Phase-Only Multilevel LINC Architecture for Linearizing Chireix Outphasing Power Amplifiers
This letter presents a distinct approach to linearize Chireix outphasing power amplifiers (PAs), which is leveraging the multilevel linear-amplification-with-nonlinear-components (LINC) concept. The proposed architecture operates only on phase-modulated signals and is therefore compatible with digit...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | IEEE microwave and wireless components letters 2022-10, Vol.32 (10), p.1255-1258 |
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| creator | Mueller, Stefan Negra, Renato |
| description | This letter presents a distinct approach to linearize Chireix outphasing power amplifiers (PAs), which is leveraging the multilevel linear-amplification-with-nonlinear-components (LINC) concept. The proposed architecture operates only on phase-modulated signals and is therefore compatible with digital-like signal generation and distribution. The analysis of the architecture and a calibration algorithm are presented. The validity of the proposed concept is verified by the implementation of a prototype operating at 3.5 GHz, providing 42 dBm of peak output power. The prototype achieves −40.8 and −39.4 dB adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) and 1.73% and 1.94% error vector magnitude (EVM) for a 64- quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) modulated signal with 6.5 dB PAPR at 10 and 20 MHz bandwidth (BW), respectively. For an orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) modulated signal with 8.3 dB PAPR at 10 MHz BW, the ACLR and EVM are −40.2 dB and 2.64%, respectively. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1109/LMWC.2022.3173740 |
| format | Article |
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The proposed architecture operates only on phase-modulated signals and is therefore compatible with digital-like signal generation and distribution. The analysis of the architecture and a calibration algorithm are presented. The validity of the proposed concept is verified by the implementation of a prototype operating at 3.5 GHz, providing 42 dBm of peak output power. The prototype achieves −40.8 and −39.4 dB adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) and 1.73% and 1.94% error vector magnitude (EVM) for a 64- quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) modulated signal with 6.5 dB PAPR at 10 and 20 MHz bandwidth (BW), respectively. For an orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) modulated signal with 8.3 dB PAPR at 10 MHz BW, the ACLR and EVM are −40.2 dB and 2.64%, respectively.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1531-1309</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 2771-957X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1558-1764</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2771-9588</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1109/LMWC.2022.3173740</identifier><identifier>CODEN: IMWCBJ</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York: IEEE</publisher><subject>Algorithms ; Calibration ; Chireix ; digital predistortion (DPD) ; linear-amplification-with-nonlinear-components (LINC) ; Modulation ; Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing ; outphasing ; Peak to average power ratio ; Power amplifiers ; power amplifiers (PAs) ; Power generation ; Prototypes ; Quadrature amplitude modulation ; Signal generation ; Symbols ; Wireless communication</subject><ispartof>IEEE microwave and wireless components letters, 2022-10, Vol.32 (10), p.1255-1258</ispartof><rights>Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) 2022</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c175t-f5ce93f038713688bbf7e402b90bc1d73629ccbce3e8633e97e96293524d8813</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-9891-055X</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9777920$$EHTML$$P50$$Gieee$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,796,27924,27925,54758</link.rule.ids><linktorsrc>$$Uhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9777920$$EView_record_in_IEEE$$FView_record_in_$$GIEEE</linktorsrc></links><search><creatorcontrib>Mueller, Stefan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Negra, Renato</creatorcontrib><title>Phase-Only Multilevel LINC Architecture for Linearizing Chireix Outphasing Power Amplifiers</title><title>IEEE microwave and wireless components letters</title><addtitle>LMWC</addtitle><description>This letter presents a distinct approach to linearize Chireix outphasing power amplifiers (PAs), which is leveraging the multilevel linear-amplification-with-nonlinear-components (LINC) concept. The proposed architecture operates only on phase-modulated signals and is therefore compatible with digital-like signal generation and distribution. The analysis of the architecture and a calibration algorithm are presented. The validity of the proposed concept is verified by the implementation of a prototype operating at 3.5 GHz, providing 42 dBm of peak output power. The prototype achieves −40.8 and −39.4 dB adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) and 1.73% and 1.94% error vector magnitude (EVM) for a 64- quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) modulated signal with 6.5 dB PAPR at 10 and 20 MHz bandwidth (BW), respectively. For an orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) modulated signal with 8.3 dB PAPR at 10 MHz BW, the ACLR and EVM are −40.2 dB and 2.64%, respectively.</description><subject>Algorithms</subject><subject>Calibration</subject><subject>Chireix</subject><subject>digital predistortion (DPD)</subject><subject>linear-amplification-with-nonlinear-components (LINC)</subject><subject>Modulation</subject><subject>Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing</subject><subject>outphasing</subject><subject>Peak to average power ratio</subject><subject>Power amplifiers</subject><subject>power amplifiers (PAs)</subject><subject>Power generation</subject><subject>Prototypes</subject><subject>Quadrature amplitude modulation</subject><subject>Signal generation</subject><subject>Symbols</subject><subject>Wireless communication</subject><issn>1531-1309</issn><issn>2771-957X</issn><issn>1558-1764</issn><issn>2771-9588</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>RIE</sourceid><recordid>eNo9kEtLw0AUhQdRsFZ_gLgZcJ06r2RmliX4KKS2i4ILF0MyvbFT0qTOJGr99Sa0uLqHwznnwofQLSUTSol-yOZv6YQRxiacSi4FOUMjGscqojIR54PmNKKc6Et0FcKWECqUoCP0vtzkAaJFXR3wvKtaV8EXVDibvaZ46u3GtWDbzgMuG48zV0Pu3a-rP3C6cR7cD1507b6fGKxl8w0eT3f7ypUOfLhGF2VeBbg53TFaPT2u0pcoWzzP0mkWWSrjNipjC5qXhCtJeaJUUZQSBGGFJoWla8kTpq0tLHBQCeegJeje4jETa6UoH6P74-zeN58dhNZsm87X_UfDJGOxSIQifYoeU9Y3IXgozd67Xe4PhhIzIDQDQjMgNCeEfefu2HEA8J_XUkrNCP8D0Hpsww</recordid><startdate>20221001</startdate><enddate>20221001</enddate><creator>Mueller, Stefan</creator><creator>Negra, Renato</creator><general>IEEE</general><general>The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)</general><scope>97E</scope><scope>RIA</scope><scope>RIE</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SP</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>L7M</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9891-055X</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20221001</creationdate><title>Phase-Only Multilevel LINC Architecture for Linearizing Chireix Outphasing Power Amplifiers</title><author>Mueller, Stefan ; Negra, Renato</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c175t-f5ce93f038713688bbf7e402b90bc1d73629ccbce3e8633e97e96293524d8813</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Algorithms</topic><topic>Calibration</topic><topic>Chireix</topic><topic>digital predistortion (DPD)</topic><topic>linear-amplification-with-nonlinear-components (LINC)</topic><topic>Modulation</topic><topic>Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing</topic><topic>outphasing</topic><topic>Peak to average power ratio</topic><topic>Power amplifiers</topic><topic>power amplifiers (PAs)</topic><topic>Power generation</topic><topic>Prototypes</topic><topic>Quadrature amplitude modulation</topic><topic>Signal generation</topic><topic>Symbols</topic><topic>Wireless communication</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Mueller, Stefan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Negra, Renato</creatorcontrib><collection>IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 2005-present</collection><collection>IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 1998-Present</collection><collection>IEEE Electronic Library (IEL)</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Electronics & Communications Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><jtitle>IEEE microwave and wireless components letters</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext_linktorsrc</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Mueller, Stefan</au><au>Negra, Renato</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Phase-Only Multilevel LINC Architecture for Linearizing Chireix Outphasing Power Amplifiers</atitle><jtitle>IEEE microwave and wireless components letters</jtitle><stitle>LMWC</stitle><date>2022-10-01</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>32</volume><issue>10</issue><spage>1255</spage><epage>1258</epage><pages>1255-1258</pages><issn>1531-1309</issn><issn>2771-957X</issn><eissn>1558-1764</eissn><eissn>2771-9588</eissn><coden>IMWCBJ</coden><abstract>This letter presents a distinct approach to linearize Chireix outphasing power amplifiers (PAs), which is leveraging the multilevel linear-amplification-with-nonlinear-components (LINC) concept. The proposed architecture operates only on phase-modulated signals and is therefore compatible with digital-like signal generation and distribution. The analysis of the architecture and a calibration algorithm are presented. The validity of the proposed concept is verified by the implementation of a prototype operating at 3.5 GHz, providing 42 dBm of peak output power. The prototype achieves −40.8 and −39.4 dB adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) and 1.73% and 1.94% error vector magnitude (EVM) for a 64- quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) modulated signal with 6.5 dB PAPR at 10 and 20 MHz bandwidth (BW), respectively. For an orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) modulated signal with 8.3 dB PAPR at 10 MHz BW, the ACLR and EVM are −40.2 dB and 2.64%, respectively.</abstract><cop>New York</cop><pub>IEEE</pub><doi>10.1109/LMWC.2022.3173740</doi><tpages>4</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9891-055X</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| source | IEEE Electronic Library (IEL) |
| subjects | Algorithms Calibration Chireix digital predistortion (DPD) linear-amplification-with-nonlinear-components (LINC) Modulation Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing outphasing Peak to average power ratio Power amplifiers power amplifiers (PAs) Power generation Prototypes Quadrature amplitude modulation Signal generation Symbols Wireless communication |
| title | Phase-Only Multilevel LINC Architecture for Linearizing Chireix Outphasing Power Amplifiers |
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