Movement of Alachlor and Metribuzin from Controlled Release Formulations in a Sandy Soil
Field and column experiments were conducted to determine the effect of controlled release formulations on weed control and leaching of alachlor and metribuzin on a Plainfield sand. Controlled release formulations including two starch encapsulations of both herbicides and a microencapsulation of alac...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Weed science 1992-12, Vol.40 (4), p.606-613 |
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| creator | Fleming, Gwen F. Wax, Loyd M. Simmons, F. William Felsot, Allan S. |
| description | Field and column experiments were conducted to determine the effect of controlled release formulations on weed control and leaching of alachlor and metribuzin on a Plainfield sand. Controlled release formulations including two starch encapsulations of both herbicides and a microencapsulation of alachlor were compared to emulsifiable concentrate and dry flowable formulations of alachlor and metribuzin, respectively. Herbicide movement was measured in laboratory columns and in the field throughout two growing seasons to a soil depth of 91 cm. Soybean injury and weed control were monitored. No significant differences in herbicide movement between starch-encapsulated and emulsifiable concentrate formulations were observed in either field or column experiments. Microencapsulation resulted in the greatest retention of alachlor in the soil surface in field and columns. Compared to the dry flowable formulation, starch encapsulation did not affect metribuzin distribution in the field but reduced leaching in columns. Controlled release formulations did not result in significant differences in weed control and soybean injury compared to the emulsifiable concentrate alachlor and dry flowable metribuzin formulations. Starch encapsulations had a limited effect on alachlor and metribuzin movement. Degradation appeared to be the primary mechanism for herbicide dissipation while leaching losses were minor. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1017/S0043174500058197 |
| format | Article |
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William ; Felsot, Allan S.</creator><creatorcontrib>Fleming, Gwen F. ; Wax, Loyd M. ; Simmons, F. William ; Felsot, Allan S.</creatorcontrib><description>Field and column experiments were conducted to determine the effect of controlled release formulations on weed control and leaching of alachlor and metribuzin on a Plainfield sand. Controlled release formulations including two starch encapsulations of both herbicides and a microencapsulation of alachlor were compared to emulsifiable concentrate and dry flowable formulations of alachlor and metribuzin, respectively. Herbicide movement was measured in laboratory columns and in the field throughout two growing seasons to a soil depth of 91 cm. Soybean injury and weed control were monitored. No significant differences in herbicide movement between starch-encapsulated and emulsifiable concentrate formulations were observed in either field or column experiments. Microencapsulation resulted in the greatest retention of alachlor in the soil surface in field and columns. Compared to the dry flowable formulation, starch encapsulation did not affect metribuzin distribution in the field but reduced leaching in columns. Controlled release formulations did not result in significant differences in weed control and soybean injury compared to the emulsifiable concentrate alachlor and dry flowable metribuzin formulations. Starch encapsulations had a limited effect on alachlor and metribuzin movement. Degradation appeared to be the primary mechanism for herbicide dissipation while leaching losses were minor.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0043-1745</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1550-2759</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1017/S0043174500058197</identifier><identifier>CODEN: WEESA6</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press</publisher><subject>Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions ; ALACHLORE ; ALACLORO ; ALMIDON ; AMIDON ; Biological and medical sciences ; Bromides ; Chemical control ; Controlled release ; ENCAPSULACION ; ENCAPSULATION ; FITOTOXICIDAD ; FORMULACIONES ; FORMULATION ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; GLYCINE MAX ; Herbicides ; Leaching ; LESSIVAGE DU SOL ; LIXIVIACION ; METRIBUZINA ; METRIBUZINE ; Parasitic plants. Weeds ; PERDIDAS DE LA COSECHA ; PERTE DE RECOLTE ; Pesticides ; Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection ; PHYTOTOXICITE ; PROCESOS DE TRANSPORTE EN EL SUELO ; Soil depth ; Soil pollution ; Soil samples ; Soil water ; Soil, Air, and Water ; SOL SABLEUX ; Starches ; SUELO ARENOSO ; TRANSPORT DANS LE SOL ; Weeds</subject><ispartof>Weed science, 1992-12, Vol.40 (4), p.606-613</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 1992 by the Weed Science Society of America</rights><rights>Copyright 1992 The Weed Science Society of America</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a311t-5d45755ae6d7a71cb8c596e20f541af81f2d5bb1cf4c9ff0449e8f214daf56493</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-a311t-5d45755ae6d7a71cb8c596e20f541af81f2d5bb1cf4c9ff0449e8f214daf56493</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/4045254$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/4045254$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,778,782,801,27907,27908,58000,58233</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=6089346$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Fleming, Gwen F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wax, Loyd M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Simmons, F. William</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Felsot, Allan S.</creatorcontrib><title>Movement of Alachlor and Metribuzin from Controlled Release Formulations in a Sandy Soil</title><title>Weed science</title><addtitle>Weed sci</addtitle><description>Field and column experiments were conducted to determine the effect of controlled release formulations on weed control and leaching of alachlor and metribuzin on a Plainfield sand. Controlled release formulations including two starch encapsulations of both herbicides and a microencapsulation of alachlor were compared to emulsifiable concentrate and dry flowable formulations of alachlor and metribuzin, respectively. Herbicide movement was measured in laboratory columns and in the field throughout two growing seasons to a soil depth of 91 cm. Soybean injury and weed control were monitored. No significant differences in herbicide movement between starch-encapsulated and emulsifiable concentrate formulations were observed in either field or column experiments. Microencapsulation resulted in the greatest retention of alachlor in the soil surface in field and columns. Compared to the dry flowable formulation, starch encapsulation did not affect metribuzin distribution in the field but reduced leaching in columns. Controlled release formulations did not result in significant differences in weed control and soybean injury compared to the emulsifiable concentrate alachlor and dry flowable metribuzin formulations. Starch encapsulations had a limited effect on alachlor and metribuzin movement. Degradation appeared to be the primary mechanism for herbicide dissipation while leaching losses were minor.</description><subject>Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions</subject><subject>ALACHLORE</subject><subject>ALACLORO</subject><subject>ALMIDON</subject><subject>AMIDON</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Bromides</subject><subject>Chemical control</subject><subject>Controlled release</subject><subject>ENCAPSULACION</subject><subject>ENCAPSULATION</subject><subject>FITOTOXICIDAD</subject><subject>FORMULACIONES</subject><subject>FORMULATION</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>GLYCINE MAX</subject><subject>Herbicides</subject><subject>Leaching</subject><subject>LESSIVAGE DU SOL</subject><subject>LIXIVIACION</subject><subject>METRIBUZINA</subject><subject>METRIBUZINE</subject><subject>Parasitic plants. Weeds</subject><subject>PERDIDAS DE LA COSECHA</subject><subject>PERTE DE RECOLTE</subject><subject>Pesticides</subject><subject>Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection</subject><subject>PHYTOTOXICITE</subject><subject>PROCESOS DE TRANSPORTE EN EL SUELO</subject><subject>Soil depth</subject><subject>Soil pollution</subject><subject>Soil samples</subject><subject>Soil water</subject><subject>Soil, Air, and Water</subject><subject>SOL SABLEUX</subject><subject>Starches</subject><subject>SUELO ARENOSO</subject><subject>TRANSPORT DANS LE SOL</subject><subject>Weeds</subject><issn>0043-1745</issn><issn>1550-2759</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1992</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kEFLwzAYhoMoOKc_QPGQg9dqvjZpm-MYToWJYB14K1_bZHakzUg6Yf56Wzp2ETx9h-d9Xj5eQq6B3QOD5CFjjEeQcMEYEynI5IRMQAgWhImQp2Qy4GDg5-TC-w1jEIcgJ-Tz1X6rRrUdtZrODJZfxjqKbUVfVefqYvdTt1Q729C5bTtnjVEVfVdGoVd0YV2zM9jVtvW0zyHNenNPM1ubS3Km0Xh1dbhTslo8fsyfg-Xb08t8tgwwAugCUXGRCIEqrhJMoCzSUshYhUwLDqhT0GEligJKzUupNeNcqlSHwCvUIuYymhIYe0tnvXdK51tXN-j2ObB8mCb_M03v3I3OFn2JRjtsy9ofxZilMuJxH7sdYxvfWXfEnHERCt7jmxFrtDmuXd-wymQUykQMbnR4C5vC1dVa5Ru7c20_xT-P_QKX3YRm</recordid><startdate>199212</startdate><enddate>199212</enddate><creator>Fleming, Gwen F.</creator><creator>Wax, Loyd M.</creator><creator>Simmons, F. William</creator><creator>Felsot, Allan S.</creator><general>Cambridge University Press</general><general>Weed Science Society of America</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope></search><sort><creationdate>199212</creationdate><title>Movement of Alachlor and Metribuzin from Controlled Release Formulations in a Sandy Soil</title><author>Fleming, Gwen F. ; Wax, Loyd M. ; Simmons, F. William ; Felsot, Allan S.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a311t-5d45755ae6d7a71cb8c596e20f541af81f2d5bb1cf4c9ff0449e8f214daf56493</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1992</creationdate><topic>Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions</topic><topic>ALACHLORE</topic><topic>ALACLORO</topic><topic>ALMIDON</topic><topic>AMIDON</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Bromides</topic><topic>Chemical control</topic><topic>Controlled release</topic><topic>ENCAPSULACION</topic><topic>ENCAPSULATION</topic><topic>FITOTOXICIDAD</topic><topic>FORMULACIONES</topic><topic>FORMULATION</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>GLYCINE MAX</topic><topic>Herbicides</topic><topic>Leaching</topic><topic>LESSIVAGE DU SOL</topic><topic>LIXIVIACION</topic><topic>METRIBUZINA</topic><topic>METRIBUZINE</topic><topic>Parasitic plants. Weeds</topic><topic>PERDIDAS DE LA COSECHA</topic><topic>PERTE DE RECOLTE</topic><topic>Pesticides</topic><topic>Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection</topic><topic>PHYTOTOXICITE</topic><topic>PROCESOS DE TRANSPORTE EN EL SUELO</topic><topic>Soil depth</topic><topic>Soil pollution</topic><topic>Soil samples</topic><topic>Soil water</topic><topic>Soil, Air, and Water</topic><topic>SOL SABLEUX</topic><topic>Starches</topic><topic>SUELO ARENOSO</topic><topic>TRANSPORT DANS LE SOL</topic><topic>Weeds</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Fleming, Gwen F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wax, Loyd M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Simmons, F. William</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Felsot, Allan S.</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><jtitle>Weed science</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Fleming, Gwen F.</au><au>Wax, Loyd M.</au><au>Simmons, F. William</au><au>Felsot, Allan S.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Movement of Alachlor and Metribuzin from Controlled Release Formulations in a Sandy Soil</atitle><jtitle>Weed science</jtitle><addtitle>Weed sci</addtitle><date>1992-12</date><risdate>1992</risdate><volume>40</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>606</spage><epage>613</epage><pages>606-613</pages><issn>0043-1745</issn><eissn>1550-2759</eissn><coden>WEESA6</coden><abstract>Field and column experiments were conducted to determine the effect of controlled release formulations on weed control and leaching of alachlor and metribuzin on a Plainfield sand. Controlled release formulations including two starch encapsulations of both herbicides and a microencapsulation of alachlor were compared to emulsifiable concentrate and dry flowable formulations of alachlor and metribuzin, respectively. Herbicide movement was measured in laboratory columns and in the field throughout two growing seasons to a soil depth of 91 cm. Soybean injury and weed control were monitored. No significant differences in herbicide movement between starch-encapsulated and emulsifiable concentrate formulations were observed in either field or column experiments. Microencapsulation resulted in the greatest retention of alachlor in the soil surface in field and columns. Compared to the dry flowable formulation, starch encapsulation did not affect metribuzin distribution in the field but reduced leaching in columns. Controlled release formulations did not result in significant differences in weed control and soybean injury compared to the emulsifiable concentrate alachlor and dry flowable metribuzin formulations. Starch encapsulations had a limited effect on alachlor and metribuzin movement. Degradation appeared to be the primary mechanism for herbicide dissipation while leaching losses were minor.</abstract><cop>Cambridge, UK</cop><pub>Cambridge University Press</pub><doi>10.1017/S0043174500058197</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Weed science, 1992-12, Vol.40 (4), p.606-613 |
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| language | eng |
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| source | Jstor Complete Legacy |
| subjects | Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions ALACHLORE ALACLORO ALMIDON AMIDON Biological and medical sciences Bromides Chemical control Controlled release ENCAPSULACION ENCAPSULATION FITOTOXICIDAD FORMULACIONES FORMULATION Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology GLYCINE MAX Herbicides Leaching LESSIVAGE DU SOL LIXIVIACION METRIBUZINA METRIBUZINE Parasitic plants. Weeds PERDIDAS DE LA COSECHA PERTE DE RECOLTE Pesticides Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection PHYTOTOXICITE PROCESOS DE TRANSPORTE EN EL SUELO Soil depth Soil pollution Soil samples Soil water Soil, Air, and Water SOL SABLEUX Starches SUELO ARENOSO TRANSPORT DANS LE SOL Weeds |
| title | Movement of Alachlor and Metribuzin from Controlled Release Formulations in a Sandy Soil |
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