Depth of Field Measurements Relevant to Single Photon Detection Using Image-intensified Microscopy
The problems of defining a depth of field d p when individual photons emitted in a low-level luminescent process are recorded via an image-intensified microscope are discussed. Simulation studies of a self-luminous cylindrical volume source whose axis lies along the optical axis of the microscope we...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Optica acta 1985-11, Vol.32 (11), p.1349-1360 |
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| creator | Walton, Alan J. Templer, R.H. Reynolds, Geo. T. |
| description | The problems of defining a depth of field d
p
when individual photons emitted in a low-level luminescent process are recorded via an image-intensified microscope are discussed. Simulation studies of a self-luminous cylindrical volume source whose axis lies along the optical axis of the microscope were carried out by moving a uniformly-illuminated pinhole along the optical axis, and arranging for its in-focus image to fill exactly a circular light detector. The detector output plotted against pinhole position is approximately Gaussian in form for the objectives studied (from 10 2 /0·25 to 74 2 /0·65), and d
p
is defined as the full width at half maximum. These values of d
p
adequately fit the theoretical relation d
p
= 2·45 R/tan sin
-1
(NA/n), where NA is the numerical aperture of the objective and n is the refractive index of the immersion medium. With spherical, or near-spherical, volume sources d
p
is usually significantly greater than the volume of the source. The problems of defining a depth of field p when individual photons emitted in a low-level luminescent process are recorded via an image-intensified microscope are discussed. Simulation studies of a self-luminous cylindrical volume source whose axis lies along the optical axis of the microscope were carried out by moving a uniformly-illuminated pinhole along the optical axis, and arranging for its in-focus image to fill exactly a circular light detector. The detector output plotted against pinhole position is approximately Gaussian in form for the objectives studied (from 10 2 /0·25 to 74 2 /0·65), and d
p
is defined as the full width at half maximum. These values of d
p
adequately fit the theoretical relation d
p
= 2·45 R/tan sin
-1
(NA/n), where NA is the numerical aperture of the objective and n is the refractive index of the immersion medium. With spherical, or near-spherical, volume sources d
p
is usually significantly greater than the volume of the source. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1080/713821671 |
| format | Article |
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p
when individual photons emitted in a low-level luminescent process are recorded via an image-intensified microscope are discussed. Simulation studies of a self-luminous cylindrical volume source whose axis lies along the optical axis of the microscope were carried out by moving a uniformly-illuminated pinhole along the optical axis, and arranging for its in-focus image to fill exactly a circular light detector. The detector output plotted against pinhole position is approximately Gaussian in form for the objectives studied (from 10 2 /0·25 to 74 2 /0·65), and d
p
is defined as the full width at half maximum. These values of d
p
adequately fit the theoretical relation d
p
= 2·45 R/tan sin
-1
(NA/n), where NA is the numerical aperture of the objective and n is the refractive index of the immersion medium. With spherical, or near-spherical, volume sources d
p
is usually significantly greater than the volume of the source. The problems of defining a depth of field p when individual photons emitted in a low-level luminescent process are recorded via an image-intensified microscope are discussed. Simulation studies of a self-luminous cylindrical volume source whose axis lies along the optical axis of the microscope were carried out by moving a uniformly-illuminated pinhole along the optical axis, and arranging for its in-focus image to fill exactly a circular light detector. The detector output plotted against pinhole position is approximately Gaussian in form for the objectives studied (from 10 2 /0·25 to 74 2 /0·65), and d
p
is defined as the full width at half maximum. These values of d
p
adequately fit the theoretical relation d
p
= 2·45 R/tan sin
-1
(NA/n), where NA is the numerical aperture of the objective and n is the refractive index of the immersion medium. With spherical, or near-spherical, volume sources d
p
is usually significantly greater than the volume of the source.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0030-3909</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1080/713821671</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: Taylor & Francis Group</publisher><subject>Conventional optical microscopes ; Exact sciences and technology ; Instruments, apparatus, components and techniques common to several branches of physics and astronomy ; Optical instruments, equipment and techniques ; Physics</subject><ispartof>Optica acta, 1985-11, Vol.32 (11), p.1349-1360</ispartof><rights>Copyright Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 1985</rights><rights>1986 INIST-CNRS</rights><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c303t-90e027e2d38550259f48f02497316879ce42b7fa1c31e10f4901981d37d0c55a3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c303t-90e027e2d38550259f48f02497316879ce42b7fa1c31e10f4901981d37d0c55a3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/713821671$$EPDF$$P50$$Ginformaworld$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/713821671$$EHTML$$P50$$Ginformaworld$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27915,27916,59636,60425</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=8605027$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Walton, Alan J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Templer, R.H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reynolds, Geo. T.</creatorcontrib><title>Depth of Field Measurements Relevant to Single Photon Detection Using Image-intensified Microscopy</title><title>Optica acta</title><description>The problems of defining a depth of field d
p
when individual photons emitted in a low-level luminescent process are recorded via an image-intensified microscope are discussed. Simulation studies of a self-luminous cylindrical volume source whose axis lies along the optical axis of the microscope were carried out by moving a uniformly-illuminated pinhole along the optical axis, and arranging for its in-focus image to fill exactly a circular light detector. The detector output plotted against pinhole position is approximately Gaussian in form for the objectives studied (from 10 2 /0·25 to 74 2 /0·65), and d
p
is defined as the full width at half maximum. These values of d
p
adequately fit the theoretical relation d
p
= 2·45 R/tan sin
-1
(NA/n), where NA is the numerical aperture of the objective and n is the refractive index of the immersion medium. With spherical, or near-spherical, volume sources d
p
is usually significantly greater than the volume of the source. The problems of defining a depth of field p when individual photons emitted in a low-level luminescent process are recorded via an image-intensified microscope are discussed. Simulation studies of a self-luminous cylindrical volume source whose axis lies along the optical axis of the microscope were carried out by moving a uniformly-illuminated pinhole along the optical axis, and arranging for its in-focus image to fill exactly a circular light detector. The detector output plotted against pinhole position is approximately Gaussian in form for the objectives studied (from 10 2 /0·25 to 74 2 /0·65), and d
p
is defined as the full width at half maximum. These values of d
p
adequately fit the theoretical relation d
p
= 2·45 R/tan sin
-1
(NA/n), where NA is the numerical aperture of the objective and n is the refractive index of the immersion medium. With spherical, or near-spherical, volume sources d
p
is usually significantly greater than the volume of the source.</description><subject>Conventional optical microscopes</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>Instruments, apparatus, components and techniques common to several branches of physics and astronomy</subject><subject>Optical instruments, equipment and techniques</subject><subject>Physics</subject><issn>0030-3909</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1985</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNplkDFPwzAQhT2ARCkM_AMPLAyBc5zE9ohaCpWKQEDnyHXOrVESV7YB9d-TqsDCdHe67707PUIuGFwzkHAjGJc5qwQ7IiMADhlXoE7IaYzvwyhkVY7IaorbtKHe0pnDtqGPqONHwA77FOkLtvip-0STp6-uX7dInzc--Z5OMaFJbuiWcVjQeafXmLk-YR-ddTgYORN8NH67OyPHVrcRz3_qmCxnd2-Th2zxdD-f3C4yw4GnTAFCLjBvuCxLyEtlC2khL5TgrJJCGSzylbCaGc6QgS0UMCVZw0UDpiw1H5Org-_-cAxo621wnQ67mkG9D6T-C2RgLw_sVkejWxt0b1z8E8gKhhfEgBUHzPXWh05_-dA2ddK71odfDf_v_g2GonH6</recordid><startdate>19851101</startdate><enddate>19851101</enddate><creator>Walton, Alan J.</creator><creator>Templer, R.H.</creator><creator>Reynolds, Geo. T.</creator><general>Taylor & Francis Group</general><general>Taylor & Francis</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19851101</creationdate><title>Depth of Field Measurements Relevant to Single Photon Detection Using Image-intensified Microscopy</title><author>Walton, Alan J. ; Templer, R.H. ; Reynolds, Geo. T.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c303t-90e027e2d38550259f48f02497316879ce42b7fa1c31e10f4901981d37d0c55a3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1985</creationdate><topic>Conventional optical microscopes</topic><topic>Exact sciences and technology</topic><topic>Instruments, apparatus, components and techniques common to several branches of physics and astronomy</topic><topic>Optical instruments, equipment and techniques</topic><topic>Physics</topic><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Walton, Alan J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Templer, R.H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reynolds, Geo. T.</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><jtitle>Optica acta</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Walton, Alan J.</au><au>Templer, R.H.</au><au>Reynolds, Geo. T.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Depth of Field Measurements Relevant to Single Photon Detection Using Image-intensified Microscopy</atitle><jtitle>Optica acta</jtitle><date>1985-11-01</date><risdate>1985</risdate><volume>32</volume><issue>11</issue><spage>1349</spage><epage>1360</epage><pages>1349-1360</pages><issn>0030-3909</issn><abstract>The problems of defining a depth of field d
p
when individual photons emitted in a low-level luminescent process are recorded via an image-intensified microscope are discussed. Simulation studies of a self-luminous cylindrical volume source whose axis lies along the optical axis of the microscope were carried out by moving a uniformly-illuminated pinhole along the optical axis, and arranging for its in-focus image to fill exactly a circular light detector. The detector output plotted against pinhole position is approximately Gaussian in form for the objectives studied (from 10 2 /0·25 to 74 2 /0·65), and d
p
is defined as the full width at half maximum. These values of d
p
adequately fit the theoretical relation d
p
= 2·45 R/tan sin
-1
(NA/n), where NA is the numerical aperture of the objective and n is the refractive index of the immersion medium. With spherical, or near-spherical, volume sources d
p
is usually significantly greater than the volume of the source. The problems of defining a depth of field p when individual photons emitted in a low-level luminescent process are recorded via an image-intensified microscope are discussed. Simulation studies of a self-luminous cylindrical volume source whose axis lies along the optical axis of the microscope were carried out by moving a uniformly-illuminated pinhole along the optical axis, and arranging for its in-focus image to fill exactly a circular light detector. The detector output plotted against pinhole position is approximately Gaussian in form for the objectives studied (from 10 2 /0·25 to 74 2 /0·65), and d
p
is defined as the full width at half maximum. These values of d
p
adequately fit the theoretical relation d
p
= 2·45 R/tan sin
-1
(NA/n), where NA is the numerical aperture of the objective and n is the refractive index of the immersion medium. With spherical, or near-spherical, volume sources d
p
is usually significantly greater than the volume of the source.</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>Taylor & Francis Group</pub><doi>10.1080/713821671</doi><tpages>12</tpages></addata></record> |
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| issn | 0030-3909 |
| language | eng |
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| source | Taylor & Francis Journals Complete |
| subjects | Conventional optical microscopes Exact sciences and technology Instruments, apparatus, components and techniques common to several branches of physics and astronomy Optical instruments, equipment and techniques Physics |
| title | Depth of Field Measurements Relevant to Single Photon Detection Using Image-intensified Microscopy |
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