Causes and therapy of hyperinsulinism in infancy

ABSTRACTHyperinsulinism in infancy is a potentially lethal condition of neonates and occurs during early childhood as well. From defects in ion channel subunit genes to lesions in the control of β-cell metabolism and anaplerosis, the causes of hyperinsulinism in infancy are both varied and numerous. However, in all cases they appear to share a common target proteinthe ATP-sensitive K channel. This review focuses on the relation between causes of hyperinsulinism in infancy and current treatment options.