Simultaneous determination of alpha-emitting nuclides of radium through californium in large environmental and biological samples
A previous procedure for the simultaneous determination of all ..cap alpha..-emitting radionuclides from radium through californium in a single 10-g sample of soil has been modified for application to 50-g samples of soil and large samples of water, air dusts, vegetation ash, and soft tissue ash. Ev...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Anal. Chem.; (United States) 1979-07, Vol.51 (8), p.1307-1314 |
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| creator | Sill, Claude W Hindman, Forest D Anderson, Jesse I |
| description | A previous procedure for the simultaneous determination of all ..cap alpha..-emitting radionuclides from radium through californium in a single 10-g sample of soil has been modified for application to 50-g samples of soil and large samples of water, air dusts, vegetation ash, and soft tissue ash. Even with such large samples of soil, fusions with potassium fluoride and pyrosulfate have been retained to ensure complete dissolution of all refractory compounds including oxides, silicates, and carbides. The actinides from large water samples are concentrated by precipitation with ferrous hydroxide so that insoluble particulates as well as soluble forms will be collected, both of which can then be dissolved in the subsequent fusions to obtain complete recovery of the radionuclides present in whatever form. Protactinium, uranium, and neptunium are all precipitated with ferrous hydroxide to better than 99% in contrast to recoveries less than 50% that are obtained by the more common precipitation with ferric hydroxide. The actinides from all sample types are then precipitated with barium sulfate, extracted into Aliquat-336, electrodeposited, and analyzed by ..cap alpha.. spectrometry. Overall yields are generally larger than 90% with most of the radionuclides with electrodeposition contributing the largest and most variable error. Detection limits for a 10/sup 3/-min count at 28% counting efficiency are about 0.2 fCi/g for 50 g of soil, 1 fCi/g for 10 g of vegetation ash or soft tissue ash, 1 fCi/L for 10 L of water and 1 aCi/m/sup 3/ for 10/sup 4/ M/sup 3/ of air. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1021/ac50044a043 |
| format | Article |
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Even with such large samples of soil, fusions with potassium fluoride and pyrosulfate have been retained to ensure complete dissolution of all refractory compounds including oxides, silicates, and carbides. The actinides from large water samples are concentrated by precipitation with ferrous hydroxide so that insoluble particulates as well as soluble forms will be collected, both of which can then be dissolved in the subsequent fusions to obtain complete recovery of the radionuclides present in whatever form. Protactinium, uranium, and neptunium are all precipitated with ferrous hydroxide to better than 99% in contrast to recoveries less than 50% that are obtained by the more common precipitation with ferric hydroxide. The actinides from all sample types are then precipitated with barium sulfate, extracted into Aliquat-336, electrodeposited, and analyzed by ..cap alpha.. spectrometry. Overall yields are generally larger than 90% with most of the radionuclides with electrodeposition contributing the largest and most variable error. Detection limits for a 10/sup 3/-min count at 28% counting efficiency are about 0.2 fCi/g for 50 g of soil, 1 fCi/g for 10 g of vegetation ash or soft tissue ash, 1 fCi/L for 10 L of water and 1 aCi/m/sup 3/ for 10/sup 4/ M/sup 3/ of air.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0003-2700</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1520-6882</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1021/ac50044a043</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: American Chemical Society</publisher><subject>400103 - Radiometric & Radiochemical Procedures- (-1987) ; ACTINIDES ; ACTINIUM ; AIR ; ALKALI METAL COMPOUNDS ; ALKALINE EARTH METAL COMPOUNDS ; ALKALINE EARTH METALS ; ALPHA SOURCES ; AMERICIUM ; ASHES ; BARIUM COMPOUNDS ; BARIUM SULFATES ; BERKELIUM ; BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS ; CALIFORNIUM ; CARBIDES ; CARBON COMPOUNDS ; CHALCOGENIDES ; CHEMICAL ANALYSIS ; CURIUM ; DEPOSITION ; DUSTS ; ELECTRODEPOSITION ; ELECTROLYSIS ; ELEMENTS ; ENVIRONMENTAL MATERIALS ; FLUIDS ; FLUORIDES ; FLUORINE COMPOUNDS ; GASES ; HALIDES ; HALOGEN COMPOUNDS ; HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS ; HYDROXIDES ; INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY ; ION SOURCES ; IRON COMPOUNDS ; IRON HYDROXIDES ; ISOTOPES ; LYSIS ; METALS ; NEPTUNIUM ; OXIDES ; OXYGEN COMPOUNDS ; PARTICLE SOURCES ; PLANTS ; PLUTONIUM ; POTASSIUM COMPOUNDS ; POTASSIUM FLUORIDES ; PROTACTINIUM ; QUALITATIVE CHEMICAL ANALYSIS ; RADIATION SOURCES ; RADIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS ; RADIOISOTOPES ; RADIUM ; RESIDUES ; SILICATES ; SILICON COMPOUNDS ; SOILS ; SULFATES ; SULFUR COMPOUNDS ; SURFACE COATING ; THORIUM ; TRANSITION ELEMENT COMPOUNDS ; TRANSPLUTONIUM ELEMENTS ; TRANSURANIUM ELEMENTS ; URANIUM ; WATER</subject><ispartof>Anal. Chem.; (United States), 1979-07, Vol.51 (8), p.1307-1314</ispartof><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a328t-ea6d4c68cc6830960005ccca382c76ef85d5d3543c4fd890ea75d2c31e0e257b3</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/ac50044a043$$EPDF$$P50$$Gacs$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac50044a043$$EHTML$$P50$$Gacs$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,885,2765,27076,27924,27925,56738,56788</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.osti.gov/biblio/6259991$$D View this record in Osti.gov$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Sill, Claude W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hindman, Forest D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Anderson, Jesse I</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dept. of Energy, Idaho Falls, ID</creatorcontrib><title>Simultaneous determination of alpha-emitting nuclides of radium through californium in large environmental and biological samples</title><title>Anal. Chem.; (United States)</title><addtitle>Anal. Chem</addtitle><description>A previous procedure for the simultaneous determination of all ..cap alpha..-emitting radionuclides from radium through californium in a single 10-g sample of soil has been modified for application to 50-g samples of soil and large samples of water, air dusts, vegetation ash, and soft tissue ash. Even with such large samples of soil, fusions with potassium fluoride and pyrosulfate have been retained to ensure complete dissolution of all refractory compounds including oxides, silicates, and carbides. The actinides from large water samples are concentrated by precipitation with ferrous hydroxide so that insoluble particulates as well as soluble forms will be collected, both of which can then be dissolved in the subsequent fusions to obtain complete recovery of the radionuclides present in whatever form. Protactinium, uranium, and neptunium are all precipitated with ferrous hydroxide to better than 99% in contrast to recoveries less than 50% that are obtained by the more common precipitation with ferric hydroxide. The actinides from all sample types are then precipitated with barium sulfate, extracted into Aliquat-336, electrodeposited, and analyzed by ..cap alpha.. spectrometry. Overall yields are generally larger than 90% with most of the radionuclides with electrodeposition contributing the largest and most variable error. Detection limits for a 10/sup 3/-min count at 28% counting efficiency are about 0.2 fCi/g for 50 g of soil, 1 fCi/g for 10 g of vegetation ash or soft tissue ash, 1 fCi/L for 10 L of water and 1 aCi/m/sup 3/ for 10/sup 4/ M/sup 3/ of air.</description><subject>400103 - Radiometric & Radiochemical Procedures- (-1987)</subject><subject>ACTINIDES</subject><subject>ACTINIUM</subject><subject>AIR</subject><subject>ALKALI METAL COMPOUNDS</subject><subject>ALKALINE EARTH METAL COMPOUNDS</subject><subject>ALKALINE EARTH METALS</subject><subject>ALPHA SOURCES</subject><subject>AMERICIUM</subject><subject>ASHES</subject><subject>BARIUM COMPOUNDS</subject><subject>BARIUM SULFATES</subject><subject>BERKELIUM</subject><subject>BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS</subject><subject>CALIFORNIUM</subject><subject>CARBIDES</subject><subject>CARBON COMPOUNDS</subject><subject>CHALCOGENIDES</subject><subject>CHEMICAL ANALYSIS</subject><subject>CURIUM</subject><subject>DEPOSITION</subject><subject>DUSTS</subject><subject>ELECTRODEPOSITION</subject><subject>ELECTROLYSIS</subject><subject>ELEMENTS</subject><subject>ENVIRONMENTAL MATERIALS</subject><subject>FLUIDS</subject><subject>FLUORIDES</subject><subject>FLUORINE COMPOUNDS</subject><subject>GASES</subject><subject>HALIDES</subject><subject>HALOGEN COMPOUNDS</subject><subject>HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS</subject><subject>HYDROXIDES</subject><subject>INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY</subject><subject>ION SOURCES</subject><subject>IRON COMPOUNDS</subject><subject>IRON HYDROXIDES</subject><subject>ISOTOPES</subject><subject>LYSIS</subject><subject>METALS</subject><subject>NEPTUNIUM</subject><subject>OXIDES</subject><subject>OXYGEN COMPOUNDS</subject><subject>PARTICLE SOURCES</subject><subject>PLANTS</subject><subject>PLUTONIUM</subject><subject>POTASSIUM COMPOUNDS</subject><subject>POTASSIUM FLUORIDES</subject><subject>PROTACTINIUM</subject><subject>QUALITATIVE CHEMICAL ANALYSIS</subject><subject>RADIATION SOURCES</subject><subject>RADIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS</subject><subject>RADIOISOTOPES</subject><subject>RADIUM</subject><subject>RESIDUES</subject><subject>SILICATES</subject><subject>SILICON COMPOUNDS</subject><subject>SOILS</subject><subject>SULFATES</subject><subject>SULFUR COMPOUNDS</subject><subject>SURFACE COATING</subject><subject>THORIUM</subject><subject>TRANSITION ELEMENT COMPOUNDS</subject><subject>TRANSPLUTONIUM ELEMENTS</subject><subject>TRANSURANIUM ELEMENTS</subject><subject>URANIUM</subject><subject>WATER</subject><issn>0003-2700</issn><issn>1520-6882</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1979</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNpt0E2LFDEQBuAgCo6rJ_9A8OJBWitJpz-OuujusgOKu55DbVI9kzWdDEla9Og_t4eRxYOHoqDqoeAtxl4KeCtAindoNUDbIrTqEdsILaHphkE-ZhsAUI3sAZ6yZ6XcAwgBotuw3zd-XkLFSGkp3FGlPPuI1afI08QxHPbY0Oxr9XHH42KDd1SOq4zOLzOv-5yW3Z5bDH5KOR5nPvKAeUec4g-fU5wpVgwco-N3PoW086vmBedDoPKcPZkwFHrxt5-xb58-3p5fNtvPF1fn77cNKjnUhrBzre0Gu5aCsVsDaWstqkHavqNp0E47pVtl28kNIxD22kmrBAFJ3d-pM_bqdDeV6k2xvpLd2xQj2Wo6qcdxFCt6c0I2p1IyTeaQ_Yz5lxFgji82_7x41c1J-1Lp5wPF_N10veq1uf1yY_qv28tr_eHCXK_-9cmjLeY-LTmugf97-Q_85Y05</recordid><startdate>19790701</startdate><enddate>19790701</enddate><creator>Sill, Claude W</creator><creator>Hindman, Forest D</creator><creator>Anderson, Jesse I</creator><general>American Chemical Society</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>OTOTI</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19790701</creationdate><title>Simultaneous determination of alpha-emitting nuclides of radium through californium in large environmental and biological samples</title><author>Sill, Claude W ; Hindman, Forest D ; Anderson, Jesse I</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a328t-ea6d4c68cc6830960005ccca382c76ef85d5d3543c4fd890ea75d2c31e0e257b3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1979</creationdate><topic>400103 - Radiometric & Radiochemical Procedures- (-1987)</topic><topic>ACTINIDES</topic><topic>ACTINIUM</topic><topic>AIR</topic><topic>ALKALI METAL COMPOUNDS</topic><topic>ALKALINE EARTH METAL COMPOUNDS</topic><topic>ALKALINE EARTH METALS</topic><topic>ALPHA SOURCES</topic><topic>AMERICIUM</topic><topic>ASHES</topic><topic>BARIUM COMPOUNDS</topic><topic>BARIUM SULFATES</topic><topic>BERKELIUM</topic><topic>BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS</topic><topic>CALIFORNIUM</topic><topic>CARBIDES</topic><topic>CARBON COMPOUNDS</topic><topic>CHALCOGENIDES</topic><topic>CHEMICAL ANALYSIS</topic><topic>CURIUM</topic><topic>DEPOSITION</topic><topic>DUSTS</topic><topic>ELECTRODEPOSITION</topic><topic>ELECTROLYSIS</topic><topic>ELEMENTS</topic><topic>ENVIRONMENTAL MATERIALS</topic><topic>FLUIDS</topic><topic>FLUORIDES</topic><topic>FLUORINE COMPOUNDS</topic><topic>GASES</topic><topic>HALIDES</topic><topic>HALOGEN COMPOUNDS</topic><topic>HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS</topic><topic>HYDROXIDES</topic><topic>INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY</topic><topic>ION SOURCES</topic><topic>IRON COMPOUNDS</topic><topic>IRON HYDROXIDES</topic><topic>ISOTOPES</topic><topic>LYSIS</topic><topic>METALS</topic><topic>NEPTUNIUM</topic><topic>OXIDES</topic><topic>OXYGEN COMPOUNDS</topic><topic>PARTICLE SOURCES</topic><topic>PLANTS</topic><topic>PLUTONIUM</topic><topic>POTASSIUM COMPOUNDS</topic><topic>POTASSIUM FLUORIDES</topic><topic>PROTACTINIUM</topic><topic>QUALITATIVE CHEMICAL ANALYSIS</topic><topic>RADIATION SOURCES</topic><topic>RADIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS</topic><topic>RADIOISOTOPES</topic><topic>RADIUM</topic><topic>RESIDUES</topic><topic>SILICATES</topic><topic>SILICON COMPOUNDS</topic><topic>SOILS</topic><topic>SULFATES</topic><topic>SULFUR COMPOUNDS</topic><topic>SURFACE COATING</topic><topic>THORIUM</topic><topic>TRANSITION ELEMENT COMPOUNDS</topic><topic>TRANSPLUTONIUM ELEMENTS</topic><topic>TRANSURANIUM ELEMENTS</topic><topic>URANIUM</topic><topic>WATER</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Sill, Claude W</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hindman, Forest D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Anderson, Jesse I</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dept. of Energy, Idaho Falls, ID</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>OSTI.GOV</collection><jtitle>Anal. Chem.; (United States)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Sill, Claude W</au><au>Hindman, Forest D</au><au>Anderson, Jesse I</au><aucorp>Dept. of Energy, Idaho Falls, ID</aucorp><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Simultaneous determination of alpha-emitting nuclides of radium through californium in large environmental and biological samples</atitle><jtitle>Anal. Chem.; (United States)</jtitle><addtitle>Anal. Chem</addtitle><date>1979-07-01</date><risdate>1979</risdate><volume>51</volume><issue>8</issue><spage>1307</spage><epage>1314</epage><pages>1307-1314</pages><issn>0003-2700</issn><eissn>1520-6882</eissn><abstract>A previous procedure for the simultaneous determination of all ..cap alpha..-emitting radionuclides from radium through californium in a single 10-g sample of soil has been modified for application to 50-g samples of soil and large samples of water, air dusts, vegetation ash, and soft tissue ash. Even with such large samples of soil, fusions with potassium fluoride and pyrosulfate have been retained to ensure complete dissolution of all refractory compounds including oxides, silicates, and carbides. The actinides from large water samples are concentrated by precipitation with ferrous hydroxide so that insoluble particulates as well as soluble forms will be collected, both of which can then be dissolved in the subsequent fusions to obtain complete recovery of the radionuclides present in whatever form. Protactinium, uranium, and neptunium are all precipitated with ferrous hydroxide to better than 99% in contrast to recoveries less than 50% that are obtained by the more common precipitation with ferric hydroxide. The actinides from all sample types are then precipitated with barium sulfate, extracted into Aliquat-336, electrodeposited, and analyzed by ..cap alpha.. spectrometry. Overall yields are generally larger than 90% with most of the radionuclides with electrodeposition contributing the largest and most variable error. Detection limits for a 10/sup 3/-min count at 28% counting efficiency are about 0.2 fCi/g for 50 g of soil, 1 fCi/g for 10 g of vegetation ash or soft tissue ash, 1 fCi/L for 10 L of water and 1 aCi/m/sup 3/ for 10/sup 4/ M/sup 3/ of air.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>American Chemical Society</pub><doi>10.1021/ac50044a043</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
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| ispartof | Anal. Chem.; (United States), 1979-07, Vol.51 (8), p.1307-1314 |
| issn | 0003-2700 1520-6882 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_crossref_primary_10_1021_ac50044a043 |
| source | ACS Publications |
| subjects | 400103 - Radiometric & Radiochemical Procedures- (-1987) ACTINIDES ACTINIUM AIR ALKALI METAL COMPOUNDS ALKALINE EARTH METAL COMPOUNDS ALKALINE EARTH METALS ALPHA SOURCES AMERICIUM ASHES BARIUM COMPOUNDS BARIUM SULFATES BERKELIUM BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS CALIFORNIUM CARBIDES CARBON COMPOUNDS CHALCOGENIDES CHEMICAL ANALYSIS CURIUM DEPOSITION DUSTS ELECTRODEPOSITION ELECTROLYSIS ELEMENTS ENVIRONMENTAL MATERIALS FLUIDS FLUORIDES FLUORINE COMPOUNDS GASES HALIDES HALOGEN COMPOUNDS HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS HYDROXIDES INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY ION SOURCES IRON COMPOUNDS IRON HYDROXIDES ISOTOPES LYSIS METALS NEPTUNIUM OXIDES OXYGEN COMPOUNDS PARTICLE SOURCES PLANTS PLUTONIUM POTASSIUM COMPOUNDS POTASSIUM FLUORIDES PROTACTINIUM QUALITATIVE CHEMICAL ANALYSIS RADIATION SOURCES RADIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS RADIOISOTOPES RADIUM RESIDUES SILICATES SILICON COMPOUNDS SOILS SULFATES SULFUR COMPOUNDS SURFACE COATING THORIUM TRANSITION ELEMENT COMPOUNDS TRANSPLUTONIUM ELEMENTS TRANSURANIUM ELEMENTS URANIUM WATER |
| title | Simultaneous determination of alpha-emitting nuclides of radium through californium in large environmental and biological samples |
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