Swainsonine and Endophyte Relationships in Astragalus mollissimus and Astragalus lentiginosus
Locoweeds are defined as Astragalus and Oxytropis species that induce locoism due to the toxic alkaloid swainsonine. Swainsonine was detected in all parts of Astragalus lentiginosus and Astragalus mollissimus, with greater concentrations found in the aboveground parts. Undifilum oxytropis, a fungal...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2011-02, Vol.59 (4), p.1281-1287 |
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| container_title | Journal of agricultural and food chemistry |
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| creator | Cook, Daniel Gardner, Dale R Grum, Daniel Pfister, James A Ralphs, Michael H Welch, Kevin D Green, Benedict T |
| description | Locoweeds are defined as Astragalus and Oxytropis species that induce locoism due to the toxic alkaloid swainsonine. Swainsonine was detected in all parts of Astragalus lentiginosus and Astragalus mollissimus, with greater concentrations found in the aboveground parts. Undifilum oxytropis, a fungal endophyte responsible for the synthesis of swainsonine, was detected in all plant parts of A. lentiginosus and A. mollissimus. The amount of endophyte within a plant part does not always correspond to the concentration of swainsonine in the same part. Plants of A. mollissimus and A. lentiginosus can be divided into two chemotypes: those that contain swainsonine (>0.1%; chemotype 1) and those that contain little or no detectable swainsonine ( |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1021/jf103551t |
| format | Article |
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Swainsonine was detected in all parts of Astragalus lentiginosus and Astragalus mollissimus, with greater concentrations found in the aboveground parts. Undifilum oxytropis, a fungal endophyte responsible for the synthesis of swainsonine, was detected in all plant parts of A. lentiginosus and A. mollissimus. The amount of endophyte within a plant part does not always correspond to the concentration of swainsonine in the same part. Plants of A. mollissimus and A. lentiginosus can be divided into two chemotypes: those that contain swainsonine (>0.1%; chemotype 1) and those that contain little or no detectable swainsonine (<0.01%; chemotype 2). Chemotype 1 plants in both species had quantitatively higher amounts of endophyte compared to chemotype 2 plants. Swainsonine and endophyte amounts were not uniformly distributed within stalks of the same plant. For that reason, repeated sampling of stalks from the same plant during one growing season may provide misleading results. Sequence variants of U. oxytropis exist within populations of A. mollissimus, A. lentiginosus, and Oxytropis sericea and do not correlate with chemotype. These findings suggest several possible reasons for differential concentrations of swainsonine that will be tested in future work.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0021-8561</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1520-5118</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1021/jf103551t</identifier><identifier>PMID: 21214242</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JAFCAU</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Washington, DC: American Chemical Society</publisher><subject>Ascomycota - metabolism ; Biological and medical sciences ; Chemical Composition of Foods/Feeds ; Fabaceae - chemistry ; Fabaceae - microbiology ; Food industries ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Plant Components, Aerial - chemistry ; Plant Components, Aerial - microbiology ; Swainsonine - analysis ; Swainsonine - metabolism ; Swainsonine - toxicity</subject><ispartof>Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 2011-02, Vol.59 (4), p.1281-1287</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2011 U.S. Government</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a368t-65f640b403bfaad38f770703c32c673cd1b957e399eeae03d4f824a6b5a9a9273</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-a368t-65f640b403bfaad38f770703c32c673cd1b957e399eeae03d4f824a6b5a9a9273</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/jf103551t$$EPDF$$P50$$Gacs$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf103551t$$EHTML$$P50$$Gacs$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,777,781,2752,27057,27905,27906,56719,56769</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=23890536$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21214242$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Cook, Daniel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gardner, Dale R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Grum, Daniel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pfister, James A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ralphs, Michael H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Welch, Kevin D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Green, Benedict T</creatorcontrib><title>Swainsonine and Endophyte Relationships in Astragalus mollissimus and Astragalus lentiginosus</title><title>Journal of agricultural and food chemistry</title><addtitle>J. Agric. Food Chem</addtitle><description>Locoweeds are defined as Astragalus and Oxytropis species that induce locoism due to the toxic alkaloid swainsonine. Swainsonine was detected in all parts of Astragalus lentiginosus and Astragalus mollissimus, with greater concentrations found in the aboveground parts. Undifilum oxytropis, a fungal endophyte responsible for the synthesis of swainsonine, was detected in all plant parts of A. lentiginosus and A. mollissimus. The amount of endophyte within a plant part does not always correspond to the concentration of swainsonine in the same part. Plants of A. mollissimus and A. lentiginosus can be divided into two chemotypes: those that contain swainsonine (>0.1%; chemotype 1) and those that contain little or no detectable swainsonine (<0.01%; chemotype 2). Chemotype 1 plants in both species had quantitatively higher amounts of endophyte compared to chemotype 2 plants. Swainsonine and endophyte amounts were not uniformly distributed within stalks of the same plant. For that reason, repeated sampling of stalks from the same plant during one growing season may provide misleading results. Sequence variants of U. oxytropis exist within populations of A. mollissimus, A. lentiginosus, and Oxytropis sericea and do not correlate with chemotype. These findings suggest several possible reasons for differential concentrations of swainsonine that will be tested in future work.</description><subject>Ascomycota - metabolism</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Chemical Composition of Foods/Feeds</subject><subject>Fabaceae - chemistry</subject><subject>Fabaceae - microbiology</subject><subject>Food industries</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Plant Components, Aerial - chemistry</subject><subject>Plant Components, Aerial - microbiology</subject><subject>Swainsonine - analysis</subject><subject>Swainsonine - metabolism</subject><subject>Swainsonine - toxicity</subject><issn>0021-8561</issn><issn>1520-5118</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2011</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNpt0E1LxEAMBuBBFF1XD_4B7cWDh2oy0-nHURa_QBBcPUpJ25l1lna6NC3iv7fL6urBUwJ5EsIrxAnCJYLEq6VFUFpjvyMmqCWEGjHdFRMYh2GqYzwQh8xLAEh1AvviQKLESEZyIt7mH-Q8t955E5Cvghtftav3z94Ez6am3rWe392KA-eDa-47WlA9cNC0de2YXTP2660_o9r43i2cb3ngI7FnqWZz_F2n4vX25mV2Hz4-3T3Mrh9DUnHah7G2cQRFBKqwRJVKbZJAAqpUsowTVVZYZDoxKsuMIQOqimwqI4oLTRllMlFTcbG5W3Ytc2dsvupcQ91njpCvI8q3EY32dGNXQ9GYait_MhnB-TcgLqm2HfnS8a9TaQZaxaM72zhLbU6LbjSvcwmoADONWuHvJSo5X7ZD58cQ_nnpC5nyhPE</recordid><startdate>20110223</startdate><enddate>20110223</enddate><creator>Cook, Daniel</creator><creator>Gardner, Dale R</creator><creator>Grum, Daniel</creator><creator>Pfister, James A</creator><creator>Ralphs, Michael H</creator><creator>Welch, Kevin D</creator><creator>Green, Benedict T</creator><general>American Chemical Society</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20110223</creationdate><title>Swainsonine and Endophyte Relationships in Astragalus mollissimus and Astragalus lentiginosus</title><author>Cook, Daniel ; Gardner, Dale R ; Grum, Daniel ; Pfister, James A ; Ralphs, Michael H ; Welch, Kevin D ; Green, Benedict T</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a368t-65f640b403bfaad38f770703c32c673cd1b957e399eeae03d4f824a6b5a9a9273</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2011</creationdate><topic>Ascomycota - metabolism</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Chemical Composition of Foods/Feeds</topic><topic>Fabaceae - chemistry</topic><topic>Fabaceae - microbiology</topic><topic>Food industries</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Plant Components, Aerial - chemistry</topic><topic>Plant Components, Aerial - microbiology</topic><topic>Swainsonine - analysis</topic><topic>Swainsonine - metabolism</topic><topic>Swainsonine - toxicity</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Cook, Daniel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gardner, Dale R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Grum, Daniel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pfister, James A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ralphs, Michael H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Welch, Kevin D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Green, Benedict T</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><jtitle>Journal of agricultural and food chemistry</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Cook, Daniel</au><au>Gardner, Dale R</au><au>Grum, Daniel</au><au>Pfister, James A</au><au>Ralphs, Michael H</au><au>Welch, Kevin D</au><au>Green, Benedict T</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Swainsonine and Endophyte Relationships in Astragalus mollissimus and Astragalus lentiginosus</atitle><jtitle>Journal of agricultural and food chemistry</jtitle><addtitle>J. Agric. Food Chem</addtitle><date>2011-02-23</date><risdate>2011</risdate><volume>59</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>1281</spage><epage>1287</epage><pages>1281-1287</pages><issn>0021-8561</issn><eissn>1520-5118</eissn><coden>JAFCAU</coden><abstract>Locoweeds are defined as Astragalus and Oxytropis species that induce locoism due to the toxic alkaloid swainsonine. Swainsonine was detected in all parts of Astragalus lentiginosus and Astragalus mollissimus, with greater concentrations found in the aboveground parts. Undifilum oxytropis, a fungal endophyte responsible for the synthesis of swainsonine, was detected in all plant parts of A. lentiginosus and A. mollissimus. The amount of endophyte within a plant part does not always correspond to the concentration of swainsonine in the same part. Plants of A. mollissimus and A. lentiginosus can be divided into two chemotypes: those that contain swainsonine (>0.1%; chemotype 1) and those that contain little or no detectable swainsonine (<0.01%; chemotype 2). Chemotype 1 plants in both species had quantitatively higher amounts of endophyte compared to chemotype 2 plants. Swainsonine and endophyte amounts were not uniformly distributed within stalks of the same plant. For that reason, repeated sampling of stalks from the same plant during one growing season may provide misleading results. Sequence variants of U. oxytropis exist within populations of A. mollissimus, A. lentiginosus, and Oxytropis sericea and do not correlate with chemotype. These findings suggest several possible reasons for differential concentrations of swainsonine that will be tested in future work.</abstract><cop>Washington, DC</cop><pub>American Chemical Society</pub><pmid>21214242</pmid><doi>10.1021/jf103551t</doi><tpages>7</tpages></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; ACS Publications |
| subjects | Ascomycota - metabolism Biological and medical sciences Chemical Composition of Foods/Feeds Fabaceae - chemistry Fabaceae - microbiology Food industries Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Plant Components, Aerial - chemistry Plant Components, Aerial - microbiology Swainsonine - analysis Swainsonine - metabolism Swainsonine - toxicity |
| title | Swainsonine and Endophyte Relationships in Astragalus mollissimus and Astragalus lentiginosus |
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