Progress on Transition Metal-Doped ZnO Nanoparticles and Its Application

ZnO nanoparticles are still a hot area for research even after ample work has been done by researchers across the world. It is a versatile material for doping of different transition metals among other metal oxides. Having a large family of morphological structures, high electron mobility, and n-type carrier defects, it is suitable for a number of applications such as memory devices, spintronics, optoelectronic devices, solar cells, and sensors. Here, we have emphasized a review of the effects of transition metal (TM) doping on the different physical properties of ZnO nanoparticles and their applications. We have gone through some theoretical models which were used by most of the researchers for explaining the variations in physical properties. Explanation of the sensing, photocatalytic, and optoelectronic processes in different classes of devices is briefly described. Lastly, the comparative studies of different devices are also made available for clear understanding.