Sublethal Doses of an Anti-erbB2 Antibody Leads to Death by Apoptosis in Cardiomyocytes Sensitized by Low Prosenescent Doses of Epirubicin: The Protective Role of Dexrazoxane

The cardiotoxic synergism resulting from the sequential treatment with anthracyclines and trastuzumab has been attributed to the trastuzumab-induced loss of the erbB2-related functions that serve as a salvage pathway against the damaging effects of anthracyclines. Cellular senescence is a novel mech...

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Veröffentlicht in:The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics 2010-01, Vol.332 (1), p.87-96
Hauptverfasser: Spallarossa, Paolo, Altieri, Paola, Pronzato, Paolo, Aloi, Concetta, Ghigliotti, Giorgio, Barsotti, Antonio, Brunelli, Claudio
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container_issue 1
container_start_page 87
container_title The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics
container_volume 332
creator Spallarossa, Paolo
Altieri, Paola
Pronzato, Paolo
Aloi, Concetta
Ghigliotti, Giorgio
Barsotti, Antonio
Brunelli, Claudio
description The cardiotoxic synergism resulting from the sequential treatment with anthracyclines and trastuzumab has been attributed to the trastuzumab-induced loss of the erbB2-related functions that serve as a salvage pathway against the damaging effects of anthracyclines. Cellular senescence is a novel mechanism of cardiotoxicity induced by subapoptotic doses of anthracyclines. After having identified prosenescent and proapoptotic doses of epirubicin and rat MAb c-erbB2/Her-2/neu Ab-9 clone B10 (B10), an anti-erbB2 monoclonal antibody, we investigated the effects of the sequential treatment with prosenescent doses of both drugs on H9c2 cells and neonatal rat cardiomyocytes pretreated with or without the cardioprotective agent dexrazoxane. Cells were analyzed by senescence-associated β-galactosidase, single-stranded DNA, annexin/propidium double staining, F-actin, and mitochondrial transmembrane potential. ErbB2 expression levels, AKT activation, and the effects of the inhibition of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase [NAD(P)H oxidase] and phosphoinositide-3-OH kinase (PI3K) were also assessed. Data demonstrate that 1) the toxic effects of epirubicin mainly occur through NAD(P)H oxidase activation; 2) the erbB2 overexpression induced by epirubicin is a redox-sensitive mechanism largely dependent on NAD(P)H oxidase; 3) the loss of erbB2-related functions caused by B10 determines marginal cellular changes in untreated cells, but causes massive death by apoptosis in cells previously exposed to a prosenescent dose of epirubicin, 4) dexrazoxane promotes survival pathways, as demonstrated by the activation of Akt and the PI3K-dependent erbB2 overexpression; and 5) it also prevents epirubicin-induced senescence and renders epirubicin-treated cells more resistant to treatment with B10. Data underline the importance of NAD(P)H oxidase in epirubicin-induced cardiotoxicity and shed new light on the protective mechanisms of dexrazoxane.
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subjects Actins - metabolism
Animals
Antibodies, Monoclonal - administration & dosage
Antibodies, Monoclonal - adverse effects
Antineoplastic Agents - administration & dosage
Antineoplastic Agents - adverse effects
Apoptosis - drug effects
Cardiotonic Agents - pharmacology
Cell Culture Techniques
Cell Death - drug effects
Cell Line
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Drug Synergism
Epirubicin - administration & dosage
Epirubicin - adverse effects
Glycoproteins - antagonists & inhibitors
Immunoblotting
Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial - drug effects
Myocytes, Cardiac - drug effects
Myocytes, Cardiac - enzymology
Myocytes, Cardiac - metabolism
Myocytes, Cardiac - pathology
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Razoxane - pharmacology
Receptor, ErbB-2
title Sublethal Doses of an Anti-erbB2 Antibody Leads to Death by Apoptosis in Cardiomyocytes Sensitized by Low Prosenescent Doses of Epirubicin: The Protective Role of Dexrazoxane
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