One Site, Two Cations, Three Environments: s 2 and s 0 Electronic Configurations Generate Pb-Free Relaxor Behavior in a Perovskite Oxide

The piezoelectric devices widespread in society use noncentrosymmetric Pb-based oxides because of their outstanding functional properties. The highest figures of merit reported are for perovskites based on the parent Pb(Mg Nb )O (PMN), which is a relaxor: a centrosymmetric material with local symmet...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of the American Chemical Society 2021-01, Vol.143 (3), p.1386-1398
Hauptverfasser: Surta, T Wesley, Whittle, Thomas A, Wright, Matthew A, Niu, Hongjun, Gamon, Jacinthe, Gibson, Quinn D, Daniels, Luke M, Thomas, William J, Zanella, Marco, Shepley, Philippa M, Li, Yang, Goetzee-Barral, Anton, Bell, Andrew J, Alaria, Jonathan, Claridge, John B, Rosseinsky, Matthew J
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container_issue 3
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container_title Journal of the American Chemical Society
container_volume 143
creator Surta, T Wesley
Whittle, Thomas A
Wright, Matthew A
Niu, Hongjun
Gamon, Jacinthe
Gibson, Quinn D
Daniels, Luke M
Thomas, William J
Zanella, Marco
Shepley, Philippa M
Li, Yang
Goetzee-Barral, Anton
Bell, Andrew J
Alaria, Jonathan
Claridge, John B
Rosseinsky, Matthew J
description The piezoelectric devices widespread in society use noncentrosymmetric Pb-based oxides because of their outstanding functional properties. The highest figures of merit reported are for perovskites based on the parent Pb(Mg Nb )O (PMN), which is a relaxor: a centrosymmetric material with local symmetry breaking that enables functional properties, which resemble those of a noncentrosymmetric material. We present the Pb-free relaxor (K Bi )(Mg Nb )O (KBMN), where the thermal and (di)electric behavior emerges from the discrete structural roles of the s K and s Bi cations occupying the same A site in the perovskite structure, as revealed by diffraction methods. This opens a distinctive route to Pb-free piezoelectrics based on relaxor parents, which we demonstrate in a solid solution of KBMN with the Pb-free ferroelectric (K Bi )TiO , where the structure and function evolve together, revealing a morphotropic phase boundary, as seen in PMN-derived systems. The detailed multiple-length-scale understanding of the functional behavior of KBMN suggests that precise chemical manipulation of the more diverse local displacements in the Pb-free relaxor will enhance performance.
doi_str_mv 10.1021/jacs.0c10572
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