enddate><creator>Al-Kandari, Halema Ali</creator><creator>Abdullah, Aboubakr Moustafa</creator><creator>Mohamed, Ahmed meslam</creator><creator>Al-Kandari, Shikah Ali</creator><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20141001</creationdate><title>Graphene /TiO 2 Composite Electrode: Synthesis and Application towards the Oxygen Reduction Reaction</title><author>Al-Kandari, Halema Ali ; Abdullah, Aboubakr Moustafa ; Mohamed, Ahmed meslam ; Al-Kandari, Shikah Ali</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c84t-407db258c8372fc2ee8c620123fc650e4443ab19c9859a051c9a03eba576c5823</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2014</creationdate><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Al-Kandari, Halema Ali</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abdullah, Aboubakr Moustafa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mohamed, Ahmed meslam</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Al-Kandari, Shikah Ali</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><jtitle>ECS transactions</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Al-Kandari, Halema Ali</au><au>Abdullah, Aboubakr Moustafa</au><au>Mohamed, Ahmed meslam</au><au>Al-Kandari, Shikah Ali</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Graphene /TiO 2 Composite Electrode: Synthesis and Application towards the Oxygen Reduction Reaction</atitle><jtitle>ECS transactions</jtitle><date>2014-10-01</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>61</volume><issue>39</issue><spage>13</spage><epage>26</epage><pages>13-26</pages><issn>1938-5862</issn><eissn>1938-6737</eissn><abstract>A graphene oxide (GO) was prepared from a commercial graphite nano-crystals using Hummers’ method. Later, GO powder was reduced either by placing it under a H
2
gas flow in a controlled gas reactor at 450
o
C or using a hydrazine hydrate solution (HH) in a 1000-Watt microwave oven. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray diffraction patterns (XRD) confirmed that both of the oxidation and reduction processes of graphite and GO powders, respectively, were incomplete. Also, the surface area of the H
2
gas - reduced GO powder was found to be higher than the case where HH was used to reduce the same powder. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and XPS have revealed that GO surface consists mainly of hydroxyl, epoxy, carbonyl and carboxylic groups. The electrocatalytic properties of (i) glassy carbon (GC), (ii) commercial TiO
2
(P25-TiO
2
/GC), (iii) TiO
2
-supported GO (GO/TiO
2
/GC), (iv) TiO
2
– supported HH – reduced GO (HHRGO/TiO
2
/GC) and (v) TiO
2
– supported H
2
gas
–
reduced GO (H
2
RGO/TiO
2
/GC) electrodes towards the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in acidic solution in presence and absence of UV radiation were examined. The results have shown that the H
2
RGO/TiO
2
/GC electrode has the best electrocatalytic activity in terms of current at a certain potential but glassy carbon electrode (GC) was found to be the best in terms of the onset potential of the ORR.</abstract><doi>10.1149/06139.0013ecst</doi><tpages>14</tpages></addata></record> |
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issn | 1938-5862 1938-6737 |
language | eng |
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source | Institute of Physics Journals |
title | Graphene /TiO 2 Composite Electrode: Synthesis and Application towards the Oxygen Reduction Reaction |
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