Holotoxin A 1 from Apostichopus japonicus inhibited oropharyngeal and intra-abdominal candidiasis by inducing oxidative damage in Candida albicans

The holotoxin A , isolated from Apostichopus japonicus, exhibits potent antifungal activities, but the mechanism and efficacy against candidiasis are unclear. In this study we have studied the antifungal effects and mechanism of holotoxin A against Candida albicans and in murine oropharyngeal and in...

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Veröffentlicht in:British journal of pharmacology 2024-06, Vol.181 (12), p.1857-1873
Hauptverfasser: Liao, Min, Xia, Xuekui, Meng, Qingzhou, Zhu, Chengguang, Liao, Binyou, Wang, Jiannan, Gou, Lichen, Zhou, Xuedong, Yuan, Wenpeng, Cheng, Lei, Ren, Biao
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container_end_page 1873
container_issue 12
container_start_page 1857
container_title British journal of pharmacology
container_volume 181
creator Liao, Min
Xia, Xuekui
Meng, Qingzhou
Zhu, Chengguang
Liao, Binyou
Wang, Jiannan
Gou, Lichen
Zhou, Xuedong
Yuan, Wenpeng
Cheng, Lei
Ren, Biao
description The holotoxin A , isolated from Apostichopus japonicus, exhibits potent antifungal activities, but the mechanism and efficacy against candidiasis are unclear. In this study we have studied the antifungal effects and mechanism of holotoxin A against Candida albicans and in murine oropharyngeal and intra-abdominal candidiasis. The antifungal effect of holotoxin A against C. albicans was tested in vitro. To explore the antifungal mechanism of holotoxin A , the transcriptome, ROS levels, and mitochondrial function of C. albicans was evaluated. Effectiveness and systematic toxicity of holotoxin A in vivo was assessed in the oropharyngeal and intra-abdominal candidiasis models in mice. Holotoxin A was a potent fungicide against C. albicans SC5314, clinical strains and drug-resistant strains. Holotoxin A inhibited oxidative phosphorylation and induced oxidative damage by increasing intracellular accumulation of ROS in C. albicans. Holotoxin A induced dysfunction of mitochondria by depolarizing the mitochondrial membrane potential and reducing the production of ATP. Holotoxin A directly inhibited the enzymatic activity of mitochondrial complex I and antagonized with the rotenone, an inhibitor of complex I, against C. albicans. Meanwhile, the complex I subunit NDH51 null mutants showed a decreased susceptibility to holotoxin A . Furthermore, holotoxin A significantly reduced fungal burden and infections with no significant systemic toxicity in oropharyngeal and intra-abdominal candidiasis in murine models. Holotoxin A is a promising candidate for the development of novel antifungal agents against both oropharyngeal and intra-abdominal candidiasis, especially when caused by drug-resistant strains.
doi_str_mv 10.1111/bph.16333
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In this study we have studied the antifungal effects and mechanism of holotoxin A against Candida albicans and in murine oropharyngeal and intra-abdominal candidiasis. The antifungal effect of holotoxin A against C. albicans was tested in vitro. To explore the antifungal mechanism of holotoxin A , the transcriptome, ROS levels, and mitochondrial function of C. albicans was evaluated. Effectiveness and systematic toxicity of holotoxin A in vivo was assessed in the oropharyngeal and intra-abdominal candidiasis models in mice. Holotoxin A was a potent fungicide against C. albicans SC5314, clinical strains and drug-resistant strains. Holotoxin A inhibited oxidative phosphorylation and induced oxidative damage by increasing intracellular accumulation of ROS in C. albicans. Holotoxin A induced dysfunction of mitochondria by depolarizing the mitochondrial membrane potential and reducing the production of ATP. Holotoxin A directly inhibited the enzymatic activity of mitochondrial complex I and antagonized with the rotenone, an inhibitor of complex I, against C. albicans. Meanwhile, the complex I subunit NDH51 null mutants showed a decreased susceptibility to holotoxin A . Furthermore, holotoxin A significantly reduced fungal burden and infections with no significant systemic toxicity in oropharyngeal and intra-abdominal candidiasis in murine models. 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source Wiley-Blackwell Journals; MEDLINE
subjects Animals
Antifungal Agents - pharmacology
Candida albicans - drug effects
Candidiasis - drug therapy
Candidiasis - microbiology
Candidiasis, Oral - drug therapy
Candidiasis, Oral - microbiology
Female
Intraabdominal Infections - drug therapy
Intraabdominal Infections - microbiology
Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial - drug effects
Mice
Mice, Inbred BALB C
Microbial Sensitivity Tests
Mitochondria - drug effects
Mitochondria - metabolism
Oxidative Stress - drug effects
Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism
Stichopus - microbiology
title Holotoxin A 1 from Apostichopus japonicus inhibited oropharyngeal and intra-abdominal candidiasis by inducing oxidative damage in Candida albicans
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