Kinetics of nitrogen-doped carbon dot formation via hydrothermal synthesis

Carbon dots (CDs) have attracted great attention because of their unique luminescence properties, chemical inertness, thermal stability, high water solubility, low toxicity, and ease of functionalization. Here, the kinetics of nitrogen-doped CD (N-CD) formation by hydrothermal synthesis were evaluat...

Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:
Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:New journal of chemistry 2016, Vol.40 (6), p.5555-5561
Hauptverfasser: Ogi, Takashi, Aishima, Kana, Permatasari, Fitri Aulia, Iskandar, Ferry, Tanabe, Eishi, Okuyama, Kikuo
Format: Artikel
Sprache:eng
Online-Zugang:Volltext
Tags: Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
container_end_page 5561
container_issue 6
container_start_page 5555
container_title New journal of chemistry
container_volume 40
creator Ogi, Takashi
Aishima, Kana
Permatasari, Fitri Aulia
Iskandar, Ferry
Tanabe, Eishi
Okuyama, Kikuo
description Carbon dots (CDs) have attracted great attention because of their unique luminescence properties, chemical inertness, thermal stability, high water solubility, low toxicity, and ease of functionalization. Here, the kinetics of nitrogen-doped CD (N-CD) formation by hydrothermal synthesis were evaluated in an attempt to realize the rapid and efficient production of N-CDs. A series of N-CDs was synthesized using various heating rates, reaction times, reaction temperatures, and precursor concentrations. Characterization of the series of N-CDs indicated that N-CD formation is a first-order reaction with a reaction rate constant of 0.634 min −1 . In addition, systematic investigation revealed that synthesis temperature is a more important factor to obtain highly fluorescent N-CDs than reaction time. Citric acid amides are formed by the reaction between citric acid and urea at 130 °C and N-CDs consisting of two or three citric acid amide molecules are formed through dehydration, deammoniation and dehydrogenation of citric acid at 150 °C. By adjusting the operating conditions, N-CDs with a highest quantum yield of 39.7% could be produced at a production rate of 50 g h −1 with a reaction time of 16 min. The N-CDs were then embedded in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofibers. The luminescence intensity of the N-CD–PVA composite nanofibers was more than twice that of the N-CDs in solution.
doi_str_mv 10.1039/C6NJ00009F
format Article
fullrecord <record><control><sourceid>crossref</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_crossref_primary_10_1039_C6NJ00009F</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>10_1039_C6NJ00009F</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c338t-d7384cabb7e2cf52902d8805f6b1c1e98bbefd63e26e7f6f47904e03392e86d63</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNpFUEtLAzEYDKJgrV78BTkL0bw2mxxlsdZa9KLnJZt8sZF2U5JF2H9vRMG5zAvmMAhdM3rLqDB3nXrZ0AqzOkELJpQhhit2WjWTktBGqnN0UconpYy1ii3Q5jmOMEVXcAp4jFNOHzASn47gsbN5SCP2acIh5YOdYnVf0eLd7HOadlCzPS7zWGWJ5RKdBbsvcPXHS_S-enjr1mT7-vjU3W-JE0JPxLdCS2eHoQXuQsMN5V5r2gQ1MMfA6GGA4JUArqANKsjWUAlUCMNBq1os0c3vrsuplAyhP-Z4sHnuGe1_Xuj_XxDfEfhQiQ</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype></control><display><type>article</type><title>Kinetics of nitrogen-doped carbon dot formation via hydrothermal synthesis</title><source>Royal Society Of Chemistry Journals</source><source>Alma/SFX Local Collection</source><creator>Ogi, Takashi ; Aishima, Kana ; Permatasari, Fitri Aulia ; Iskandar, Ferry ; Tanabe, Eishi ; Okuyama, Kikuo</creator><creatorcontrib>Ogi, Takashi ; Aishima, Kana ; Permatasari, Fitri Aulia ; Iskandar, Ferry ; Tanabe, Eishi ; Okuyama, Kikuo</creatorcontrib><description>Carbon dots (CDs) have attracted great attention because of their unique luminescence properties, chemical inertness, thermal stability, high water solubility, low toxicity, and ease of functionalization. Here, the kinetics of nitrogen-doped CD (N-CD) formation by hydrothermal synthesis were evaluated in an attempt to realize the rapid and efficient production of N-CDs. A series of N-CDs was synthesized using various heating rates, reaction times, reaction temperatures, and precursor concentrations. Characterization of the series of N-CDs indicated that N-CD formation is a first-order reaction with a reaction rate constant of 0.634 min −1 . In addition, systematic investigation revealed that synthesis temperature is a more important factor to obtain highly fluorescent N-CDs than reaction time. Citric acid amides are formed by the reaction between citric acid and urea at 130 °C and N-CDs consisting of two or three citric acid amide molecules are formed through dehydration, deammoniation and dehydrogenation of citric acid at 150 °C. By adjusting the operating conditions, N-CDs with a highest quantum yield of 39.7% could be produced at a production rate of 50 g h −1 with a reaction time of 16 min. The N-CDs were then embedded in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofibers. The luminescence intensity of the N-CD–PVA composite nanofibers was more than twice that of the N-CDs in solution.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1144-0546</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1369-9261</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1039/C6NJ00009F</identifier><language>eng</language><ispartof>New journal of chemistry, 2016, Vol.40 (6), p.5555-5561</ispartof><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c338t-d7384cabb7e2cf52902d8805f6b1c1e98bbefd63e26e7f6f47904e03392e86d63</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c338t-d7384cabb7e2cf52902d8805f6b1c1e98bbefd63e26e7f6f47904e03392e86d63</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,4024,27923,27924,27925</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Ogi, Takashi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aishima, Kana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Permatasari, Fitri Aulia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Iskandar, Ferry</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tanabe, Eishi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Okuyama, Kikuo</creatorcontrib><title>Kinetics of nitrogen-doped carbon dot formation via hydrothermal synthesis</title><title>New journal of chemistry</title><description>Carbon dots (CDs) have attracted great attention because of their unique luminescence properties, chemical inertness, thermal stability, high water solubility, low toxicity, and ease of functionalization. Here, the kinetics of nitrogen-doped CD (N-CD) formation by hydrothermal synthesis were evaluated in an attempt to realize the rapid and efficient production of N-CDs. A series of N-CDs was synthesized using various heating rates, reaction times, reaction temperatures, and precursor concentrations. Characterization of the series of N-CDs indicated that N-CD formation is a first-order reaction with a reaction rate constant of 0.634 min −1 . In addition, systematic investigation revealed that synthesis temperature is a more important factor to obtain highly fluorescent N-CDs than reaction time. Citric acid amides are formed by the reaction between citric acid and urea at 130 °C and N-CDs consisting of two or three citric acid amide molecules are formed through dehydration, deammoniation and dehydrogenation of citric acid at 150 °C. By adjusting the operating conditions, N-CDs with a highest quantum yield of 39.7% could be produced at a production rate of 50 g h −1 with a reaction time of 16 min. The N-CDs were then embedded in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofibers. The luminescence intensity of the N-CD–PVA composite nanofibers was more than twice that of the N-CDs in solution.</description><issn>1144-0546</issn><issn>1369-9261</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2016</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNpFUEtLAzEYDKJgrV78BTkL0bw2mxxlsdZa9KLnJZt8sZF2U5JF2H9vRMG5zAvmMAhdM3rLqDB3nXrZ0AqzOkELJpQhhit2WjWTktBGqnN0UconpYy1ii3Q5jmOMEVXcAp4jFNOHzASn47gsbN5SCP2acIh5YOdYnVf0eLd7HOadlCzPS7zWGWJ5RKdBbsvcPXHS_S-enjr1mT7-vjU3W-JE0JPxLdCS2eHoQXuQsMN5V5r2gQ1MMfA6GGA4JUArqANKsjWUAlUCMNBq1os0c3vrsuplAyhP-Z4sHnuGe1_Xuj_XxDfEfhQiQ</recordid><startdate>2016</startdate><enddate>2016</enddate><creator>Ogi, Takashi</creator><creator>Aishima, Kana</creator><creator>Permatasari, Fitri Aulia</creator><creator>Iskandar, Ferry</creator><creator>Tanabe, Eishi</creator><creator>Okuyama, Kikuo</creator><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope></search><sort><creationdate>2016</creationdate><title>Kinetics of nitrogen-doped carbon dot formation via hydrothermal synthesis</title><author>Ogi, Takashi ; Aishima, Kana ; Permatasari, Fitri Aulia ; Iskandar, Ferry ; Tanabe, Eishi ; Okuyama, Kikuo</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c338t-d7384cabb7e2cf52902d8805f6b1c1e98bbefd63e26e7f6f47904e03392e86d63</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2016</creationdate><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Ogi, Takashi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aishima, Kana</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Permatasari, Fitri Aulia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Iskandar, Ferry</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tanabe, Eishi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Okuyama, Kikuo</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><jtitle>New journal of chemistry</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Ogi, Takashi</au><au>Aishima, Kana</au><au>Permatasari, Fitri Aulia</au><au>Iskandar, Ferry</au><au>Tanabe, Eishi</au><au>Okuyama, Kikuo</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Kinetics of nitrogen-doped carbon dot formation via hydrothermal synthesis</atitle><jtitle>New journal of chemistry</jtitle><date>2016</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>40</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>5555</spage><epage>5561</epage><pages>5555-5561</pages><issn>1144-0546</issn><eissn>1369-9261</eissn><abstract>Carbon dots (CDs) have attracted great attention because of their unique luminescence properties, chemical inertness, thermal stability, high water solubility, low toxicity, and ease of functionalization. Here, the kinetics of nitrogen-doped CD (N-CD) formation by hydrothermal synthesis were evaluated in an attempt to realize the rapid and efficient production of N-CDs. A series of N-CDs was synthesized using various heating rates, reaction times, reaction temperatures, and precursor concentrations. Characterization of the series of N-CDs indicated that N-CD formation is a first-order reaction with a reaction rate constant of 0.634 min −1 . In addition, systematic investigation revealed that synthesis temperature is a more important factor to obtain highly fluorescent N-CDs than reaction time. Citric acid amides are formed by the reaction between citric acid and urea at 130 °C and N-CDs consisting of two or three citric acid amide molecules are formed through dehydration, deammoniation and dehydrogenation of citric acid at 150 °C. By adjusting the operating conditions, N-CDs with a highest quantum yield of 39.7% could be produced at a production rate of 50 g h −1 with a reaction time of 16 min. The N-CDs were then embedded in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofibers. The luminescence intensity of the N-CD–PVA composite nanofibers was more than twice that of the N-CDs in solution.</abstract><doi>10.1039/C6NJ00009F</doi><tpages>7</tpages></addata></record>
fulltext fulltext
identifier ISSN: 1144-0546
ispartof New journal of chemistry, 2016, Vol.40 (6), p.5555-5561
issn 1144-0546
1369-9261
language eng
recordid cdi_crossref_primary_10_1039_C6NJ00009F
source Royal Society Of Chemistry Journals; Alma/SFX Local Collection
title Kinetics of nitrogen-doped carbon dot formation via hydrothermal synthesis
url https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-24T20%3A11%3A09IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-crossref&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Kinetics%20of%20nitrogen-doped%20carbon%20dot%20formation%20via%20hydrothermal%20synthesis&rft.jtitle=New%20journal%20of%20chemistry&rft.au=Ogi,%20Takashi&rft.date=2016&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=5555&rft.epage=5561&rft.pages=5555-5561&rft.issn=1144-0546&rft.eissn=1369-9261&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039/C6NJ00009F&rft_dat=%3Ccrossref%3E10_1039_C6NJ00009F%3C/crossref%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_id=info:pmid/&rfr_iscdi=true