Particle pump-out induced by trapped electron mode turbulence in electron cyclotron heated plasmas on XuanLong-50 spherical torus
Particle pump-out effects induced by low-frequency (
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Nuclear fusion 2023-07, Vol.63 (7), p.76024 |
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| creator | Wang, Mingyuan Li, Jia Bai, Yukun Dong, Jiaqi Shi, Yuejiang Zou, Xiaolan Liu, Adi Zhuang, Ge Li, Hongyue Li, Songjian Song, Shaodong Sun, Tiantian Liu, Bing Song, Xianming Liu, Minsheng Yuan, Baoshan Martin Peng, Y.-K. |
| description | Particle pump-out effects induced by low-frequency ( |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1088/1741-4326/acd4d2 |
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| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>hal_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_crossref_primary_10_1088_1741_4326_acd4d2</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><doaj_id>oai_doaj_org_article_97d6ff0fb9b548cbb0e0174568ad0178</doaj_id><sourcerecordid>oai_HAL_cea_04790430v1</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c453t-d837b366c1f1dbb22532f12fb762fa4c00931ab8705affa4bc89de8720c67df23</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp1UU1rFEEUHETBNcnd45wEwTGvv6Z7jiGoCSzoIUJuzeuv7Cyz00P3jLDH_HN7MyEi6OkV9arqUFVV7wl8JqDUJZGcNJzR9hKt446-qjYv1OtqA0C7Rggi3lbvct4DEE4Y21SPPzDNvR18PS2HqYnLXPejW6x3tTnWc8JpKtAP3s4pjvUhOl_PSzLL4Efri_bPzx7tEJ_QzuNcXNOA-YC5Lsz9guM2jg-NgDpPO596i0M9x7Tk8-pNwCH7i-d7Vv38-uXu-qbZfv92e321bSwXbG6cYtKwtrUkEGcMpYLRQGgwsqUBuQXoGEGjJAgMhTBWdc4rScG20gXKzqrbNddF3Osp9QdMRx2x109ETA_6uQrdSdeGAMF0RnBljQEPpUzRKnQFqJL1cc3a4fBX1M3VVluPGrjsgDP4RYoWVq1NMefkw4uBgD5Np0876dNOep2uWD6slj5Oeh-XNJZi9Bh0y7TUIFugXE8uFOGnfwj_m_sbQBapGg</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Website</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype></control><display><type>article</type><title>Particle pump-out induced by trapped electron mode turbulence in electron cyclotron heated plasmas on XuanLong-50 spherical torus</title><source>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</source><source>Institute of Physics Open Access Journal Titles</source><creator>Wang, Mingyuan ; Li, Jia ; Bai, Yukun ; Dong, Jiaqi ; Shi, Yuejiang ; Zou, Xiaolan ; Liu, Adi ; Zhuang, Ge ; Li, Hongyue ; Li, Songjian ; Song, Shaodong ; Sun, Tiantian ; Liu, Bing ; Song, Xianming ; Liu, Minsheng ; Yuan, Baoshan ; Martin Peng, Y.-K.</creator><creatorcontrib>Wang, Mingyuan ; Li, Jia ; Bai, Yukun ; Dong, Jiaqi ; Shi, Yuejiang ; Zou, Xiaolan ; Liu, Adi ; Zhuang, Ge ; Li, Hongyue ; Li, Songjian ; Song, Shaodong ; Sun, Tiantian ; Liu, Bing ; Song, Xianming ; Liu, Minsheng ; Yuan, Baoshan ; Martin Peng, Y.-K.</creatorcontrib><description>Particle pump-out effects induced by low-frequency (<200 kHz) density fluctuations were observed in solely electron cyclotron wave (ECW)-heated plasmas on the spherical torus XuanLong-50 (EXL-50) without a central solenoid. The intensity of the relative density fluctuations increases with increasing ECW power and decays when the ECW is turned off while sustaining the plasma current. The electron densities are maintained relatively high and steady when the density fluctuations are completely absent, indicating that the outward transport of electrons is dominated by the particle pump-out effect of the ECW. The density fluctuations are modulated by a supersonic molecular beam injection pulse and the modulation amplitude decreases with increasing electron density at the same ECW injection power and decreasing ECW power at the same electron density, respectively. Analysis revealed that a critical value of electron temperature gradient (ETG) triggers the density fluctuations, and the intensity of the relative density fluctuations is positively correlated with the ETG and approximately inversely proportional to the effective collision frequency. With plasma parameters similar to those of EXL-50 experiments, the HD7 code simulations demonstrate that trapped electron mode (TEM) turbulence can be excited by ETG higher than the critical value observed in the experiment. In addition, the dependence of the mode growth rate (supposed to be proportional to the saturation level of fluctuations in quasi-linear theory) and the measured intensity of the density fluctuations is comparable. The simulated outward particle flux integrated over the poloidal wave number spectrum is significant and proportional to ETG. These observations demonstrate that the density fluctuation is TEM turbulence, which is driven by ETG and induces particle pump-out when the electron density/effective electron collision frequency is low. The potential relevance of this work with the controls of plasma profiles, impurities, helium ash, and heat transport in future reactors of similar low effective collision frequency is also discussed.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0029-5515</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1741-4326</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1088/1741-4326/acd4d2</identifier><identifier>CODEN: NUFUAU</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>IOP Publishing</publisher><subject>ECW particle pump-out ; Engineering Sciences ; Physics ; TEM ; temperature gradient ; turbulent transport</subject><ispartof>Nuclear fusion, 2023-07, Vol.63 (7), p.76024</ispartof><rights>2023 The Author(s). Published on behalf of IAEA by IOP Publishing Ltd</rights><rights>Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c453t-d837b366c1f1dbb22532f12fb762fa4c00931ab8705affa4bc89de8720c67df23</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c453t-d837b366c1f1dbb22532f12fb762fa4c00931ab8705affa4bc89de8720c67df23</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-3164-7320 ; 0000-0002-1181-2202 ; 0000-0003-2293-9513</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1741-4326/acd4d2/pdf$$EPDF$$P50$$Giop$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><link.rule.ids>230,314,776,780,860,881,2096,27901,27902,38867,53842</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://cea.hal.science/cea-04790430$$DView record in HAL$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Wang, Mingyuan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Jia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bai, Yukun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dong, Jiaqi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shi, Yuejiang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zou, Xiaolan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Adi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhuang, Ge</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Hongyue</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Songjian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Song, Shaodong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sun, Tiantian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Bing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Song, Xianming</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Minsheng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yuan, Baoshan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Martin Peng, Y.-K.</creatorcontrib><title>Particle pump-out induced by trapped electron mode turbulence in electron cyclotron heated plasmas on XuanLong-50 spherical torus</title><title>Nuclear fusion</title><addtitle>NF</addtitle><addtitle>Nucl. Fusion</addtitle><description>Particle pump-out effects induced by low-frequency (<200 kHz) density fluctuations were observed in solely electron cyclotron wave (ECW)-heated plasmas on the spherical torus XuanLong-50 (EXL-50) without a central solenoid. The intensity of the relative density fluctuations increases with increasing ECW power and decays when the ECW is turned off while sustaining the plasma current. The electron densities are maintained relatively high and steady when the density fluctuations are completely absent, indicating that the outward transport of electrons is dominated by the particle pump-out effect of the ECW. The density fluctuations are modulated by a supersonic molecular beam injection pulse and the modulation amplitude decreases with increasing electron density at the same ECW injection power and decreasing ECW power at the same electron density, respectively. Analysis revealed that a critical value of electron temperature gradient (ETG) triggers the density fluctuations, and the intensity of the relative density fluctuations is positively correlated with the ETG and approximately inversely proportional to the effective collision frequency. With plasma parameters similar to those of EXL-50 experiments, the HD7 code simulations demonstrate that trapped electron mode (TEM) turbulence can be excited by ETG higher than the critical value observed in the experiment. In addition, the dependence of the mode growth rate (supposed to be proportional to the saturation level of fluctuations in quasi-linear theory) and the measured intensity of the density fluctuations is comparable. The simulated outward particle flux integrated over the poloidal wave number spectrum is significant and proportional to ETG. These observations demonstrate that the density fluctuation is TEM turbulence, which is driven by ETG and induces particle pump-out when the electron density/effective electron collision frequency is low. The potential relevance of this work with the controls of plasma profiles, impurities, helium ash, and heat transport in future reactors of similar low effective collision frequency is also discussed.</description><subject>ECW particle pump-out</subject><subject>Engineering Sciences</subject><subject>Physics</subject><subject>TEM</subject><subject>temperature gradient</subject><subject>turbulent transport</subject><issn>0029-5515</issn><issn>1741-4326</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>O3W</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNp1UU1rFEEUHETBNcnd45wEwTGvv6Z7jiGoCSzoIUJuzeuv7Cyz00P3jLDH_HN7MyEi6OkV9arqUFVV7wl8JqDUJZGcNJzR9hKt446-qjYv1OtqA0C7Rggi3lbvct4DEE4Y21SPPzDNvR18PS2HqYnLXPejW6x3tTnWc8JpKtAP3s4pjvUhOl_PSzLL4Efri_bPzx7tEJ_QzuNcXNOA-YC5Lsz9guM2jg-NgDpPO596i0M9x7Tk8-pNwCH7i-d7Vv38-uXu-qbZfv92e321bSwXbG6cYtKwtrUkEGcMpYLRQGgwsqUBuQXoGEGjJAgMhTBWdc4rScG20gXKzqrbNddF3Osp9QdMRx2x109ETA_6uQrdSdeGAMF0RnBljQEPpUzRKnQFqJL1cc3a4fBX1M3VVluPGrjsgDP4RYoWVq1NMefkw4uBgD5Np0876dNOep2uWD6slj5Oeh-XNJZi9Bh0y7TUIFugXE8uFOGnfwj_m_sbQBapGg</recordid><startdate>20230701</startdate><enddate>20230701</enddate><creator>Wang, Mingyuan</creator><creator>Li, Jia</creator><creator>Bai, Yukun</creator><creator>Dong, Jiaqi</creator><creator>Shi, Yuejiang</creator><creator>Zou, Xiaolan</creator><creator>Liu, Adi</creator><creator>Zhuang, Ge</creator><creator>Li, Hongyue</creator><creator>Li, Songjian</creator><creator>Song, Shaodong</creator><creator>Sun, Tiantian</creator><creator>Liu, Bing</creator><creator>Song, Xianming</creator><creator>Liu, Minsheng</creator><creator>Yuan, Baoshan</creator><creator>Martin Peng, Y.-K.</creator><general>IOP Publishing</general><scope>O3W</scope><scope>TSCCA</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>1XC</scope><scope>VOOES</scope><scope>DOA</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3164-7320</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1181-2202</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2293-9513</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20230701</creationdate><title>Particle pump-out induced by trapped electron mode turbulence in electron cyclotron heated plasmas on XuanLong-50 spherical torus</title><author>Wang, Mingyuan ; Li, Jia ; Bai, Yukun ; Dong, Jiaqi ; Shi, Yuejiang ; Zou, Xiaolan ; Liu, Adi ; Zhuang, Ge ; Li, Hongyue ; Li, Songjian ; Song, Shaodong ; Sun, Tiantian ; Liu, Bing ; Song, Xianming ; Liu, Minsheng ; Yuan, Baoshan ; Martin Peng, Y.-K.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c453t-d837b366c1f1dbb22532f12fb762fa4c00931ab8705affa4bc89de8720c67df23</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>ECW particle pump-out</topic><topic>Engineering Sciences</topic><topic>Physics</topic><topic>TEM</topic><topic>temperature gradient</topic><topic>turbulent transport</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Wang, Mingyuan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Jia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bai, Yukun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dong, Jiaqi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shi, Yuejiang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zou, Xiaolan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Adi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhuang, Ge</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Hongyue</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Songjian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Song, Shaodong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sun, Tiantian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Bing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Song, Xianming</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Minsheng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yuan, Baoshan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Martin Peng, Y.-K.</creatorcontrib><collection>Institute of Physics Open Access Journal Titles</collection><collection>IOPscience (Open Access)</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Hyper Article en Ligne (HAL)</collection><collection>Hyper Article en Ligne (HAL) (Open Access)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>Nuclear fusion</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Wang, Mingyuan</au><au>Li, Jia</au><au>Bai, Yukun</au><au>Dong, Jiaqi</au><au>Shi, Yuejiang</au><au>Zou, Xiaolan</au><au>Liu, Adi</au><au>Zhuang, Ge</au><au>Li, Hongyue</au><au>Li, Songjian</au><au>Song, Shaodong</au><au>Sun, Tiantian</au><au>Liu, Bing</au><au>Song, Xianming</au><au>Liu, Minsheng</au><au>Yuan, Baoshan</au><au>Martin Peng, Y.-K.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Particle pump-out induced by trapped electron mode turbulence in electron cyclotron heated plasmas on XuanLong-50 spherical torus</atitle><jtitle>Nuclear fusion</jtitle><stitle>NF</stitle><addtitle>Nucl. Fusion</addtitle><date>2023-07-01</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>63</volume><issue>7</issue><spage>76024</spage><pages>76024-</pages><issn>0029-5515</issn><eissn>1741-4326</eissn><coden>NUFUAU</coden><abstract>Particle pump-out effects induced by low-frequency (<200 kHz) density fluctuations were observed in solely electron cyclotron wave (ECW)-heated plasmas on the spherical torus XuanLong-50 (EXL-50) without a central solenoid. The intensity of the relative density fluctuations increases with increasing ECW power and decays when the ECW is turned off while sustaining the plasma current. The electron densities are maintained relatively high and steady when the density fluctuations are completely absent, indicating that the outward transport of electrons is dominated by the particle pump-out effect of the ECW. The density fluctuations are modulated by a supersonic molecular beam injection pulse and the modulation amplitude decreases with increasing electron density at the same ECW injection power and decreasing ECW power at the same electron density, respectively. Analysis revealed that a critical value of electron temperature gradient (ETG) triggers the density fluctuations, and the intensity of the relative density fluctuations is positively correlated with the ETG and approximately inversely proportional to the effective collision frequency. With plasma parameters similar to those of EXL-50 experiments, the HD7 code simulations demonstrate that trapped electron mode (TEM) turbulence can be excited by ETG higher than the critical value observed in the experiment. In addition, the dependence of the mode growth rate (supposed to be proportional to the saturation level of fluctuations in quasi-linear theory) and the measured intensity of the density fluctuations is comparable. The simulated outward particle flux integrated over the poloidal wave number spectrum is significant and proportional to ETG. These observations demonstrate that the density fluctuation is TEM turbulence, which is driven by ETG and induces particle pump-out when the electron density/effective electron collision frequency is low. The potential relevance of this work with the controls of plasma profiles, impurities, helium ash, and heat transport in future reactors of similar low effective collision frequency is also discussed.</abstract><pub>IOP Publishing</pub><doi>10.1088/1741-4326/acd4d2</doi><tpages>8</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3164-7320</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1181-2202</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2293-9513</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | ECW particle pump-out Engineering Sciences Physics TEM temperature gradient turbulent transport |
| title | Particle pump-out induced by trapped electron mode turbulence in electron cyclotron heated plasmas on XuanLong-50 spherical torus |
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