Densification, mechanical, and tribological properties of ZrB 2 ‐ZrC x composites produced by reactive hot pressing
ZrB 2 ‐ZrC x composites were produced using Zr:B 4 C powder mixtures in the molar ratios of 3:1, 3.5:1, 4:1, and 5:1 by reactive hot pressing (RHP) at 4‐7 MPa, 1200°C for 60 minutes. X‐ray diffraction analyses confirmed the formation of nonstoichiometric zirconium carbide (ZrC x ) with different lat...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of the American Ceramic Society 2020-11, Vol.103 (11), p.6120-6135 |
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| container_title | Journal of the American Ceramic Society |
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| creator | Kannan, Rajaguru Rangaraj, Lingappa |
| description | ZrB
2
‐ZrC
x
composites were produced using Zr:B
4
C powder mixtures in the molar ratios of 3:1, 3.5:1, 4:1, and 5:1 by reactive hot pressing (RHP) at 4‐7 MPa, 1200°C for 60 minutes. X‐ray diffraction analyses confirmed the formation of nonstoichiometric zirconium carbide (ZrC
x
) with different lattice parameters and enhanced carbide formation by increasing the Zr mole fraction. An increase in applied pressure from 4 to 7 MPa was responsible for the improved relative density (RD) of 4Zr:B
4
C composition from 86% to 99%. Microstructural studies on Zr‐rich composites showed a reduction in unreacted B
4
C particles and enriched elongated ZrB
2
platelets. Reaction and densification mechanism in 4Zr:B
4
C composition were studied as a function of temperature increased from 600 to 1200°C at an applied constant pressure of 7 MPa. After 1000°C, |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/jace.17338 |
| format | Article |
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2
‐ZrC
x
composites were produced using Zr:B
4
C powder mixtures in the molar ratios of 3:1, 3.5:1, 4:1, and 5:1 by reactive hot pressing (RHP) at 4‐7 MPa, 1200°C for 60 minutes. X‐ray diffraction analyses confirmed the formation of nonstoichiometric zirconium carbide (ZrC
x
) with different lattice parameters and enhanced carbide formation by increasing the Zr mole fraction. An increase in applied pressure from 4 to 7 MPa was responsible for the improved relative density (RD) of 4Zr:B
4
C composition from 86% to 99%. Microstructural studies on Zr‐rich composites showed a reduction in unreacted B
4
C particles and enriched elongated ZrB
2
platelets. Reaction and densification mechanism in 4Zr:B
4
C composition were studied as a function of temperature increased from 600 to 1200°C at an applied constant pressure of 7 MPa. After 1000°C, <40 vol.% of unreacted Zr was observed during the densification process. Concurrently, low energies of carbon diffusion and carbon vacancy formation were found to enhance nonstoichiometric ZrC
x
formation, which was found to be responsible for the completion of the reaction. The plastic deformation of unreacted Zr was responsible for the densification of the ZrB
2
‐ZrC
x
composite. The results clearly showed that the applied pressure is five times lower than the reported values. Moreover, a temperature of 1200°C was sufficient to produce dense ZrB
2
‐ZrC
x
composites. The improved microhardness, flexural strength, fracture toughness, and specific wear rate were 8.2‐15 GPa, 265‐590 MPa, 2.82‐6.33 MPa.m
1/2
, and 1.43‐0.376 × 10
−2
mm
2
/N, respectively.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0002-7820</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1551-2916</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/jace.17338</identifier><language>eng</language><ispartof>Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 2020-11, Vol.103 (11), p.6120-6135</ispartof><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c768-97365b71a218e98c8709ff3b64e004e49689113f5838af63bc3d3259663a1f7f3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c768-97365b71a218e98c8709ff3b64e004e49689113f5838af63bc3d3259663a1f7f3</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-4596-3129 ; 0000-0002-6045-9126</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Kannan, Rajaguru</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rangaraj, Lingappa</creatorcontrib><title>Densification, mechanical, and tribological properties of ZrB 2 ‐ZrC x composites produced by reactive hot pressing</title><title>Journal of the American Ceramic Society</title><description>ZrB
2
‐ZrC
x
composites were produced using Zr:B
4
C powder mixtures in the molar ratios of 3:1, 3.5:1, 4:1, and 5:1 by reactive hot pressing (RHP) at 4‐7 MPa, 1200°C for 60 minutes. X‐ray diffraction analyses confirmed the formation of nonstoichiometric zirconium carbide (ZrC
x
) with different lattice parameters and enhanced carbide formation by increasing the Zr mole fraction. An increase in applied pressure from 4 to 7 MPa was responsible for the improved relative density (RD) of 4Zr:B
4
C composition from 86% to 99%. Microstructural studies on Zr‐rich composites showed a reduction in unreacted B
4
C particles and enriched elongated ZrB
2
platelets. Reaction and densification mechanism in 4Zr:B
4
C composition were studied as a function of temperature increased from 600 to 1200°C at an applied constant pressure of 7 MPa. After 1000°C, <40 vol.% of unreacted Zr was observed during the densification process. Concurrently, low energies of carbon diffusion and carbon vacancy formation were found to enhance nonstoichiometric ZrC
x
formation, which was found to be responsible for the completion of the reaction. The plastic deformation of unreacted Zr was responsible for the densification of the ZrB
2
‐ZrC
x
composite. The results clearly showed that the applied pressure is five times lower than the reported values. Moreover, a temperature of 1200°C was sufficient to produce dense ZrB
2
‐ZrC
x
composites. The improved microhardness, flexural strength, fracture toughness, and specific wear rate were 8.2‐15 GPa, 265‐590 MPa, 2.82‐6.33 MPa.m
1/2
, and 1.43‐0.376 × 10
−2
mm
2
/N, respectively.</description><issn>0002-7820</issn><issn>1551-2916</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNotkM1OwzAQhC0EEqVw4Qn2jJpix4l_jlB-pUpceuolcpx166qNIztF9MYj8Iw8CSkwl9XMrObwEXLN6JQNut0Yi1MmOVcnZMTKkmW5ZuKUjCileSZVTs_JRUqbwTKtihHZP2CbvPPW9D60E9ihXZt2sNsJmLaBPvo6bMPqmEAXQ4ex95ggOFjGe8jh-_NrGWfwATbsupB8P5TDX7O32EB9gIjG9v4dYR36ocCUfLu6JGfObBNe_d8xWTw9LmYv2fzt-XV2N8-sFCrTkouylszkTKFWVkmqneO1KJDSAgstlGaMu1JxZZzgteUNz0stBDfMScfH5OZv1saQUkRXddHvTDxUjFZHXtWRV_XLi_8AsXFflQ</recordid><startdate>202011</startdate><enddate>202011</enddate><creator>Kannan, Rajaguru</creator><creator>Rangaraj, Lingappa</creator><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4596-3129</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6045-9126</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202011</creationdate><title>Densification, mechanical, and tribological properties of ZrB 2 ‐ZrC x composites produced by reactive hot pressing</title><author>Kannan, Rajaguru ; Rangaraj, Lingappa</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c768-97365b71a218e98c8709ff3b64e004e49689113f5838af63bc3d3259663a1f7f3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Kannan, Rajaguru</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rangaraj, Lingappa</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><jtitle>Journal of the American Ceramic Society</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Kannan, Rajaguru</au><au>Rangaraj, Lingappa</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Densification, mechanical, and tribological properties of ZrB 2 ‐ZrC x composites produced by reactive hot pressing</atitle><jtitle>Journal of the American Ceramic Society</jtitle><date>2020-11</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>103</volume><issue>11</issue><spage>6120</spage><epage>6135</epage><pages>6120-6135</pages><issn>0002-7820</issn><eissn>1551-2916</eissn><abstract>ZrB
2
‐ZrC
x
composites were produced using Zr:B
4
C powder mixtures in the molar ratios of 3:1, 3.5:1, 4:1, and 5:1 by reactive hot pressing (RHP) at 4‐7 MPa, 1200°C for 60 minutes. X‐ray diffraction analyses confirmed the formation of nonstoichiometric zirconium carbide (ZrC
x
) with different lattice parameters and enhanced carbide formation by increasing the Zr mole fraction. An increase in applied pressure from 4 to 7 MPa was responsible for the improved relative density (RD) of 4Zr:B
4
C composition from 86% to 99%. Microstructural studies on Zr‐rich composites showed a reduction in unreacted B
4
C particles and enriched elongated ZrB
2
platelets. Reaction and densification mechanism in 4Zr:B
4
C composition were studied as a function of temperature increased from 600 to 1200°C at an applied constant pressure of 7 MPa. After 1000°C, <40 vol.% of unreacted Zr was observed during the densification process. Concurrently, low energies of carbon diffusion and carbon vacancy formation were found to enhance nonstoichiometric ZrC
x
formation, which was found to be responsible for the completion of the reaction. The plastic deformation of unreacted Zr was responsible for the densification of the ZrB
2
‐ZrC
x
composite. The results clearly showed that the applied pressure is five times lower than the reported values. Moreover, a temperature of 1200°C was sufficient to produce dense ZrB
2
‐ZrC
x
composites. The improved microhardness, flexural strength, fracture toughness, and specific wear rate were 8.2‐15 GPa, 265‐590 MPa, 2.82‐6.33 MPa.m
1/2
, and 1.43‐0.376 × 10
−2
mm
2
/N, respectively.</abstract><doi>10.1111/jace.17338</doi><tpages>16</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4596-3129</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6045-9126</orcidid></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
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| ispartof | Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 2020-11, Vol.103 (11), p.6120-6135 |
| issn | 0002-7820 1551-2916 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_crossref_primary_10_1111_jace_17338 |
| source | Access via Wiley Online Library |
| title | Densification, mechanical, and tribological properties of ZrB 2 ‐ZrC x composites produced by reactive hot pressing |
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