Effects of agricultural and urban land cover on New Zealand's estuarine water quality
National-scale analyses of land cover effects on water quality can aid in directing environmental policy. We compiled a coastal water quality database for New Zealand comprising 320 estuarine and coastal sites with records between 2013 and 2018. Previous literature had shown strong effects of agricu...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | New Zealand journal of marine and freshwater research 2020-07, Vol.54 (3), p.372-392 |
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| container_title | New Zealand journal of marine and freshwater research |
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| creator | Dudley, Bruce D. R. Burge, Olivia Plew, David Zeldis, John |
| description | National-scale analyses of land cover effects on water quality can aid in directing environmental policy. We compiled a coastal water quality database for New Zealand comprising 320 estuarine and coastal sites with records between 2013 and 2018. Previous literature had shown strong effects of agricultural and urban land cover on the quality of New Zealand's rivers, so we examined their effects on estuaries, while controlling for marine dilution and freshwater flushing. Sites with greater freshwater influence had higher nutrient and faecal indicator bacteria concentrations, and turbidity, indicating that open coast and estuarine water quality is reduced predominantly via flows from the land. Nitrate, ammonium, total and dissolved reactive phosphorus, and water column chlorophyll-a concentrations were greater in estuaries with higher urban land cover and total phosphorus concentrations were greater with higher agricultural land cover. There was a marginally significant increase in turbidity as agricultural land cover increased. This is the first national-scale compilation and analysis of New Zealand coastal water quality data, and the first national analysis of land cover effects on water quality in New Zealand estuaries. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1080/00288330.2020.1729819 |
| format | Article |
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Burge, Olivia ; Plew, David ; Zeldis, John</creator><creatorcontrib>Dudley, Bruce D. ; R. Burge, Olivia ; Plew, David ; Zeldis, John</creatorcontrib><description>National-scale analyses of land cover effects on water quality can aid in directing environmental policy. We compiled a coastal water quality database for New Zealand comprising 320 estuarine and coastal sites with records between 2013 and 2018. Previous literature had shown strong effects of agricultural and urban land cover on the quality of New Zealand's rivers, so we examined their effects on estuaries, while controlling for marine dilution and freshwater flushing. Sites with greater freshwater influence had higher nutrient and faecal indicator bacteria concentrations, and turbidity, indicating that open coast and estuarine water quality is reduced predominantly via flows from the land. Nitrate, ammonium, total and dissolved reactive phosphorus, and water column chlorophyll-a concentrations were greater in estuaries with higher urban land cover and total phosphorus concentrations were greater with higher agricultural land cover. There was a marginally significant increase in turbidity as agricultural land cover increased. 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Burge, Olivia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Plew, David</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zeldis, John</creatorcontrib><title>Effects of agricultural and urban land cover on New Zealand's estuarine water quality</title><title>New Zealand journal of marine and freshwater research</title><description>National-scale analyses of land cover effects on water quality can aid in directing environmental policy. We compiled a coastal water quality database for New Zealand comprising 320 estuarine and coastal sites with records between 2013 and 2018. Previous literature had shown strong effects of agricultural and urban land cover on the quality of New Zealand's rivers, so we examined their effects on estuaries, while controlling for marine dilution and freshwater flushing. Sites with greater freshwater influence had higher nutrient and faecal indicator bacteria concentrations, and turbidity, indicating that open coast and estuarine water quality is reduced predominantly via flows from the land. Nitrate, ammonium, total and dissolved reactive phosphorus, and water column chlorophyll-a concentrations were greater in estuaries with higher urban land cover and total phosphorus concentrations were greater with higher agricultural land cover. There was a marginally significant increase in turbidity as agricultural land cover increased. 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Sites with greater freshwater influence had higher nutrient and faecal indicator bacteria concentrations, and turbidity, indicating that open coast and estuarine water quality is reduced predominantly via flows from the land. Nitrate, ammonium, total and dissolved reactive phosphorus, and water column chlorophyll-a concentrations were greater in estuaries with higher urban land cover and total phosphorus concentrations were greater with higher agricultural land cover. There was a marginally significant increase in turbidity as agricultural land cover increased. 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| source | Royal Society of New Zealand Open Access Journals; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals |
| subjects | Agricultural land Ammonium Ammonium compounds Brackishwater environment Chlorophyll Chlorophyll a Coastal waters Dilution Enterococci Environmental policy Estuaries Fecal coliforms Freshwater Inland water environment Land cover nitrogen Nutrient concentrations Phosphorus phytoplankton Rivers state Turbidity Urban agriculture Water circulation Water column Water quality |
| title | Effects of agricultural and urban land cover on New Zealand's estuarine water quality |
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