Zodiacal exoplanets in time – XI. The orbit and radiation environment of the young M dwarf-hosted planet K2-25b

ABSTRACT M dwarf stars are high-priority targets for searches for Earth-size and potentially Earth-like planets, but their planetary systems may form and evolve in very different circumstellar environments than those of solar-type stars. To explore the evolution of these systems, we obtained transit...

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Veröffentlicht in:Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Letters 2020-10, Vol.498 (1), p.L119-L124
Hauptverfasser: Gaidos, E, Hirano, T, Wilson, D J, France, K, Rockcliffe, K, Newton, E, Feiden, G, Krishnamurthy, V, Harakawa, H, Hodapp, K W, Ishizuka, M, Jacobson, S, Konishi, M, Kotani, T, Kudo, T, Kurokawa, T, Kuzuhara, M, Nishikawa, J, Omiya, M, Serizawa, T, Tamura, M, Ueda, A, Vievard, S
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container_title Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Letters
container_volume 498
creator Gaidos, E
Hirano, T
Wilson, D J
France, K
Rockcliffe, K
Newton, E
Feiden, G
Krishnamurthy, V
Harakawa, H
Hodapp, K W
Ishizuka, M
Jacobson, S
Konishi, M
Kotani, T
Kudo, T
Kurokawa, T
Kuzuhara, M
Nishikawa, J
Omiya, M
Serizawa, T
Tamura, M
Ueda, A
Vievard, S
description ABSTRACT M dwarf stars are high-priority targets for searches for Earth-size and potentially Earth-like planets, but their planetary systems may form and evolve in very different circumstellar environments than those of solar-type stars. To explore the evolution of these systems, we obtained transit spectroscopy and photometry of the Neptune-size planet orbiting the ≈650-Myr-old Hyades M dwarf K2-25. An analysis of the variation in spectral line shape induced by the Doppler ‘shadow’ of the planet indicates that the planet’s orbit is closely aligned with the stellar equator ($\lambda =-1.7_{-3.7}^{+5.8}$ deg), and that an eccentric orbit found by previous work could arise from perturbations by another planet on a coplanar orbit. We detect no significant variation in the depth of the He i line at 1083 nm during transit. A model of atmospheric escape as an isothermal Parker wind with a solar composition shows that this non-detection is not constraining compared to escape rate predictions of ∼0.1 M⊕  Gyr−1; at such rates, at least several Gyr are required for a Neptune-like planet to evolve into a rocky super-Earth.
doi_str_mv 10.1093/mnrasl/slaa136
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title Zodiacal exoplanets in time – XI. The orbit and radiation environment of the young M dwarf-hosted planet K2-25b
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