Multi-enzyme mimics - cracking the code of subcellular cascade reactions and their potential biological applications

In this review, we discuss the emerging new field of multi-enzyme mimics or multi-nanozymes from a critical perspective portraying the unique characteristics and design strategies that endow a nanomaterial with its multi-enzymatic properties. In order to provide a comprehensive review, distinct and...

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Veröffentlicht in:Materials chemistry frontiers 2023-07, Vol.7 (15), p.337-372
Hauptverfasser: Sahar, Shafaq, Sun, Shichao, Zeb, Akif, Jin, Lulu, Gao, Yong, Tian, Liangfei, Wang, Wei, Xu, An-Wu, Mao, Zhengwei
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container_end_page 372
container_issue 15
container_start_page 337
container_title Materials chemistry frontiers
container_volume 7
creator Sahar, Shafaq
Sun, Shichao
Zeb, Akif
Jin, Lulu
Gao, Yong
Tian, Liangfei
Wang, Wei
Xu, An-Wu
Mao, Zhengwei
description In this review, we discuss the emerging new field of multi-enzyme mimics or multi-nanozymes from a critical perspective portraying the unique characteristics and design strategies that endow a nanomaterial with its multi-enzymatic properties. In order to provide a comprehensive review, distinct and widely used nanomaterials such as metals/metal oxides, low dimensional carbons, Prussian blue analogues (PBAs), metal organic frameworks (MOFs), single-atom catalysts (SACs) and smart assemblies/nanohybrids have been selected as the basis for the discussion on transformation of these materials into multi-nanozymes. Studies reported so far on this fascinating new field have been glanced through with a critical perspective and a debate on the limitations, gaps and general misconceptions that can be found related to these nanomaterials and their properties has been initiated. A thorough discussion on the often-confused cascade mechanisms of redox reactions driven by these multi-nanozymes has been brought into the limelight for the first time and the examples of various multi-nanozymes that have been employed in biological applications have been evaluated categorically. The cascade-like cycle of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and consumption by various nanomaterials to mimic multiple natural enzymes depending on the reaction conditions and environmental stimuli.
doi_str_mv 10.1039/d2qm01373h
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subjects Cascade chemical reactions
Enzymes
Metal oxides
Metal-organic frameworks
Nanomaterials
Pigments
Redox reactions
Single atom catalysts
title Multi-enzyme mimics - cracking the code of subcellular cascade reactions and their potential biological applications
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