N-chlorotaurine is highly active against respiratory viruses including SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) in vitro
N-chlorotaurine (NCT) a long-lived oxidant generated by leukocytes, can be synthesized chemically and applied topically as an anti-infective to different body sites, including the lung via inhalation. Here, we demonstrate the activity of NCT against viruses causing acute respiratory tract infections...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Emerging microbes & infections 2022-12, Vol.11 (1), p.1293-1307 |
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| creator | Lackner, Michaela Rössler, Annika Volland, André Stadtmüller, Marlena Nastassja Müllauer, Brigitte Banki, Zoltan Ströhle, Johannes Luttick, Angela Fenner, Jennifer Sarg, Bettina Kremser, Leopold Tone, Paul Stoiber, Heribert von Laer, Dorothee Wolff, Thorsten Schwarz, Carsten Nagl, Markus |
| description | N-chlorotaurine (NCT) a long-lived oxidant generated by leukocytes, can be synthesized chemically and applied topically as an anti-infective to different body sites, including the lung via inhalation. Here, we demonstrate the activity of NCT against viruses causing acute respiratory tract infections, namely severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), influenza viruses, and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Virucidal activity of NCT was tested in plaque assays, confirmed by RT-qPCR assays. Attack on virus proteins was investigated by mass spectrometry. NCT revealed broad virucidal activity against all viruses tested at 37°C and pH 7. A significant reduction in infectious particles of SARS-CoV-2 isolates from early 2020 by 1 log
10
was detected after 15 min of incubation in 1% NCT. Proteinaceous material simulating body fluids enhanced this activity by transchlorination mechanisms (1 −2 log
10
reduction within 1-10 min). Tested SARS-CoV-2 variants B.1.1.7 (Alpha) und B.1.351 (Beta) showed a similar susceptibility. Influenza virus infectious particles were reduced by 3 log
10
(H3N2) to 5 log
10
(H1N1pdm), RSV by 4 log
10
within a few min. Mass spectrometry of NCT-treated SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and 3C-like protease, influenza virus haemagglutinin and neuraminidase, and RSV fusion glycoprotein disclosed multiple sites of chlorination and oxidation as the molecular mechanism of action. Application of 1.0% NCT as a prophylactic and therapeutic strategy against acute viral respiratory tract infections deserves comprehensive clinical investigation. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1080/22221751.2022.2065932 |
| format | Article |
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10
was detected after 15 min of incubation in 1% NCT. Proteinaceous material simulating body fluids enhanced this activity by transchlorination mechanisms (1 −2 log
10
reduction within 1-10 min). Tested SARS-CoV-2 variants B.1.1.7 (Alpha) und B.1.351 (Beta) showed a similar susceptibility. Influenza virus infectious particles were reduced by 3 log
10
(H3N2) to 5 log
10
(H1N1pdm), RSV by 4 log
10
within a few min. Mass spectrometry of NCT-treated SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and 3C-like protease, influenza virus haemagglutinin and neuraminidase, and RSV fusion glycoprotein disclosed multiple sites of chlorination and oxidation as the molecular mechanism of action. Application of 1.0% NCT as a prophylactic and therapeutic strategy against acute viral respiratory tract infections deserves comprehensive clinical investigation.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2222-1751</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2222-1751</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2022.2065932</identifier><identifier>PMID: 35418279</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Taylor & Francis</publisher><subject>anti-infective ; Antimicrobial Agents ; antiseptic ; antiviral ; Coronaviruses ; COVID-19 ; Influenza ; Mass spectrometry ; N-chlorotaurine ; Respiratory syncytial virus ; respiratory tract ; Scientific imaging ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ; Viruses</subject><ispartof>Emerging microbes & infections, 2022-12, Vol.11 (1), p.1293-1307</ispartof><rights>2022 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. 2022</rights><rights>2022 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution – Non-Commercial License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2022 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. 2022 The Author(s)</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4772-90b9acb27edcb500876b3d574fe06d3912b0b15b3d2a20a6e4b115a0772db8343</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4772-90b9acb27edcb500876b3d574fe06d3912b0b15b3d2a20a6e4b115a0772db8343</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-5298-0288 ; 0000-0002-4266-8397 ; 0000-0001-5825-7237 ; 0000-0002-4785-8739 ; 0000-0001-7688-236X ; 0000-0002-1225-9349 ; 0000-0003-2805-8215 ; 0000-0001-8893-5326 ; 0000-0002-1461-4439 ; 0000-0001-9073-2886 ; 0000-0002-3826-5800</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9132425/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9132425/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,725,778,782,862,883,2098,27485,27907,27908,53774,53776,59124,59125</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35418279$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Lackner, Michaela</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rössler, Annika</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Volland, André</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stadtmüller, Marlena Nastassja</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Müllauer, Brigitte</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Banki, Zoltan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ströhle, Johannes</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Luttick, Angela</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fenner, Jennifer</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sarg, Bettina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kremser, Leopold</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tone, Paul</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stoiber, Heribert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>von Laer, Dorothee</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wolff, Thorsten</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schwarz, Carsten</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nagl, Markus</creatorcontrib><title>N-chlorotaurine is highly active against respiratory viruses including SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) in vitro</title><title>Emerging microbes & infections</title><addtitle>Emerg Microbes Infect</addtitle><description>N-chlorotaurine (NCT) a long-lived oxidant generated by leukocytes, can be synthesized chemically and applied topically as an anti-infective to different body sites, including the lung via inhalation. Here, we demonstrate the activity of NCT against viruses causing acute respiratory tract infections, namely severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), influenza viruses, and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Virucidal activity of NCT was tested in plaque assays, confirmed by RT-qPCR assays. Attack on virus proteins was investigated by mass spectrometry. NCT revealed broad virucidal activity against all viruses tested at 37°C and pH 7. A significant reduction in infectious particles of SARS-CoV-2 isolates from early 2020 by 1 log
10
was detected after 15 min of incubation in 1% NCT. Proteinaceous material simulating body fluids enhanced this activity by transchlorination mechanisms (1 −2 log
10
reduction within 1-10 min). Tested SARS-CoV-2 variants B.1.1.7 (Alpha) und B.1.351 (Beta) showed a similar susceptibility. Influenza virus infectious particles were reduced by 3 log
10
(H3N2) to 5 log
10
(H1N1pdm), RSV by 4 log
10
within a few min. Mass spectrometry of NCT-treated SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and 3C-like protease, influenza virus haemagglutinin and neuraminidase, and RSV fusion glycoprotein disclosed multiple sites of chlorination and oxidation as the molecular mechanism of action. Application of 1.0% NCT as a prophylactic and therapeutic strategy against acute viral respiratory tract infections deserves comprehensive clinical investigation.</description><subject>anti-infective</subject><subject>Antimicrobial Agents</subject><subject>antiseptic</subject><subject>antiviral</subject><subject>Coronaviruses</subject><subject>COVID-19</subject><subject>Influenza</subject><subject>Mass spectrometry</subject><subject>N-chlorotaurine</subject><subject>Respiratory syncytial virus</subject><subject>respiratory tract</subject><subject>Scientific imaging</subject><subject>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2</subject><subject>Viruses</subject><issn>2222-1751</issn><issn>2222-1751</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>0YH</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kk1v1DAQhiMEolXpTwBF4lIOKf6M4wuiWiisVFGJQq_W2HF2vcraWztZtP--DrutWg74YFszz7wztt6ieIvROUYN-kjywoLjc4IIyVvNJSUviuMpXk2Jl0_uR8VpSiuUl0A1w-x1cUQ5ww0R8riwPyqz7EMMA4zReVu6VC7dYtnvSjCD29oSFuB8Gspo08ZFGELclVsXx2RT6bzpx9b5RXlz8fOmmoXbipRns-vb-ZcKyw85n9EhhjfFqw76ZE8P50nx-_Lrr9n36ur623x2cVUZJgSpJNISjCbCtkZzhBpRa9pywTqL6pZKTDTSmOcYAYKgtkxjzAHl2lY3lNGTYr7XbQOs1Ca6NcSdCuDU30CICwVxcKa3ymDBmG4kroVmhNS65hzx3F4CM5y2WevTXmsz6nUeyPohQv9M9HnGu6VahK2SmBJGeBY4OwjEcDfaNKi1S8b2PXgbxqRIzVHGCJ3Q9_-gqzBGn79KEcEaRJmUE8X3lIkhpWi7x2EwUpMv1IMv1OQLdfBFrnv39CWPVQ8uyMDnPeB8F-Ia_oTYt2qAXTZGF8EblxT9f497Bp_Egw</recordid><startdate>202212</startdate><enddate>202212</enddate><creator>Lackner, Michaela</creator><creator>Rössler, Annika</creator><creator>Volland, André</creator><creator>Stadtmüller, Marlena Nastassja</creator><creator>Müllauer, Brigitte</creator><creator>Banki, Zoltan</creator><creator>Ströhle, Johannes</creator><creator>Luttick, Angela</creator><creator>Fenner, Jennifer</creator><creator>Sarg, Bettina</creator><creator>Kremser, Leopold</creator><creator>Tone, Paul</creator><creator>Stoiber, Heribert</creator><creator>von Laer, Dorothee</creator><creator>Wolff, Thorsten</creator><creator>Schwarz, Carsten</creator><creator>Nagl, Markus</creator><general>Taylor & Francis</general><general>Taylor & Francis Ltd</general><general>Taylor & Francis Group</general><scope>0YH</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>COVID</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5298-0288</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4266-8397</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5825-7237</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4785-8739</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7688-236X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1225-9349</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2805-8215</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8893-5326</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1461-4439</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9073-2886</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3826-5800</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202212</creationdate><title>N-chlorotaurine is highly active against respiratory viruses including SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) in vitro</title><author>Lackner, Michaela ; Rössler, Annika ; Volland, André ; Stadtmüller, Marlena Nastassja ; Müllauer, Brigitte ; Banki, Zoltan ; Ströhle, Johannes ; Luttick, Angela ; Fenner, Jennifer ; Sarg, Bettina ; Kremser, Leopold ; Tone, Paul ; Stoiber, Heribert ; von Laer, Dorothee ; Wolff, Thorsten ; Schwarz, Carsten ; Nagl, Markus</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4772-90b9acb27edcb500876b3d574fe06d3912b0b15b3d2a20a6e4b115a0772db8343</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>anti-infective</topic><topic>Antimicrobial Agents</topic><topic>antiseptic</topic><topic>antiviral</topic><topic>Coronaviruses</topic><topic>COVID-19</topic><topic>Influenza</topic><topic>Mass spectrometry</topic><topic>N-chlorotaurine</topic><topic>Respiratory syncytial virus</topic><topic>respiratory tract</topic><topic>Scientific imaging</topic><topic>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2</topic><topic>Viruses</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Lackner, Michaela</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rössler, Annika</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Volland, André</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stadtmüller, Marlena Nastassja</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Müllauer, Brigitte</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Banki, Zoltan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ströhle, Johannes</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Luttick, Angela</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fenner, Jennifer</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sarg, Bettina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kremser, Leopold</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tone, Paul</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stoiber, Heribert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>von Laer, Dorothee</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wolff, Thorsten</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schwarz, Carsten</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nagl, Markus</creatorcontrib><collection>Taylor & Francis Open Access</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Coronavirus Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>Emerging microbes & infections</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Lackner, Michaela</au><au>Rössler, Annika</au><au>Volland, André</au><au>Stadtmüller, Marlena Nastassja</au><au>Müllauer, Brigitte</au><au>Banki, Zoltan</au><au>Ströhle, Johannes</au><au>Luttick, Angela</au><au>Fenner, Jennifer</au><au>Sarg, Bettina</au><au>Kremser, Leopold</au><au>Tone, Paul</au><au>Stoiber, Heribert</au><au>von Laer, Dorothee</au><au>Wolff, Thorsten</au><au>Schwarz, Carsten</au><au>Nagl, Markus</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>N-chlorotaurine is highly active against respiratory viruses including SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) in vitro</atitle><jtitle>Emerging microbes & infections</jtitle><addtitle>Emerg Microbes Infect</addtitle><date>2022-12</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>11</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>1293</spage><epage>1307</epage><pages>1293-1307</pages><issn>2222-1751</issn><eissn>2222-1751</eissn><abstract>N-chlorotaurine (NCT) a long-lived oxidant generated by leukocytes, can be synthesized chemically and applied topically as an anti-infective to different body sites, including the lung via inhalation. Here, we demonstrate the activity of NCT against viruses causing acute respiratory tract infections, namely severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), influenza viruses, and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Virucidal activity of NCT was tested in plaque assays, confirmed by RT-qPCR assays. Attack on virus proteins was investigated by mass spectrometry. NCT revealed broad virucidal activity against all viruses tested at 37°C and pH 7. A significant reduction in infectious particles of SARS-CoV-2 isolates from early 2020 by 1 log
10
was detected after 15 min of incubation in 1% NCT. Proteinaceous material simulating body fluids enhanced this activity by transchlorination mechanisms (1 −2 log
10
reduction within 1-10 min). Tested SARS-CoV-2 variants B.1.1.7 (Alpha) und B.1.351 (Beta) showed a similar susceptibility. Influenza virus infectious particles were reduced by 3 log
10
(H3N2) to 5 log
10
(H1N1pdm), RSV by 4 log
10
within a few min. Mass spectrometry of NCT-treated SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and 3C-like protease, influenza virus haemagglutinin and neuraminidase, and RSV fusion glycoprotein disclosed multiple sites of chlorination and oxidation as the molecular mechanism of action. Application of 1.0% NCT as a prophylactic and therapeutic strategy against acute viral respiratory tract infections deserves comprehensive clinical investigation.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Taylor & Francis</pub><pmid>35418279</pmid><doi>10.1080/22221751.2022.2065932</doi><tpages>15</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5298-0288</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4266-8397</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5825-7237</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4785-8739</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7688-236X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1225-9349</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2805-8215</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8893-5326</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1461-4439</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9073-2886</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3826-5800</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | anti-infective Antimicrobial Agents antiseptic antiviral Coronaviruses COVID-19 Influenza Mass spectrometry N-chlorotaurine Respiratory syncytial virus respiratory tract Scientific imaging Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Viruses |
| title | N-chlorotaurine is highly active against respiratory viruses including SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) in vitro |
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