X-shooter survey of young intermediate-mass stars – I. Stellar characterization and disc evolution

ABSTRACT Intermediate-mass stars (IMSs) represent the link between low-mass and high-mass stars, and cover a key mass range for giant planet formation. In this paper, we present a spectroscopic survey of 241 young IMS candidates with IR-excess, the most complete unbiased sample to date within 300 pc...

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Veröffentlicht in:Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 2023-01, Vol.519 (3), p.3958-3975
Hauptverfasser: Iglesias, Daniela P, Panić, Olja, van den Ancker, Mario, Petr-Gotzens, Monika G, Siess, Lionel, Vioque, Miguel, Pascucci, Ilaria, Oudmaijer, René, Miley, James
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container_issue 3
container_start_page 3958
container_title Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
container_volume 519
creator Iglesias, Daniela P
Panić, Olja
van den Ancker, Mario
Petr-Gotzens, Monika G
Siess, Lionel
Vioque, Miguel
Pascucci, Ilaria
Oudmaijer, René
Miley, James
description ABSTRACT Intermediate-mass stars (IMSs) represent the link between low-mass and high-mass stars, and cover a key mass range for giant planet formation. In this paper, we present a spectroscopic survey of 241 young IMS candidates with IR-excess, the most complete unbiased sample to date within 300 pc. We combined VLT/X-Shooter spectra with BVR photometric observations and Gaia DR3 distances to estimate fundamental stellar parameters such as Teff, mass, radius, age, and luminosity. We further selected those stars within the intermediate-mass range 1.5 ≤ M⋆/M⊙ ≤ 3.5, and discarded old contaminants. We used 2MASS and WISE photometry to study the IR-excesses of the sample, finding 92 previously unidentified stars with IR-excess. We classified this sample into ‘protoplanetary’, ‘hybrid candidates’, and ‘debris’ discs based on their observed fractional excess at 12 $\mu$m, finding a new population of 17 hybrid disc candidates. We studied inner disc dispersal time-scales for $\lambda < 10 \,\mu$m and found very different trends for IMSs and low-mass stars (LMSs). IMSs show excesses dropping fast during the first 6 Myr independently of the wavelength, while LMSs show consistently lower fractions of excess at the shortest wavelengths, and increasingly higher fractions for longer wavelengths with slower dispersal rates. In conclusion, this study demonstrates empirically that IMSs dissipate their inner discs very differently than LMSs, providing a possible explanation for the lack of short period planets around IMSs.
doi_str_mv 10.1093/mnras/stac3619
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We further selected those stars within the intermediate-mass range 1.5 ≤ M⋆/M⊙ ≤ 3.5, and discarded old contaminants. We used 2MASS and WISE photometry to study the IR-excesses of the sample, finding 92 previously unidentified stars with IR-excess. We classified this sample into ‘protoplanetary’, ‘hybrid candidates’, and ‘debris’ discs based on their observed fractional excess at 12 $\mu$m, finding a new population of 17 hybrid disc candidates. We studied inner disc dispersal time-scales for $\lambda &lt; 10 \,\mu$m and found very different trends for IMSs and low-mass stars (LMSs). IMSs show excesses dropping fast during the first 6 Myr independently of the wavelength, while LMSs show consistently lower fractions of excess at the shortest wavelengths, and increasingly higher fractions for longer wavelengths with slower dispersal rates. 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We classified this sample into ‘protoplanetary’, ‘hybrid candidates’, and ‘debris’ discs based on their observed fractional excess at 12 $\mu$m, finding a new population of 17 hybrid disc candidates. We studied inner disc dispersal time-scales for $\lambda &lt; 10 \,\mu$m and found very different trends for IMSs and low-mass stars (LMSs). IMSs show excesses dropping fast during the first 6 Myr independently of the wavelength, while LMSs show consistently lower fractions of excess at the shortest wavelengths, and increasingly higher fractions for longer wavelengths with slower dispersal rates. 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Stellar characterization and disc evolution</atitle><jtitle>Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</jtitle><date>2023-01-09</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>519</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>3958</spage><epage>3975</epage><pages>3958-3975</pages><issn>0035-8711</issn><eissn>1365-2966</eissn><abstract>ABSTRACT Intermediate-mass stars (IMSs) represent the link between low-mass and high-mass stars, and cover a key mass range for giant planet formation. In this paper, we present a spectroscopic survey of 241 young IMS candidates with IR-excess, the most complete unbiased sample to date within 300 pc. We combined VLT/X-Shooter spectra with BVR photometric observations and Gaia DR3 distances to estimate fundamental stellar parameters such as Teff, mass, radius, age, and luminosity. We further selected those stars within the intermediate-mass range 1.5 ≤ M⋆/M⊙ ≤ 3.5, and discarded old contaminants. 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title X-shooter survey of young intermediate-mass stars – I. Stellar characterization and disc evolution
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