A Novel Design Approach Using Zero-Pole-Based Multiport Model for Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces
Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) are of potential use in 5G/6G wireless communications due to their tunable electromagnetic (EM) parameters for flexible beam manipulations. Two important parameters for RIS design are the reflection coefficient of the RIS element and the scattering pattern...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | IEEE transactions on antennas and propagation 2024-11, Vol.72 (11), p.8564-8574 |
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| container_title | IEEE transactions on antennas and propagation |
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| creator | Zhang, Zhen Wei Zhang, Jun Juan Lv, Ying Dong Li, Hui Luo, Jiang Wei Wu, Jun Cheng, Qiang |
| description | Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) are of potential use in 5G/6G wireless communications due to their tunable electromagnetic (EM) parameters for flexible beam manipulations. Two important parameters for RIS design are the reflection coefficient of the RIS element and the scattering pattern of the RIS. To realize rapid design of RISs, we propose a zero-pole-based multiport model to calculate the reflection coefficients and scattering patterns of RISs in this work. Specifically, the developed model establishes an accurate mapping relation between the element reflection coefficient and the loads on multiple internal ports by using the multiport S-parameter matrix. Additionally, the vector fitting method is employed to reduce the time cost of data acquisition for multiport S-parameters, in which a hybrid sampling scheme is employed to accelerate computation speed while keeping high accuracy. Using this model, we further develop an efficient far-field pattern prediction and synthesis algorithm for large-scale RIS design based on the antenna radiation superposition principle. The feasibility of the proposed model is demonstrated by an example of 3-bit RIS design, where the simulation results agree well with the measurement. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1109/TAP.2024.3463872 |
| format | Article |
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Two important parameters for RIS design are the reflection coefficient of the RIS element and the scattering pattern of the RIS. To realize rapid design of RISs, we propose a zero-pole-based multiport model to calculate the reflection coefficients and scattering patterns of RISs in this work. Specifically, the developed model establishes an accurate mapping relation between the element reflection coefficient and the loads on multiple internal ports by using the multiport S-parameter matrix. Additionally, the vector fitting method is employed to reduce the time cost of data acquisition for multiport S-parameters, in which a hybrid sampling scheme is employed to accelerate computation speed while keeping high accuracy. Using this model, we further develop an efficient far-field pattern prediction and synthesis algorithm for large-scale RIS design based on the antenna radiation superposition principle. The feasibility of the proposed model is demonstrated by an example of 3-bit RIS design, where the simulation results agree well with the measurement.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0018-926X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1558-2221</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2024.3463872</identifier><identifier>CODEN: IETPAK</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York: IEEE</publisher><subject>Algorithms ; Analytical models ; Antenna design ; Antennas and propagation ; Beams (structural) ; Data acquisition ; Electromagnetic scattering ; Far fields ; Fitting ; Multiport network ; Parameters ; Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces ; reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) ; Reflectance ; Reflection ; Reflection coefficient ; Scattering ; Scattering parameters ; scattering pattern ; Superposition (mathematics) ; Vectors ; Wireless communication ; Wireless communications ; zero-pole model</subject><ispartof>IEEE transactions on antennas and propagation, 2024-11, Vol.72 (11), p.8564-8574</ispartof><rights>Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) 2024</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c175t-5ce515854061c7ee558b061330b7d0de5433cc6b01dee035484576001aba67083</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-4698-8125 ; 0000-0003-4519-792X ; 0009-0003-8960-5689 ; 0000-0002-9752-9028 ; 0000-0002-2442-8357 ; 0000-0001-9764-1178</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10694755$$EHTML$$P50$$Gieee$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,792,27901,27902,54733</link.rule.ids><linktorsrc>$$Uhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10694755$$EView_record_in_IEEE$$FView_record_in_$$GIEEE</linktorsrc></links><search><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Zhen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wei Zhang, Jun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Juan Lv, Ying</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dong Li, Hui</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Luo, Jiang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wei Wu, Jun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cheng, Qiang</creatorcontrib><title>A Novel Design Approach Using Zero-Pole-Based Multiport Model for Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces</title><title>IEEE transactions on antennas and propagation</title><addtitle>TAP</addtitle><description>Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) are of potential use in 5G/6G wireless communications due to their tunable electromagnetic (EM) parameters for flexible beam manipulations. Two important parameters for RIS design are the reflection coefficient of the RIS element and the scattering pattern of the RIS. To realize rapid design of RISs, we propose a zero-pole-based multiport model to calculate the reflection coefficients and scattering patterns of RISs in this work. Specifically, the developed model establishes an accurate mapping relation between the element reflection coefficient and the loads on multiple internal ports by using the multiport S-parameter matrix. Additionally, the vector fitting method is employed to reduce the time cost of data acquisition for multiport S-parameters, in which a hybrid sampling scheme is employed to accelerate computation speed while keeping high accuracy. Using this model, we further develop an efficient far-field pattern prediction and synthesis algorithm for large-scale RIS design based on the antenna radiation superposition principle. The feasibility of the proposed model is demonstrated by an example of 3-bit RIS design, where the simulation results agree well with the measurement.</description><subject>Algorithms</subject><subject>Analytical models</subject><subject>Antenna design</subject><subject>Antennas and propagation</subject><subject>Beams (structural)</subject><subject>Data acquisition</subject><subject>Electromagnetic scattering</subject><subject>Far fields</subject><subject>Fitting</subject><subject>Multiport network</subject><subject>Parameters</subject><subject>Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces</subject><subject>reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs)</subject><subject>Reflectance</subject><subject>Reflection</subject><subject>Reflection coefficient</subject><subject>Scattering</subject><subject>Scattering parameters</subject><subject>scattering pattern</subject><subject>Superposition (mathematics)</subject><subject>Vectors</subject><subject>Wireless communication</subject><subject>Wireless communications</subject><subject>zero-pole model</subject><issn>0018-926X</issn><issn>1558-2221</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>RIE</sourceid><recordid>eNpNkL1PwzAQxS0EEqWwMzBYYk7xR2wnYyhflVqooJUQS-Q4l5AqxMVOkPjvcdUOTHcnvXd374fQJSUTSkl6s8qWE0ZYPOGx5IliR2hEhUgixhg9RiNCaBKlTL6fojPvN2GMkzgeIcjws_2BFt-Bb-oOZ9uts9p84rVvuhp_gLPR0rYQ3WoPJV4Mbd9srevxwpbBVVmHX8HYrmrqwemiBTzremjbpoaux2-Dq7QBf45OKt16uDjUMVo_3K-mT9H85XE2zeaRoUr0kTAgqEhETCQ1CiD8X4SWc1KokpQgYs6NkQWhJQDhIkQQSoYsutBSkYSP0fV-bwjxPYDv840dXBdO5pwGEqkikgUV2auMs947qPKta760-80pyXcw8wAz38HMDzCD5WpvaQDgn1ymsRKC_wETDG9a</recordid><startdate>20241101</startdate><enddate>20241101</enddate><creator>Zhang, Zhen</creator><creator>Wei Zhang, Jun</creator><creator>Juan Lv, Ying</creator><creator>Dong Li, Hui</creator><creator>Luo, Jiang</creator><creator>Wei Wu, Jun</creator><creator>Cheng, Qiang</creator><general>IEEE</general><general>The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)</general><scope>97E</scope><scope>RIA</scope><scope>RIE</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SP</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>L7M</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4698-8125</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4519-792X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8960-5689</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9752-9028</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2442-8357</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9764-1178</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20241101</creationdate><title>A Novel Design Approach Using Zero-Pole-Based Multiport Model for Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces</title><author>Zhang, Zhen ; Wei Zhang, Jun ; Juan Lv, Ying ; Dong Li, Hui ; Luo, Jiang ; Wei Wu, Jun ; Cheng, Qiang</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c175t-5ce515854061c7ee558b061330b7d0de5433cc6b01dee035484576001aba67083</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Algorithms</topic><topic>Analytical models</topic><topic>Antenna design</topic><topic>Antennas and propagation</topic><topic>Beams (structural)</topic><topic>Data acquisition</topic><topic>Electromagnetic scattering</topic><topic>Far fields</topic><topic>Fitting</topic><topic>Multiport network</topic><topic>Parameters</topic><topic>Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces</topic><topic>reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs)</topic><topic>Reflectance</topic><topic>Reflection</topic><topic>Reflection coefficient</topic><topic>Scattering</topic><topic>Scattering parameters</topic><topic>scattering pattern</topic><topic>Superposition (mathematics)</topic><topic>Vectors</topic><topic>Wireless communication</topic><topic>Wireless communications</topic><topic>zero-pole model</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Zhen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wei Zhang, Jun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Juan Lv, Ying</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dong Li, Hui</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Luo, Jiang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wei Wu, Jun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cheng, Qiang</creatorcontrib><collection>IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 2005-present</collection><collection>IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 1998-Present</collection><collection>IEEE Electronic Library (IEL)</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Electronics & Communications Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><jtitle>IEEE transactions on antennas and propagation</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext_linktorsrc</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Zhang, Zhen</au><au>Wei Zhang, Jun</au><au>Juan Lv, Ying</au><au>Dong Li, Hui</au><au>Luo, Jiang</au><au>Wei Wu, Jun</au><au>Cheng, Qiang</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>A Novel Design Approach Using Zero-Pole-Based Multiport Model for Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces</atitle><jtitle>IEEE transactions on antennas and propagation</jtitle><stitle>TAP</stitle><date>2024-11-01</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>72</volume><issue>11</issue><spage>8564</spage><epage>8574</epage><pages>8564-8574</pages><issn>0018-926X</issn><eissn>1558-2221</eissn><coden>IETPAK</coden><abstract>Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) are of potential use in 5G/6G wireless communications due to their tunable electromagnetic (EM) parameters for flexible beam manipulations. Two important parameters for RIS design are the reflection coefficient of the RIS element and the scattering pattern of the RIS. To realize rapid design of RISs, we propose a zero-pole-based multiport model to calculate the reflection coefficients and scattering patterns of RISs in this work. Specifically, the developed model establishes an accurate mapping relation between the element reflection coefficient and the loads on multiple internal ports by using the multiport S-parameter matrix. Additionally, the vector fitting method is employed to reduce the time cost of data acquisition for multiport S-parameters, in which a hybrid sampling scheme is employed to accelerate computation speed while keeping high accuracy. Using this model, we further develop an efficient far-field pattern prediction and synthesis algorithm for large-scale RIS design based on the antenna radiation superposition principle. The feasibility of the proposed model is demonstrated by an example of 3-bit RIS design, where the simulation results agree well with the measurement.</abstract><cop>New York</cop><pub>IEEE</pub><doi>10.1109/TAP.2024.3463872</doi><tpages>11</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4698-8125</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4519-792X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8960-5689</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9752-9028</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2442-8357</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9764-1178</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Algorithms Analytical models Antenna design Antennas and propagation Beams (structural) Data acquisition Electromagnetic scattering Far fields Fitting Multiport network Parameters Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) Reflectance Reflection Reflection coefficient Scattering Scattering parameters scattering pattern Superposition (mathematics) Vectors Wireless communication Wireless communications zero-pole model |
| title | A Novel Design Approach Using Zero-Pole-Based Multiport Model for Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces |
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