Clock synchronization characterization of the Washington DC metropolitan quantum network (DC-QNet)
Quantum networking protocols relying on interference and precise time-of-flight measurements require high-precision clock synchronization. This study describes the design, implementation, and characterization of two optical time transfer methods in a metropolitan-scale quantum networking research te...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Applied physics letters 2024-10, Vol.125 (16) |
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creator | McKenzie, Wayne Richards, Anne Marie Patel, Shirali Gerrits, Thomas Akin, T. G. Peil, Steven Black, Adam T. Tulchinsky, David Hastings, Alexander Li-Baboud, Ya-Shian Rahmouni, Anouar Burenkov, Ivan A. Mink, Alan Diaz, Matthew Lal, Nijil Shi, Yicheng Kuo, Paulina Shrestha, Pranish Merzouki, Mheni Rodriguez Perez, Alejandro Onuma, Eleanya Jones, Daniel E. Davis, Atiyya A. Searles, Thomas A. Whalen, J. D. Quraishi, Qudsia Sara Collins, Kate S. Cooper, La Vida Shaw, Harry Crabill, Bruce Slattery, Oliver Battou, Abdella |
description | Quantum networking protocols relying on interference and precise time-of-flight measurements require high-precision clock synchronization. This study describes the design, implementation, and characterization of two optical time transfer methods in a metropolitan-scale quantum networking research testbed. With active electronic stabilization, sub-picosecond time deviation (TDEV) was achieved at integration times between 1 and
105 s over 53 km of deployed fiber. Over the same integration periods, 10-ps level TDEV was observed using the White Rabbit–Precision Time Protocol over 128 km. Measurement methods are described to understand the sources of environmental fluctuations on clock synchronization toward the development of in situ compensation methods. Path delay gradients, chromatic dispersion, polarization drift, and optical power variations all contributed to clock synchronization errors. The results from this study will inform future work in the development of compensation methods essential for enabling experimental research in developing practical quantum networking protocols. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1063/5.0225082 |
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105 s over 53 km of deployed fiber. Over the same integration periods, 10-ps level TDEV was observed using the White Rabbit–Precision Time Protocol over 128 km. Measurement methods are described to understand the sources of environmental fluctuations on clock synchronization toward the development of in situ compensation methods. Path delay gradients, chromatic dispersion, polarization drift, and optical power variations all contributed to clock synchronization errors. The results from this study will inform future work in the development of compensation methods essential for enabling experimental research in developing practical quantum networking protocols.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0003-6951</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1077-3118</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1063/5.0225082</identifier><identifier>CODEN: APPLAB</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Melville: American Institute of Physics</publisher><subject>Clock synchronization ; Compensation ; Measurement methods ; Time measurement ; Time synchronization</subject><ispartof>Applied physics letters, 2024-10, Vol.125 (16)</ispartof><rights>Author(s)</rights><rights>2024 Author(s). All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c182t-37cb5a8191be763c8627013c76517df6a24fa9b9b912a3feee17d830a497f0973</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-5381-8162 ; 0009-0000-0787-9167 ; 0009-0002-2742-3567 ; 0009-0004-3804-1999 ; 0000-0002-6517-7283 ; 0000-0002-4519-8984 ; 0000-0002-9267-5827 ; 0000-0002-6159-8013 ; 0000-0002-0184-9095 ; 0000-0002-7890-4822 ; 0009-0006-2898-3207 ; 0000-0003-3071-842X ; 0000-0002-3322-6765 ; 0000-0003-3234-4345 ; 0009-0006-9470-072X ; 0000-0002-0532-7884 ; 0009-0009-8673-6628 ; 0000-0003-0737-5342 ; 0009-0006-0252-6315 ; 0000-0002-9854-5767 ; 0000-0001-7241-3793 ; 0000-0002-3418-5790 ; 0000-0003-1820-9163 ; 0000-0001-8135-1811 ; 0000-0001-8508-3797 ; 0009-0007-0526-4354 ; 0000-0001-5695-8339</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://pubs.aip.org/apl/article-lookup/doi/10.1063/5.0225082$$EHTML$$P50$$Gscitation$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,794,4512,27924,27925,76384</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>McKenzie, Wayne</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Richards, Anne Marie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Patel, Shirali</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gerrits, Thomas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Akin, T. G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Peil, Steven</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Black, Adam T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tulchinsky, David</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hastings, Alexander</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li-Baboud, Ya-Shian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rahmouni, Anouar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Burenkov, Ivan A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mink, Alan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Diaz, Matthew</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lal, Nijil</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shi, Yicheng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kuo, Paulina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shrestha, Pranish</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Merzouki, Mheni</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rodriguez Perez, Alejandro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Onuma, Eleanya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jones, Daniel E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Davis, Atiyya A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Searles, Thomas A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Whalen, J. D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Quraishi, Qudsia Sara</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Collins, Kate S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cooper, La Vida</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shaw, Harry</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Crabill, Bruce</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Slattery, Oliver</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Battou, Abdella</creatorcontrib><title>Clock synchronization characterization of the Washington DC metropolitan quantum network (DC-QNet)</title><title>Applied physics letters</title><description>Quantum networking protocols relying on interference and precise time-of-flight measurements require high-precision clock synchronization. This study describes the design, implementation, and characterization of two optical time transfer methods in a metropolitan-scale quantum networking research testbed. With active electronic stabilization, sub-picosecond time deviation (TDEV) was achieved at integration times between 1 and
105 s over 53 km of deployed fiber. Over the same integration periods, 10-ps level TDEV was observed using the White Rabbit–Precision Time Protocol over 128 km. Measurement methods are described to understand the sources of environmental fluctuations on clock synchronization toward the development of in situ compensation methods. Path delay gradients, chromatic dispersion, polarization drift, and optical power variations all contributed to clock synchronization errors. The results from this study will inform future work in the development of compensation methods essential for enabling experimental research in developing practical quantum networking protocols.</description><subject>Clock synchronization</subject><subject>Compensation</subject><subject>Measurement methods</subject><subject>Time measurement</subject><subject>Time synchronization</subject><issn>0003-6951</issn><issn>1077-3118</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kE1LAzEQhoMoWKsH_0HAixW2ZpJms3uUrV9QFEHxGLIx624_kppkkfrrTWm9yhyGeXmYYR6EzoGMgeTsmo8JpZwU9AANgAiRMYDiEA0IISzLSw7H6CSEeRo5ZWyA6mrp9AKHjdWtd7b7UbFzFutWeaWj8X-Ba3BsDX5Xoe3sZ0zJtMIrE71bu2UXlcVfvbKxX2Fr4rfzC3w5rbKXJxNHp-ioUctgzvZ9iN7ubl-rh2z2fP9Y3cwyDQWNGRO65qqAEmojcqaLnAoCTIucg_hockUnjSrrVEAVa4wxKS4YUZNSNKQUbIgudnvX3n31JkQ5d7236aRkQFlJeHKRqNGO0t6F4E0j175bKb-RQORWoeRyrzCxVzs26PTi1sM_8C9zD3Bg</recordid><startdate>20241014</startdate><enddate>20241014</enddate><creator>McKenzie, Wayne</creator><creator>Richards, Anne Marie</creator><creator>Patel, Shirali</creator><creator>Gerrits, Thomas</creator><creator>Akin, T. 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subjects | Clock synchronization Compensation Measurement methods Time measurement Time synchronization |
title | Clock synchronization characterization of the Washington DC metropolitan quantum network (DC-QNet) |
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