Changes in weed species since the introduction of glyphosate-resistant cotton

Weed management practices in cotton systems that were based on frequent cultivation, residual herbicides, and some post-emergent herbicides have changed. The ability to use glyphosate as a knockdown before planting, in shielded sprayers, and now over-the-top in glyphosate-tolerant cotton has seen a...

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Veröffentlicht in:Crop and pasture science 2013-01, Vol.64 (8), p.791-798
Hauptverfasser: Werth, Jeff, Boucher, Luke, Thornby, David, Walker, Steve, Charles, Graham
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container_issue 8
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container_title Crop and pasture science
container_volume 64
creator Werth, Jeff
Boucher, Luke
Thornby, David
Walker, Steve
Charles, Graham
description Weed management practices in cotton systems that were based on frequent cultivation, residual herbicides, and some post-emergent herbicides have changed. The ability to use glyphosate as a knockdown before planting, in shielded sprayers, and now over-the-top in glyphosate-tolerant cotton has seen a significant reduction in the use of residual herbicides and cultivation. Glyphosate is now the dominant herbicide in both crop and fallow. This reliance increases the risk of shifts to glyphosate-tolerant species and the evolution of glyphosate-resistant weeds. Four surveys were undertaken in the 2008–09 and 2010–11 seasons. Surveys were conducted at the start of the summer cropping season (November–December) and at the end of the same season (March–April). Fifty fields previously surveyed in irrigated and non-irrigated cotton systems were re-surveyed. A major species shift towards Conyza bonariensis was observed. There was also a minor increase in the prevalence of Sonchus oleraceus. Several species were still present at the end of the season, indicating either poor control and/or late-season germinations. These included C. bonariensis, S. oleraceus, Hibiscus verdcourtii and Hibiscus tridactylites, Echinochloa colona, Convolvulus sp., Ipomea lonchophylla, Chamaesyce drummondii, Cullen sp., Amaranthus macrocarpus, and Chloris virgata. These species, with the exception of E. colona, H. verdcourtii, and H. tridactylites, have tolerance to glyphosate and therefore are likely candidates to either remain or increase in dominance in a glyphosate-based system.
doi_str_mv 10.1071/CP13167
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identifier ISSN: 1836-0947
ispartof Crop and pasture science, 2013-01, Vol.64 (8), p.791-798
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1836-5795
language eng
recordid cdi_crossref_primary_10_1071_CP13167
source CSIRO Journals
subjects Amaranthus
Chloris
Convolvulus
Conyza bonariensis
cotton
Cullen
Echinochloa colona
Euphorbia
fallow
glyphosate
glyphosate resistance
glyphosate-resistant cotton
Hibiscus
planting
RESEARCH PAPERS
risk
Sonchus oleraceus
species shift
sprayers
summer
surveys
weed control
weed survey
weeds
title Changes in weed species since the introduction of glyphosate-resistant cotton
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