Prediction of the energetic particle redistribution by an improved critical gradient model and analysis of the transport threshold
Based on the theory of critical gradient model (CGM) and following the simulation method proposed by Waltz et al. [Nucl. Fusion 55, 123012 (2015)], a combination of TGLFEP and EPtran code is employed to predict the energetic particle (EP) transport induced by Alfvén eigenmodes (AEs). To be consisten...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Physics of plasmas 2022-03, Vol.29 (3) |
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| creator | Zou, Y. Chan, V. S. Van Zeeland, M. A. Heidbrink, W. W. Todo, Y. Chen, Wei Wang, Y. Chen, J. |
| description | Based on the theory of critical gradient model (CGM) and following the simulation method proposed by Waltz et al. [Nucl. Fusion 55, 123012 (2015)], a combination of TGLFEP and EPtran code is employed to predict the energetic particle (EP) transport induced by Alfvén eigenmodes (AEs). To be consistent with the experiment, recent improvements to the simulation method include consideration of threshold evolution and orbit loss due to finite orbit width. The revised CGM is applied to simulate two DIII-D experimental discharges (#142111 and #153071). It well reproduces the experimental profiles with multiple unstable AEs and large-scale EP transport. Discharge #142111 had previously been simulated using a nonlinear MHD-kinetic code MEGA [Todo et al., Nucl. Fusion 55, 073020 (2015)] with a transport mechanism based on stochasticity induced by overlapping AE. By comparing the simulated EP profiles, we find that the AE transport threshold is approximated by both the MEGA nonlinear stability threshold and the proposed CGM threshold (error |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1063/5.0078098 |
| format | Article |
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S. ; Van Zeeland, M. A. ; Heidbrink, W. W. ; Todo, Y. ; Chen, Wei ; Wang, Y. ; Chen, J.</creator><creatorcontrib>Zou, Y. ; Chan, V. S. ; Van Zeeland, M. A. ; Heidbrink, W. W. ; Todo, Y. ; Chen, Wei ; Wang, Y. ; Chen, J. ; General Atomics, San Diego, CA (United States)</creatorcontrib><description>Based on the theory of critical gradient model (CGM) and following the simulation method proposed by Waltz et al. [Nucl. Fusion 55, 123012 (2015)], a combination of TGLFEP and EPtran code is employed to predict the energetic particle (EP) transport induced by Alfvén eigenmodes (AEs). To be consistent with the experiment, recent improvements to the simulation method include consideration of threshold evolution and orbit loss due to finite orbit width. The revised CGM is applied to simulate two DIII-D experimental discharges (#142111 and #153071). It well reproduces the experimental profiles with multiple unstable AEs and large-scale EP transport. Discharge #142111 had previously been simulated using a nonlinear MHD-kinetic code MEGA [Todo et al., Nucl. Fusion 55, 073020 (2015)] with a transport mechanism based on stochasticity induced by overlapping AE. By comparing the simulated EP profiles, we find that the AE transport threshold is approximated by both the MEGA nonlinear stability threshold and the proposed CGM threshold (error <5% for single n and <17% for multiple n simulation). Both of them are larger than the linear stability threshold of the most unstable AE mode by a quantity of the order of the flux needed to sustain EP transport by the background turbulence. We have also applied the improved CGM to simulate the α particle redistribution for a China Fusion Engineering Test Reactor steady state scenario. Because of the clear separation between the AE unstable region and the loss cone, only a moderate α particle loss of ∼9.6% is predicted.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1070-664X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1089-7674</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1063/5.0078098</identifier><identifier>CODEN: PHPAEN</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Melville: American Institute of Physics</publisher><subject>Alpha particles ; Alpha rays ; CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSICS ; Discharge ; Energetic particles ; Engineering test reactors ; linear stability analysis ; magnetic confinement fusion ; magnetohydrodynamics ; plasma dynamics, plasma properties and parameters ; Plasma physics ; plasma waves ; Simulation ; Stability ; tokamaks</subject><ispartof>Physics of plasmas, 2022-03, Vol.29 (3)</ispartof><rights>Author(s)</rights><rights>2022 Author(s). 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To be consistent with the experiment, recent improvements to the simulation method include consideration of threshold evolution and orbit loss due to finite orbit width. The revised CGM is applied to simulate two DIII-D experimental discharges (#142111 and #153071). It well reproduces the experimental profiles with multiple unstable AEs and large-scale EP transport. Discharge #142111 had previously been simulated using a nonlinear MHD-kinetic code MEGA [Todo et al., Nucl. Fusion 55, 073020 (2015)] with a transport mechanism based on stochasticity induced by overlapping AE. By comparing the simulated EP profiles, we find that the AE transport threshold is approximated by both the MEGA nonlinear stability threshold and the proposed CGM threshold (error <5% for single n and <17% for multiple n simulation). Both of them are larger than the linear stability threshold of the most unstable AE mode by a quantity of the order of the flux needed to sustain EP transport by the background turbulence. We have also applied the improved CGM to simulate the α particle redistribution for a China Fusion Engineering Test Reactor steady state scenario. Because of the clear separation between the AE unstable region and the loss cone, only a moderate α particle loss of ∼9.6% is predicted.</description><subject>Alpha particles</subject><subject>Alpha rays</subject><subject>CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSICS</subject><subject>Discharge</subject><subject>Energetic particles</subject><subject>Engineering test reactors</subject><subject>linear stability analysis</subject><subject>magnetic confinement fusion</subject><subject>magnetohydrodynamics</subject><subject>plasma dynamics, plasma properties and parameters</subject><subject>Plasma physics</subject><subject>plasma waves</subject><subject>Simulation</subject><subject>Stability</subject><subject>tokamaks</subject><issn>1070-664X</issn><issn>1089-7674</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp90c9LBCEUB_AhCvp56D-QOhVM6eroeIzoFwR1KOgmjr7ZNWbHSd1gr_3lOe1Wh6CDPIUPX3nvFcUhwWcEc3penWEsaizrjWKH4FqWggu2Od4FLjlnL9vFboyvGGPGq3qn-HgMYJ1JzvfItyjNAEEPYQrJGTTokEsHaDQxBdcsvmCzRLpHbj4E_w4WmeAy0x2aBm0d9AnNvYUuG5uP7pbRxe_wFHQfBx9SfgWIM9_Z_WKr1V2Eg3XdK56vr54ub8v7h5u7y4v70jBKU0kwqwVpuZCEMUKaqhGVaKChVMiaYaCccDHhUk6YbaiEmjHeNqwVFHOrM9srjla5PianonEJzMz4vgeTFJFCYkIyOl6h3NvbAmJSr34RchNRTTgVpGakklmdrJQJPsYArRqCm-uwVASrcQ-qUus9ZHu6suOPepzfD3734Reqwbb_4b_Jn_5alxs</recordid><startdate>20220301</startdate><enddate>20220301</enddate><creator>Zou, Y.</creator><creator>Chan, V. 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W.</creator><creator>Todo, Y.</creator><creator>Chen, Wei</creator><creator>Wang, Y.</creator><creator>Chen, J.</creator><general>American Institute of Physics</general><general>American Institute of Physics (AIP)</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>OIOZB</scope><scope>OTOTI</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9323-8285</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3311-5931</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3273-2663</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6942-8043</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1781-9744</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000000332732663</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000000193238285</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000000333115931</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000000269428043</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000000317819744</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20220301</creationdate><title>Prediction of the energetic particle redistribution by an improved critical gradient model and analysis of the transport threshold</title><author>Zou, Y. ; Chan, V. 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S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Van Zeeland, M. A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Heidbrink, W. W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Todo, Y.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Wei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Y.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>General Atomics, San Diego, CA (United States)</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><collection>OSTI.GOV - Hybrid</collection><collection>OSTI.GOV</collection><jtitle>Physics of plasmas</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Zou, Y.</au><au>Chan, V. S.</au><au>Van Zeeland, M. A.</au><au>Heidbrink, W. W.</au><au>Todo, Y.</au><au>Chen, Wei</au><au>Wang, Y.</au><au>Chen, J.</au><aucorp>General Atomics, San Diego, CA (United States)</aucorp><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Prediction of the energetic particle redistribution by an improved critical gradient model and analysis of the transport threshold</atitle><jtitle>Physics of plasmas</jtitle><date>2022-03-01</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>29</volume><issue>3</issue><issn>1070-664X</issn><eissn>1089-7674</eissn><coden>PHPAEN</coden><abstract>Based on the theory of critical gradient model (CGM) and following the simulation method proposed by Waltz et al. [Nucl. Fusion 55, 123012 (2015)], a combination of TGLFEP and EPtran code is employed to predict the energetic particle (EP) transport induced by Alfvén eigenmodes (AEs). To be consistent with the experiment, recent improvements to the simulation method include consideration of threshold evolution and orbit loss due to finite orbit width. The revised CGM is applied to simulate two DIII-D experimental discharges (#142111 and #153071). It well reproduces the experimental profiles with multiple unstable AEs and large-scale EP transport. Discharge #142111 had previously been simulated using a nonlinear MHD-kinetic code MEGA [Todo et al., Nucl. Fusion 55, 073020 (2015)] with a transport mechanism based on stochasticity induced by overlapping AE. By comparing the simulated EP profiles, we find that the AE transport threshold is approximated by both the MEGA nonlinear stability threshold and the proposed CGM threshold (error <5% for single n and <17% for multiple n simulation). Both of them are larger than the linear stability threshold of the most unstable AE mode by a quantity of the order of the flux needed to sustain EP transport by the background turbulence. We have also applied the improved CGM to simulate the α particle redistribution for a China Fusion Engineering Test Reactor steady state scenario. 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| subjects | Alpha particles Alpha rays CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSICS Discharge Energetic particles Engineering test reactors linear stability analysis magnetic confinement fusion magnetohydrodynamics plasma dynamics, plasma properties and parameters Plasma physics plasma waves Simulation Stability tokamaks |
| title | Prediction of the energetic particle redistribution by an improved critical gradient model and analysis of the transport threshold |
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