Localization when the source function is known

Frazer and Pecholcs [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 88, 995–1002 (1990)] have investigated single-hydrophone time-domain localization. They introduced several localizers, similar to an earlier method introduced by Clay [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 81, 660–664 (1987)], that differ in the amount of a priori information required about the source function. In this paper we revisit these localizers to look at the special case where the source function is known and explore the benefits of multiple hydrophones. This case is of interest due to its similarity to active matched field processing and because these localizers can be used as cost functions in environmental inverse problems when the source position is known precisely. We apply the localizers to data that includes several different types of source waveforms, and was collected in shallow water southwest of Key West, Florida. [Work supported by ONR.]