A Hybrid Architecture 360° Phase Shifter With Continuously Tunable Phase Shift and Low In-Band Phase Error

This article presents a design method for a hybrid architecture 360° phase shifter (PS) using a cascade of switched-type phase shifter (STPS) and reflection-type phase shifter (RTPS). A phase-shifted structure that switches between slot line and microstrip is proposed for STPS design, and a 3-dB qua...

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Veröffentlicht in:IEEE transactions on microwave theory and techniques 2024-08, Vol.72 (8), p.4810-4821
Hauptverfasser: Liu, Fang, Xu, Jin, Pu, Jia-Yang, Su, Jia-Hao, Zhu, Lei
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Xu, Jin
Pu, Jia-Yang
Su, Jia-Hao
Zhu, Lei
description This article presents a design method for a hybrid architecture 360° phase shifter (PS) using a cascade of switched-type phase shifter (STPS) and reflection-type phase shifter (RTPS). A phase-shifted structure that switches between slot line and microstrip is proposed for STPS design, and a 3-dB quadrature coupler based on a capacitively loaded coupled line and parallel transmission line structure is proposed for RTPS design. Equivalent models and closed-form equations are presented for both structures. From the theoretical analysis, it can be found that the proposed phase-shifted structure can achieve a wider matching bandwidth and a lower in-band phase error as the phase-shift range (PSR) increases, which is contrary to the conventional STPS. For the quadrature coupler, a design method to reduce the amplitude difference and phase difference is obtained by theoretical analysis. To validate the proposed concept, a 90° STPS, a quadrature coupler, an RTPS with greater than 90° PSR, a 180° PS with modified dc bias, and a continuously tunable 360° PS were designed, fabricated, and measured. From measurement, the operating bandwidth, return loss (RL), in-band phase error, maximum rms phase error, maximum rms amplitude error, and circuit size of the proposed hybrid architecture 360° PS are 1.7-2.28 GHz (29.1%), 10.5 dB, ±4.46°, 2.67°, 0.24 dB, and 0.099\lambda _{\text {g}}^{2} , respectively. The average insertion loss at the center frequency is 1.9 dB. The measured results demonstrate the validity of the proposed design method for continuously tunable 360° PS with compact circuit size and low in-band phase error.
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A phase-shifted structure that switches between slot line and microstrip is proposed for STPS design, and a 3-dB quadrature coupler based on a capacitively loaded coupled line and parallel transmission line structure is proposed for RTPS design. Equivalent models and closed-form equations are presented for both structures. From the theoretical analysis, it can be found that the proposed phase-shifted structure can achieve a wider matching bandwidth and a lower in-band phase error as the phase-shift range (PSR) increases, which is contrary to the conventional STPS. For the quadrature coupler, a design method to reduce the amplitude difference and phase difference is obtained by theoretical analysis. To validate the proposed concept, a 90° STPS, a quadrature coupler, an RTPS with greater than 90° PSR, a 180° PS with modified dc bias, and a continuously tunable 360° PS were designed, fabricated, and measured. From measurement, the operating bandwidth, return loss (RL), in-band phase error, maximum rms phase error, maximum rms amplitude error, and circuit size of the proposed hybrid architecture 360° PS are 1.7-2.28 GHz (29.1%), 10.5 dB, ±4.46°, 2.67°, 0.24 dB, and &lt;inline-formula&gt; &lt;tex-math notation="LaTeX"&gt;0.099\lambda _{\text {g}}^{2} &lt;/tex-math&gt;&lt;/inline-formula&gt;, respectively. The average insertion loss at the center frequency is 1.9 dB. 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A phase-shifted structure that switches between slot line and microstrip is proposed for STPS design, and a 3-dB quadrature coupler based on a capacitively loaded coupled line and parallel transmission line structure is proposed for RTPS design. Equivalent models and closed-form equations are presented for both structures. From the theoretical analysis, it can be found that the proposed phase-shifted structure can achieve a wider matching bandwidth and a lower in-band phase error as the phase-shift range (PSR) increases, which is contrary to the conventional STPS. For the quadrature coupler, a design method to reduce the amplitude difference and phase difference is obtained by theoretical analysis. To validate the proposed concept, a 90° STPS, a quadrature coupler, an RTPS with greater than 90° PSR, a 180° PS with modified dc bias, and a continuously tunable 360° PS were designed, fabricated, and measured. 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A phase-shifted structure that switches between slot line and microstrip is proposed for STPS design, and a 3-dB quadrature coupler based on a capacitively loaded coupled line and parallel transmission line structure is proposed for RTPS design. Equivalent models and closed-form equations are presented for both structures. From the theoretical analysis, it can be found that the proposed phase-shifted structure can achieve a wider matching bandwidth and a lower in-band phase error as the phase-shift range (PSR) increases, which is contrary to the conventional STPS. For the quadrature coupler, a design method to reduce the amplitude difference and phase difference is obtained by theoretical analysis. To validate the proposed concept, a 90° STPS, a quadrature coupler, an RTPS with greater than 90° PSR, a 180° PS with modified dc bias, and a continuously tunable 360° PS were designed, fabricated, and measured. From measurement, the operating bandwidth, return loss (RL), in-band phase error, maximum rms phase error, maximum rms amplitude error, and circuit size of the proposed hybrid architecture 360° PS are 1.7-2.28 GHz (29.1%), 10.5 dB, ±4.46°, 2.67°, 0.24 dB, and &lt;inline-formula&gt; &lt;tex-math notation="LaTeX"&gt;0.099\lambda _{\text {g}}^{2} &lt;/tex-math&gt;&lt;/inline-formula&gt;, respectively. The average insertion loss at the center frequency is 1.9 dB. The measured results demonstrate the validity of the proposed design method for continuously tunable 360° PS with compact circuit size and low in-band phase error.</abstract><cop>New York</cop><pub>IEEE</pub><doi>10.1109/TMTT.2024.3359711</doi><tpages>12</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0884-7970</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1434-5969</orcidid></addata></record>
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subjects Amplitudes
Bandwidths
Broadband
Broadband communication
continuous tunability
Couplers
Design analysis
Design methodology
Design techniques
Error analysis
Insertion loss
large phase-shift range (PSR)
Microstrip
Phase error
Phase matching
Phase shift
phase shifter (PS)
Phase shifters
Power transmission lines
Quadratures
slot line (SL)
Switches
Transmission lines
title A Hybrid Architecture 360° Phase Shifter With Continuously Tunable Phase Shift and Low In-Band Phase Error
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