Effect of Hormone Replacement Therapy on CD4+ and CD8+ Numbers, CD4+/CD8+ Ratio, and Immunoglobulin Levels in Hemodialysis Patients
Uremia induces a suppression of the immune status. A large clinical literature suggests that estradiol (E2) plays a critical role in immune function. A large proportion of women hemodialysis patients faced early menopause and inadequate estrogen levels. The aim of the present study is to evaluate th...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Renal failure 2005, Vol.27 (4), p.421-424 |
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description | Uremia induces a suppression of the immune status. A large clinical literature suggests that estradiol (E2) plays a critical role in immune function. A large proportion of women hemodialysis patients faced early menopause and inadequate estrogen levels. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effect of hormone replacement therapy on immune function in terms of CD4+ numbers (inducer/helper T cells), CD8+ numbers (cytotoxic/suppressor T cells), CD4+/CD8+ ratio, and IgG, IgM, IgA levels in woman hemodialysis patients. In our study, 15 female hemodialysis patients (median age 32.6 range 24-45) were treated with triphasic estrogen/progesterone preparation (estradiol 2 mg for 10 days, and afterwards estradiol 2 mg + norethisterone 1 mg for another 10 days, and at the end estradiol 1 mg for 6 days) for 6 months. CD4+ numbers, CD8+ numbers, and IgG, IgA, and IgM levels were determined before and after HRT. The "paired-samples T" test was used for statistical analysis of pretreatment and posttreatment values. A significant increase was observed for CD4+ numbers (582 ± 435 versus 637 ± 445, p = 0.04) and CD4+/CD8+ ratio (1.4 ± 0.16 to 2.4 ± 0.3, p < 0.01) after hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Serum immunoglobulin levels were not changed significantly. In conclusion, in postmenopausal hemodialysis patients, HRT significantly increased CD4+ numbers and CD4+/CD8+ ratio, but no effect was observed in IgM, IgG, and IgA levels. Long-term clinical effects of HRT on immune system should be investigated in dialysis patients with further studies. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1081/JDI-65342 |
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A large clinical literature suggests that estradiol (E2) plays a critical role in immune function. A large proportion of women hemodialysis patients faced early menopause and inadequate estrogen levels. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effect of hormone replacement therapy on immune function in terms of CD4+ numbers (inducer/helper T cells), CD8+ numbers (cytotoxic/suppressor T cells), CD4+/CD8+ ratio, and IgG, IgM, IgA levels in woman hemodialysis patients. In our study, 15 female hemodialysis patients (median age 32.6 range 24-45) were treated with triphasic estrogen/progesterone preparation (estradiol 2 mg for 10 days, and afterwards estradiol 2 mg + norethisterone 1 mg for another 10 days, and at the end estradiol 1 mg for 6 days) for 6 months. CD4+ numbers, CD8+ numbers, and IgG, IgA, and IgM levels were determined before and after HRT. The "paired-samples T" test was used for statistical analysis of pretreatment and posttreatment values. A significant increase was observed for CD4+ numbers (582 ± 435 versus 637 ± 445, p = 0.04) and CD4+/CD8+ ratio (1.4 ± 0.16 to 2.4 ± 0.3, p < 0.01) after hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Serum immunoglobulin levels were not changed significantly. In conclusion, in postmenopausal hemodialysis patients, HRT significantly increased CD4+ numbers and CD4+/CD8+ ratio, but no effect was observed in IgM, IgG, and IgA levels. Long-term clinical effects of HRT on immune system should be investigated in dialysis patients with further studies.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0886-022X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1525-6049</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1081/JDI-65342</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Informa UK Ltd</publisher><subject>CD4 ; CD8 ; hemodialysis ; hormone replacement therapy ; immunoglobulin</subject><ispartof>Renal failure, 2005, Vol.27 (4), p.421-424</ispartof><rights>2005 Informa UK Ltd All rights reserved: reproduction in whole or part not permitted 2005</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c233t-325e04a1519a6dbe842608581ce427cd0861dae49a90aef055c74f76266ef6443</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c233t-325e04a1519a6dbe842608581ce427cd0861dae49a90aef055c74f76266ef6443</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1081/JDI-65342$$EPDF$$P50$$Ginformahealthcare$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1081/JDI-65342$$EHTML$$P50$$Ginformahealthcare$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,778,782,4012,27910,27911,27912,59632,60421,61206,61387</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Dogan, Ekrem</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Erkoc, Reha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Demir, Cengiz</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sayarlioglu, Hayriye</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dilek, mdat</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sayarlioglu, Mehmet</creatorcontrib><title>Effect of Hormone Replacement Therapy on CD4+ and CD8+ Numbers, CD4+/CD8+ Ratio, and Immunoglobulin Levels in Hemodialysis Patients</title><title>Renal failure</title><description>Uremia induces a suppression of the immune status. A large clinical literature suggests that estradiol (E2) plays a critical role in immune function. A large proportion of women hemodialysis patients faced early menopause and inadequate estrogen levels. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effect of hormone replacement therapy on immune function in terms of CD4+ numbers (inducer/helper T cells), CD8+ numbers (cytotoxic/suppressor T cells), CD4+/CD8+ ratio, and IgG, IgM, IgA levels in woman hemodialysis patients. In our study, 15 female hemodialysis patients (median age 32.6 range 24-45) were treated with triphasic estrogen/progesterone preparation (estradiol 2 mg for 10 days, and afterwards estradiol 2 mg + norethisterone 1 mg for another 10 days, and at the end estradiol 1 mg for 6 days) for 6 months. CD4+ numbers, CD8+ numbers, and IgG, IgA, and IgM levels were determined before and after HRT. The "paired-samples T" test was used for statistical analysis of pretreatment and posttreatment values. A significant increase was observed for CD4+ numbers (582 ± 435 versus 637 ± 445, p = 0.04) and CD4+/CD8+ ratio (1.4 ± 0.16 to 2.4 ± 0.3, p < 0.01) after hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Serum immunoglobulin levels were not changed significantly. In conclusion, in postmenopausal hemodialysis patients, HRT significantly increased CD4+ numbers and CD4+/CD8+ ratio, but no effect was observed in IgM, IgG, and IgA levels. Long-term clinical effects of HRT on immune system should be investigated in dialysis patients with further studies.</description><subject>CD4</subject><subject>CD8</subject><subject>hemodialysis</subject><subject>hormone replacement therapy</subject><subject>immunoglobulin</subject><issn>0886-022X</issn><issn>1525-6049</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2005</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNptkM1LAzEQxYMoWD8O_ge5iq4m2SRNj1I_WikqouBtmWYndiWblGSr9Ow_7lq9CJ7m8XhvhvkRcsTZGWeGn99eTgutSim2yIAroQrN5GibDJgxumBCvOySvZzfGOPKDMWAfF45h7aj0dFJTG0MSB9x6cFii6GjTwtMsFzTGOj4Up5QCHUvzAm9W7VzTPl0Y59vrEfomni6iUzbdhXiq4_zlW8CneE7-kx7NcE21g34dW4yfegL_ZF8QHYc-IyHv3OfPF9fPY0nxez-Zjq-mBVWlGVXlEIhk8AVH4Gu52ik0Mwowy1KMbQ1M5rXgHIEIwbomFJ2KN1QC63RaSnLfXL8s9emmHNCVy1T00JaV5xV3_Sqnl61oddn5U-2Ca7nAh8x-brqYO1jcgmCbXJV_lcr_9QWCL5bWEhYvcVVCv17_xz7Aj0sgy4</recordid><startdate>2005</startdate><enddate>2005</enddate><creator>Dogan, Ekrem</creator><creator>Erkoc, Reha</creator><creator>Demir, Cengiz</creator><creator>Sayarlioglu, Hayriye</creator><creator>Dilek, mdat</creator><creator>Sayarlioglu, Mehmet</creator><general>Informa UK Ltd</general><general>Taylor & Francis</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope></search><sort><creationdate>2005</creationdate><title>Effect of Hormone Replacement Therapy on CD4+ and CD8+ Numbers, CD4+/CD8+ Ratio, and Immunoglobulin Levels in Hemodialysis Patients</title><author>Dogan, Ekrem ; Erkoc, Reha ; Demir, Cengiz ; Sayarlioglu, Hayriye ; Dilek, mdat ; Sayarlioglu, Mehmet</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c233t-325e04a1519a6dbe842608581ce427cd0861dae49a90aef055c74f76266ef6443</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2005</creationdate><topic>CD4</topic><topic>CD8</topic><topic>hemodialysis</topic><topic>hormone replacement therapy</topic><topic>immunoglobulin</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Dogan, Ekrem</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Erkoc, Reha</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Demir, Cengiz</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sayarlioglu, Hayriye</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dilek, mdat</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sayarlioglu, Mehmet</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><jtitle>Renal failure</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Dogan, Ekrem</au><au>Erkoc, Reha</au><au>Demir, Cengiz</au><au>Sayarlioglu, Hayriye</au><au>Dilek, mdat</au><au>Sayarlioglu, Mehmet</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Effect of Hormone Replacement Therapy on CD4+ and CD8+ Numbers, CD4+/CD8+ Ratio, and Immunoglobulin Levels in Hemodialysis Patients</atitle><jtitle>Renal failure</jtitle><date>2005</date><risdate>2005</risdate><volume>27</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>421</spage><epage>424</epage><pages>421-424</pages><issn>0886-022X</issn><eissn>1525-6049</eissn><abstract>Uremia induces a suppression of the immune status. A large clinical literature suggests that estradiol (E2) plays a critical role in immune function. A large proportion of women hemodialysis patients faced early menopause and inadequate estrogen levels. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effect of hormone replacement therapy on immune function in terms of CD4+ numbers (inducer/helper T cells), CD8+ numbers (cytotoxic/suppressor T cells), CD4+/CD8+ ratio, and IgG, IgM, IgA levels in woman hemodialysis patients. In our study, 15 female hemodialysis patients (median age 32.6 range 24-45) were treated with triphasic estrogen/progesterone preparation (estradiol 2 mg for 10 days, and afterwards estradiol 2 mg + norethisterone 1 mg for another 10 days, and at the end estradiol 1 mg for 6 days) for 6 months. CD4+ numbers, CD8+ numbers, and IgG, IgA, and IgM levels were determined before and after HRT. The "paired-samples T" test was used for statistical analysis of pretreatment and posttreatment values. A significant increase was observed for CD4+ numbers (582 ± 435 versus 637 ± 445, p = 0.04) and CD4+/CD8+ ratio (1.4 ± 0.16 to 2.4 ± 0.3, p < 0.01) after hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Serum immunoglobulin levels were not changed significantly. In conclusion, in postmenopausal hemodialysis patients, HRT significantly increased CD4+ numbers and CD4+/CD8+ ratio, but no effect was observed in IgM, IgG, and IgA levels. Long-term clinical effects of HRT on immune system should be investigated in dialysis patients with further studies.</abstract><pub>Informa UK Ltd</pub><doi>10.1081/JDI-65342</doi><tpages>4</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | CD4 CD8 hemodialysis hormone replacement therapy immunoglobulin |
title | Effect of Hormone Replacement Therapy on CD4+ and CD8+ Numbers, CD4+/CD8+ Ratio, and Immunoglobulin Levels in Hemodialysis Patients |
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