Relationship between azimuthal surface anchoring strength and chiral pitch required for twisted-nematic liquid crystal display without reverse-twist domain

Using circularly rubbed cells, we experimentally and theoretically investigate the required typical energy difference between the left-handed twist and right-handed twist in order to avoid reverse-twist domains in the twisted-nematic liquid crystal display (TN-LCD). We also clarify the relationship between the azimuthal surface anchoring strength and the typical chiral pitch required for obtaining the reverse-twist-domain-free TN-LCD.