A 66% Tuning-Range, 60-GHz Quadrature Ring Oscillator Using Current-Combining for Frequency Multiplication
This letter introduces a wide tuning range voltage-controlled oscillator with quadrature outputs, which uses current-combining for four times frequency multiplication from 15 to 60 GHz. The oscillator is based on an eight-stage interleaved ring oscillator (RO), where the supply currents of the oscil...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | IEEE microwave and wireless components letters 2022-02, Vol.32 (2), p.141-144 |
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| creator | Stadelmayer, Markus Schumacher, Tim Pretl, Harald |
| description | This letter introduces a wide tuning range voltage-controlled oscillator with quadrature outputs, which uses current-combining for four times frequency multiplication from 15 to 60 GHz. The oscillator is based on an eight-stage interleaved ring oscillator (RO), where the supply currents of the oscillator stages are reused for frequency multiplication and quadrature signal generation within two transformers. For this purpose, the RO is supplied through the primary center taps of the transformers. That results in an alternating current in the transformer with a frequency of four times the RO frequency. The secondary sides of the transformers provide the frequency multiplied quadrature-phase output signals. The oscillator (area: 0.135 mm 2 ) was fabricated in a 28-nm CMOS process. The measurement results show that it achieves a very wide tuning range of 66% and has a power demand of 15.3 mW at 60 GHz (PN: −63.5 dBc/Hz, FOM: −163.6 at 1-MHz offset). |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1109/LMWC.2021.3118324 |
| format | Article |
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The oscillator is based on an eight-stage interleaved ring oscillator (RO), where the supply currents of the oscillator stages are reused for frequency multiplication and quadrature signal generation within two transformers. For this purpose, the RO is supplied through the primary center taps of the transformers. That results in an alternating current in the transformer with a frequency of four times the RO frequency. The secondary sides of the transformers provide the frequency multiplied quadrature-phase output signals. The oscillator (area: 0.135 mm 2 ) was fabricated in a 28-nm CMOS process. The measurement results show that it achieves a very wide tuning range of 66% and has a power demand of 15.3 mW at 60 GHz (PN: −63.5 dBc/Hz, FOM: −163.6 at 1-MHz offset).</description><identifier>ISSN: 1531-1309</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 2771-957X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1558-1764</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2771-9588</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1109/LMWC.2021.3118324</identifier><identifier>CODEN: IMWCBJ</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York: IEEE</publisher><subject>Current-combining ; Electrons ; Inverters ; mm-wave ; Multiplication ; Oscillators ; Phase locked loops ; Phase noise ; Power demand ; quadrature signal ; Quadratures ; ring oscillator ; Signal generation ; Transformers ; Tuning ; Voltage controlled oscillators</subject><ispartof>IEEE microwave and wireless components letters, 2022-02, Vol.32 (2), p.141-144</ispartof><rights>Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) 2022</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c293t-beff1f02350f576d01c22db3f3b8328ccfbf4acbc56295fc7e5d8447b2c1a60d3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c293t-beff1f02350f576d01c22db3f3b8328ccfbf4acbc56295fc7e5d8447b2c1a60d3</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-0655-8243 ; 0000-0002-0751-2231 ; 0000-0003-1519-076X</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9585301$$EHTML$$P50$$Gieee$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,796,27924,27925,54758</link.rule.ids><linktorsrc>$$Uhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9585301$$EView_record_in_IEEE$$FView_record_in_$$GIEEE</linktorsrc></links><search><creatorcontrib>Stadelmayer, Markus</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schumacher, Tim</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pretl, Harald</creatorcontrib><title>A 66% Tuning-Range, 60-GHz Quadrature Ring Oscillator Using Current-Combining for Frequency Multiplication</title><title>IEEE microwave and wireless components letters</title><addtitle>LMWC</addtitle><description>This letter introduces a wide tuning range voltage-controlled oscillator with quadrature outputs, which uses current-combining for four times frequency multiplication from 15 to 60 GHz. The oscillator is based on an eight-stage interleaved ring oscillator (RO), where the supply currents of the oscillator stages are reused for frequency multiplication and quadrature signal generation within two transformers. For this purpose, the RO is supplied through the primary center taps of the transformers. That results in an alternating current in the transformer with a frequency of four times the RO frequency. The secondary sides of the transformers provide the frequency multiplied quadrature-phase output signals. The oscillator (area: 0.135 mm 2 ) was fabricated in a 28-nm CMOS process. The measurement results show that it achieves a very wide tuning range of 66% and has a power demand of 15.3 mW at 60 GHz (PN: −63.5 dBc/Hz, FOM: −163.6 at 1-MHz offset).</description><subject>Current-combining</subject><subject>Electrons</subject><subject>Inverters</subject><subject>mm-wave</subject><subject>Multiplication</subject><subject>Oscillators</subject><subject>Phase locked loops</subject><subject>Phase noise</subject><subject>Power demand</subject><subject>quadrature signal</subject><subject>Quadratures</subject><subject>ring oscillator</subject><subject>Signal generation</subject><subject>Transformers</subject><subject>Tuning</subject><subject>Voltage controlled oscillators</subject><issn>1531-1309</issn><issn>2771-957X</issn><issn>1558-1764</issn><issn>2771-9588</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>RIE</sourceid><recordid>eNo9UEtLAzEQDqJgrf4A8RIQb6Zm8tjHURbbCi3F0uIxZLNJSdnu1uzuof56d2nxNMN8j5n5EHoEOgGg6dti-Z1NGGUw4QAJZ-IKjUDKhEAcieuh50CA0_QW3TXNnlIQiYAR2r_jKHrBm67y1Y6sdbWzrziiZDb_xV-dLoJuu2DxukfxqjG-LHVbB7xthkHWhWCrlmT1IfeDAXY9Ng32p7OVOeFlV7b-WHqjW19X9-jG6bKxD5c6Rtvpxyabk8Vq9pm9L4hhKW9Jbp0DRxmX1Mk4KigYxoqcO573fyXGuNwJbXIjI5ZKZ2Iri0SIOGcGdEQLPkbPZ99jqPtDmlbt6y5U_UrFIhYnQvI07VlwZplQN02wTh2DP-hwUkDVEKkaIlVDpOoSaa95Omu8tfafn8pEcgr8D599ckY</recordid><startdate>20220201</startdate><enddate>20220201</enddate><creator>Stadelmayer, Markus</creator><creator>Schumacher, Tim</creator><creator>Pretl, Harald</creator><general>IEEE</general><general>The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)</general><scope>97E</scope><scope>RIA</scope><scope>RIE</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SP</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>L7M</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0655-8243</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0751-2231</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1519-076X</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20220201</creationdate><title>A 66% Tuning-Range, 60-GHz Quadrature Ring Oscillator Using Current-Combining for Frequency Multiplication</title><author>Stadelmayer, Markus ; Schumacher, Tim ; Pretl, Harald</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c293t-beff1f02350f576d01c22db3f3b8328ccfbf4acbc56295fc7e5d8447b2c1a60d3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Current-combining</topic><topic>Electrons</topic><topic>Inverters</topic><topic>mm-wave</topic><topic>Multiplication</topic><topic>Oscillators</topic><topic>Phase locked loops</topic><topic>Phase noise</topic><topic>Power demand</topic><topic>quadrature signal</topic><topic>Quadratures</topic><topic>ring oscillator</topic><topic>Signal generation</topic><topic>Transformers</topic><topic>Tuning</topic><topic>Voltage controlled oscillators</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Stadelmayer, Markus</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schumacher, Tim</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pretl, Harald</creatorcontrib><collection>IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 2005-present</collection><collection>IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 1998-Present</collection><collection>IEEE Xplore</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Electronics & Communications Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><jtitle>IEEE microwave and wireless components letters</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext_linktorsrc</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Stadelmayer, Markus</au><au>Schumacher, Tim</au><au>Pretl, Harald</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>A 66% Tuning-Range, 60-GHz Quadrature Ring Oscillator Using Current-Combining for Frequency Multiplication</atitle><jtitle>IEEE microwave and wireless components letters</jtitle><stitle>LMWC</stitle><date>2022-02-01</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>32</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>141</spage><epage>144</epage><pages>141-144</pages><issn>1531-1309</issn><issn>2771-957X</issn><eissn>1558-1764</eissn><eissn>2771-9588</eissn><coden>IMWCBJ</coden><abstract>This letter introduces a wide tuning range voltage-controlled oscillator with quadrature outputs, which uses current-combining for four times frequency multiplication from 15 to 60 GHz. The oscillator is based on an eight-stage interleaved ring oscillator (RO), where the supply currents of the oscillator stages are reused for frequency multiplication and quadrature signal generation within two transformers. For this purpose, the RO is supplied through the primary center taps of the transformers. That results in an alternating current in the transformer with a frequency of four times the RO frequency. The secondary sides of the transformers provide the frequency multiplied quadrature-phase output signals. The oscillator (area: 0.135 mm 2 ) was fabricated in a 28-nm CMOS process. The measurement results show that it achieves a very wide tuning range of 66% and has a power demand of 15.3 mW at 60 GHz (PN: −63.5 dBc/Hz, FOM: −163.6 at 1-MHz offset).</abstract><cop>New York</cop><pub>IEEE</pub><doi>10.1109/LMWC.2021.3118324</doi><tpages>4</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0655-8243</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0751-2231</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1519-076X</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | IEEE microwave and wireless components letters, 2022-02, Vol.32 (2), p.141-144 |
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| language | eng |
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| source | IEEE Xplore |
| subjects | Current-combining Electrons Inverters mm-wave Multiplication Oscillators Phase locked loops Phase noise Power demand quadrature signal Quadratures ring oscillator Signal generation Transformers Tuning Voltage controlled oscillators |
| title | A 66% Tuning-Range, 60-GHz Quadrature Ring Oscillator Using Current-Combining for Frequency Multiplication |
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