Study on UAV Inspection Safety Distance of Substation High-Voltage and Current-Carrying Equipment Based on Power-Frequency Magnetic Field

Multirotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is widely used in the field of power inspection, with high inspection efficiency and no dead angle. However, there are few studies on determining the safety distance for UAV inspection in substations. This article chooses Mavic 2 Enterprise Advanced as the research object, which is widely applied in power inspection and has superior performance. The main factors affecting the safety distance of UAV operation are analyzed, and the safety distance tests of the measurement and control performance under the power-frequency magnetic field environment are carried out. The safety distance criterion of UAV is determined by simulation, and the determination method and calculation method of safety distance of high-voltage and current-carrying equipment in substation by UAV inspection are proposed. The range of values of the main influencing factors is analyzed and given. The safety distances of 110, 220, 500, and 1000 kV substation equipment are obtained respectively. The effectiveness of the safety distance is verified by the actual flight in the substation. The study results can provide a reference for the distance control and path planning of UAV inspection in the substation.