Arterial stiffness measured according to the cardio-ankle vascular index in the persons with pre-diabetes and diabetes mellitus in the population sample of the Russian Federation

Abstract Aims To study the characteristics of the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) and predictors of increased arterial stiffness in patients with carbohydrate metabolism disorders (CMD). Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted within the framework of the multicenter epidemiological study “Epidemiology of cardiovascular diseases and their risk factors in the Russian Federation” (ESSE-RF) from March to October 2013. The object was a random population sample of the adult male and female population of the Kemerovo region (Western Siberia, Russia) aged of 25–64 years. The standard protocol of the ESSE-RF has been expanded with investigation of peripheral arteries wall stiffness (VaSeraVS-1000, Fukuda Denshi, Japan) with automatic CAVI calculation. A total of 1617 subjects were divided into three groups: group 1 – patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (n=272), group 2 – patients with pre-diabetes (n=44), group 3 –without any confirmed CMD (n=1301). Results A trend for the similarity of clinical, instrumental (including arterial stiffness measured by CAVI) and laboratory characteristics in patients with type 2 diabetes and prediabetes was revealed, with a significant difference from patients without CMD. A direct correlations of CAVI with age (p