Integration of Multidisciplinary Methods to Better Understand Regional Carbon Emissions

The latest report by Working Group III of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change stated that the average annual emissions of global greenhouse gases during 2010–2019 were at the highest level in human history. As the largest energy consumer and carbon emitter in the world, China has pledged to reach peak carbon emissions before 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality before 2060 by implementing strict policies and measures. Accurate monitoring and evaluation of regional CO2 emissions are fundamental in formulating carbon emission reduction strategies and conducting international verification. However, estimating CO2 emissions in key industries, cities, and regions is a complex task that involves multidisciplinary methods such as carbon accounting, carbon monitoring, numerical simulation, and remote sensing inversion.