Life or death: disease-tolerant coral species activate autophagy following immune challenge
Global climate change has increased the number and severity of stressors affecting species, yet not all species respond equally to these stressors. Organisms may employ cellular mechanisms such as apoptosis and autophagy in responding to stressful events. These two pathways are often mutually exclus...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Proceedings of the Royal Society. B, Biological sciences Biological sciences, 2017-06, Vol.284 (1856), p.20170771-20170771 |
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creator | Fuess, Lauren E. Pinzón C, Jorge H. Weil, Ernesto Grinshpon, Robert D. Mydlarz, Laura D. |
description | Global climate change has increased the number and severity of stressors affecting species, yet not all species respond equally to these stressors. Organisms may employ cellular mechanisms such as apoptosis and autophagy in responding to stressful events. These two pathways are often mutually exclusive, dictating whether a cell adapts or dies. In order to examine differences in cellular response to stress, we compared the immune response of four coral species with a range of disease susceptibility. Using RNA-seq and novel pathway analysis, we were able to identify differences in response to immune stimulation between these species. Disease-susceptible species Orbicella faveolata activated pathways associated with apoptosis. By contrast, disease-tolerant species Porites porites and Porites astreoides activated autophagic pathways. Moderately susceptible species Pseudodiploria strigosa activated a mixture of these pathways. These findings were corroborated by apoptotic caspase protein assays, which indicated increased caspase activity following immune stimulation in susceptible species. Our results indicate that in response to immune stress, disease-tolerant species activate cellular adaptive mechanisms such as autophagy, while susceptible species turn on cell death pathways. Differences in these cellular maintenance pathways may therefore influence the organismal stress response. Further study of these pathways will increase understanding of differential stress response and species survival in the face of changing environments. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1098/rspb.2017.0771 |
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Organisms may employ cellular mechanisms such as apoptosis and autophagy in responding to stressful events. These two pathways are often mutually exclusive, dictating whether a cell adapts or dies. In order to examine differences in cellular response to stress, we compared the immune response of four coral species with a range of disease susceptibility. Using RNA-seq and novel pathway analysis, we were able to identify differences in response to immune stimulation between these species. Disease-susceptible species Orbicella faveolata activated pathways associated with apoptosis. By contrast, disease-tolerant species Porites porites and Porites astreoides activated autophagic pathways. Moderately susceptible species Pseudodiploria strigosa activated a mixture of these pathways. These findings were corroborated by apoptotic caspase protein assays, which indicated increased caspase activity following immune stimulation in susceptible species. Our results indicate that in response to immune stress, disease-tolerant species activate cellular adaptive mechanisms such as autophagy, while susceptible species turn on cell death pathways. Differences in these cellular maintenance pathways may therefore influence the organismal stress response. Further study of these pathways will increase understanding of differential stress response and species survival in the face of changing environments.</description><edition>Royal Society (Great Britain)</edition><identifier>ISSN: 0962-8452</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1471-2954</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2017.0771</identifier><identifier>PMID: 28592676</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: The Royal Society</publisher><subject>Animals ; Anthozoa - immunology ; Apoptosis ; Autophagy ; Caspase ; Cell Death ; Cellular stress response ; Changing environments ; Climate Change ; Coral ; Disease Resistance - immunology ; Ecology ; Immune response ; Immune system ; Immunity ; Phagocytosis ; Ribonucleic acid ; RNA ; Species ; Stimulation ; Stress response ; Stresses</subject><ispartof>Proceedings of the Royal Society. 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B, Biological sciences</title><addtitle>Proc. R. Soc. B</addtitle><addtitle>Proc Biol Sci</addtitle><description>Global climate change has increased the number and severity of stressors affecting species, yet not all species respond equally to these stressors. Organisms may employ cellular mechanisms such as apoptosis and autophagy in responding to stressful events. These two pathways are often mutually exclusive, dictating whether a cell adapts or dies. In order to examine differences in cellular response to stress, we compared the immune response of four coral species with a range of disease susceptibility. Using RNA-seq and novel pathway analysis, we were able to identify differences in response to immune stimulation between these species. Disease-susceptible species Orbicella faveolata activated pathways associated with apoptosis. By contrast, disease-tolerant species Porites porites and Porites astreoides activated autophagic pathways. Moderately susceptible species Pseudodiploria strigosa activated a mixture of these pathways. These findings were corroborated by apoptotic caspase protein assays, which indicated increased caspase activity following immune stimulation in susceptible species. Our results indicate that in response to immune stress, disease-tolerant species activate cellular adaptive mechanisms such as autophagy, while susceptible species turn on cell death pathways. Differences in these cellular maintenance pathways may therefore influence the organismal stress response. Further study of these pathways will increase understanding of differential stress response and species survival in the face of changing environments.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Anthozoa - immunology</subject><subject>Apoptosis</subject><subject>Autophagy</subject><subject>Caspase</subject><subject>Cell Death</subject><subject>Cellular stress response</subject><subject>Changing environments</subject><subject>Climate Change</subject><subject>Coral</subject><subject>Disease Resistance - immunology</subject><subject>Ecology</subject><subject>Immune response</subject><subject>Immune system</subject><subject>Immunity</subject><subject>Phagocytosis</subject><subject>Ribonucleic acid</subject><subject>RNA</subject><subject>Species</subject><subject>Stimulation</subject><subject>Stress response</subject><subject>Stresses</subject><issn>0962-8452</issn><issn>1471-2954</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2017</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kUtv1DAUhSMEotPCliWKxIZNBj9jmwUSVOUhjQTisWJhOc6dGZckTm1n0PDrcZihaivBxnfh75x7rk5RPMFoiZGSL0IcmyVBWCyREPhescBM4Ioozu4XC6RqUknGyUlxGuMlQkhxyR8WJ0RyRWpRL4rvK7eG0oeyBZO2L8vWRTARquQ7CGZIpfXBdGUcwTqIpbHJ7UyC0kzJj1uz2Zdr33X-pxs2pev7aYDSbk3XwbCBR8WDtekiPD7Os-Lb24uv5--r1cd3H85frypbE5kq2loJigggsrGNssQwBkJQzqgAgxVSTOSnbSwohQ3Ups4SxXDNieWc0rPi1cF3nJoeWgtDypn1GFxvwl574_Ttn8Ft9cbvNGeCIYmzwfOjQfBXE8SkexctdJ0ZwE9R5wyCElyTGX12B730UxjyeZmSVNFaMpap5YGywccYYH0dBiM996bn3vTcm557y4KnN0-4xv8WlQF6AILf52U-t5H2N3b_y_bH_1Sfv3x6syOSOSx5rZGkGAmmKNG_3Hi0kky7GCfQf5Db9ne3_QZLOMnT</recordid><startdate>20170614</startdate><enddate>20170614</enddate><creator>Fuess, Lauren E.</creator><creator>Pinzón C, Jorge H.</creator><creator>Weil, Ernesto</creator><creator>Grinshpon, Robert D.</creator><creator>Mydlarz, Laura D.</creator><general>The Royal Society</general><general>The Royal Society Publishing</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7QR</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0197-7326</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20170614</creationdate><title>Life or death: disease-tolerant coral species activate autophagy following immune challenge</title><author>Fuess, Lauren E. ; Pinzón C, Jorge H. ; Weil, Ernesto ; Grinshpon, Robert D. ; Mydlarz, Laura D.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c628t-3dc8e927e28bcb9c2a44e7735437ea190947909dbce991ae6a63dc941652c5533</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2017</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Anthozoa - immunology</topic><topic>Apoptosis</topic><topic>Autophagy</topic><topic>Caspase</topic><topic>Cell Death</topic><topic>Cellular stress response</topic><topic>Changing environments</topic><topic>Climate Change</topic><topic>Coral</topic><topic>Disease Resistance - immunology</topic><topic>Ecology</topic><topic>Immune response</topic><topic>Immune system</topic><topic>Immunity</topic><topic>Phagocytosis</topic><topic>Ribonucleic acid</topic><topic>RNA</topic><topic>Species</topic><topic>Stimulation</topic><topic>Stress response</topic><topic>Stresses</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Fuess, Lauren E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pinzón C, Jorge H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Weil, Ernesto</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Grinshpon, Robert D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mydlarz, Laura D.</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Chemoreception Abstracts</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Proceedings of the Royal Society. 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subjects | Animals Anthozoa - immunology Apoptosis Autophagy Caspase Cell Death Cellular stress response Changing environments Climate Change Coral Disease Resistance - immunology Ecology Immune response Immune system Immunity Phagocytosis Ribonucleic acid RNA Species Stimulation Stress response Stresses |
title | Life or death: disease-tolerant coral species activate autophagy following immune challenge |
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